Interactive holography offers unmatched levels of immersion and user engagement in the field of future display.Despite of the substantial progress has been made in dynamic meta-holography,the realization of real-time,...Interactive holography offers unmatched levels of immersion and user engagement in the field of future display.Despite of the substantial progress has been made in dynamic meta-holography,the realization of real-time,highly smooth interactive holography remains a significant challenge due to the computational and display frame rate limitations.In this study,we introduced a dynamic interactive bitwise meta-holography with ultra-high computational and display frame rates.To our knowledge,this is the first reported practical dynamic interactive metasurface holographic system.We spa-tially divided the metasurface device into multiple distinct channels,each projecting a reconstructed sub-pattern.The switching states of these channels were mapped to bitwise operations on a set of bit values,which avoids complex holo-gram computations,enabling an ultra-high computational frame rate.Our approach achieves a computational frame rate of 800 kHz and a display frame rate of 23 kHz on a low-power Raspberry Pi computational platform.According to this methodology,we demonstrated an interactive dynamic holographic Tetris game system that allows interactive gameplay,color display,and on-the-fly hologram creation.Our technology presents an inspiration for advanced dynamic meta-holography,which is promising for a broad range of applications including advanced human-computer interaction,real-time 3D visualization,and next-generation virtual and augmented reality systems.展开更多
We developed ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)incorporating mullite sand and brown corundum sand(BCS),and the quartz sand UHPC was utilized to prepare for comparison.The properties of compressive strength,elastic ...We developed ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)incorporating mullite sand and brown corundum sand(BCS),and the quartz sand UHPC was utilized to prepare for comparison.The properties of compressive strength,elastic modulus,ultrasonic pulse velocity,flexural strength,and toughness were investigated.Scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation were also conducted to reveal the underlying mechanisms affecting macroscopic performance.Due to the superior interface bonding properties between mullite sand and matrix,the compressive strength and flexural toughness of UHPC have been significantly improved.Mullite sand and BCS aggregates have higher stiffness than quartz sand,contributing to the excellent elastic modulus exhibited by UHPC.The stiffness and volume of aggregates have a more significant impact on the elastic modulus of UHPC than interface performance,and the latter contributes more to the strength of UHPC.This study will provide a reference for developing UHPC with superior elastic modulus for structural engineering.展开更多
To achieve higher strength and better durability,ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)typically employs a relatively small water-binder ratio.However,this generally leads to an undesired increase in the paste viscosit...To achieve higher strength and better durability,ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)typically employs a relatively small water-binder ratio.However,this generally leads to an undesired increase in the paste viscosity.In this study,the effects of liquid and powder polycarboxylate superplasticizers(PCE)on UHPC are compared and critically discussed.Moreover,the following influential factors are considered:air-entraining agents(AE),slump retaining agents(SA),and defoaming agents(DF)and the resulting flow characteristics,mechanical properties,and hydration properties are evaluated assuming UHPC containing 8‰powder PCE(PCE-based UHPC).It is found that the spread diameter of powder PCE is 5%higher than that of liquid PCE.Among the chemical admixtures studied,AEs have the best effect on improving UHPC workability,while DFs have the worst effect.When the addition of AE and SA is 1.25‰and 14.7%of PCE,paste viscosity reduces by 35%and 19%,respectively compared to the paste with only 8‰PCE.A low AE dosage(1.25‰)decreases compressive strength by 4.1%,while SA(8.1%)increases UHPC compressive strength by 9.1%.Both AE and SA significantly delay the UHPC hydration process,reducing the hydration heat release peaks by 76%and 27%,respectively.展开更多
Due to the low water-cement ratio of ultra-high-performance concrete(UHPC),fluidity and shrinkage cracking are key aspects determining the performance and durability of this type of concrete.In this study,the effects ...Due to the low water-cement ratio of ultra-high-performance concrete(UHPC),fluidity and shrinkage cracking are key aspects determining the performance and durability of this type of concrete.In this study,the effects of different types of cementitious materials,chemical shrinkage-reducing agents(SRA)and steel fiber(SF)were assessed.Compared with M2-UHPC and M3-UHPC,M1-UHPC was found to have better fluidity and shrinkage cracking performance.Moreover,different SRA incorporation methods,dosage and different SF types and aspect ratios were implemented.The incorporation of SRA and SF led to a decrease in the fluidity of UHPC.SRA internal content of 1%(NSRA-1%),SRA external content of 1%(WSRA-1%),STS-0.22 and STE-0.7 decreased the fluidity of UHPC by 3.3%,8.3%,9.2%and 25%,respectively.However,SRA and SF improved the UHPC shrinkage cracking performance.NSRA-1%and STE-0.7 reduced the shrinkage value of UHPC by 40%and 60%,respectively,and increased the crack resistance by 338%and 175%,respectively.In addition,the addition of SF was observed to make the microstructure of UHPC more compact,and the compressive strength and flexural strength of 28 d were increased by 26.9%and 19.9%,respectively.展开更多
An accurate mapping and understanding of remaining oil distribution is very important for water control and stabilize oil production of mature oilfields in ultra-high water-cut stage.Currently,the Tuo-21 Fault Block o...An accurate mapping and understanding of remaining oil distribution is very important for water control and stabilize oil production of mature oilfields in ultra-high water-cut stage.Currently,the Tuo-21 Fault Block of the Shengtuo Oilfield has entered the stage of ultra-high water cut(97.2%).Poor adaptability of the well pattern,ineffective water injection cycle and low efficiency of engineering measures(such as workover,re-perforation and utilization of high-capacity pumps)are the significant problems in the ultra-high water-cut reservoir.In order to accurately describe the oil and water flow characteristics,relative permeability curves at high water injection multiple(injected pore volume)and a semiquantitative method is applied to perform fine reservoir simulation of the Sand group 3e7 in the Block.An accurate reservoir model is built and history matching is performed.The distribution characteristics of remaining oil in lateral and vertical directions are quantitatively simulated and analyzed.The results show that the numerical simulation considering relative permeability at high injection multiple can reflect truly the remaining oil distribution characteristics after water flooding in an ultrahigh water-cut stage.The distribution of remaining oil saturation can be mapped more accurately and quantitatively by using the‘four-points and five-types’classification method,providing a basis for potential tapping of various remaining oil types of oil reservoirs in late-stage of development with high water-cut.展开更多
Ultra-high nickel cobalt-free lithium layered oxides are promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)because of their relatively high capacity and low cost.Nevertheless,the high nickel content would indu...Ultra-high nickel cobalt-free lithium layered oxides are promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)because of their relatively high capacity and low cost.Nevertheless,the high nickel content would induce bulk structure degradation and interfacial environment deterioration,and the absence of Co element reduces the lithium diffusion kinetics,severely limiting the performance liberation of this kind of cathodes.Herein,a multifunctional Ti/Zr dual cation co-doping strategy has been employed to improve the lithium storage performance of LiNi_(0.9)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NM91)cathode.On the one hand,the Ti/Zr co-doping weakens the Li^(+)/Ni^(2+)mixing through magnetic interactions due to the inexistence of unpaired electrons for Ti^(4+)and Zr^(4+),increasing the lithium diffusion rate and suppressing the harmful coexistence of H1 and H2 phases.On the other hand,they enhance the lattice oxygen stability because of the strong Ti-O and Zr-O bonds,inhibiting the undesired H3 phase transition and lattice oxygen loss,improving the bulk structure and cathode-electrolyte interface stability.As a result,the Ti/Zr co-doped NM91(NMTZ)exhibits a 91.2%capacity retention rate after 100 cycles,while that of NM91 is only82.9%.Also,the NMTZ displays better rate performance than NM91 with output capacities of 115 and93 mA h g^(-1)at a high current density of 5 C,respectively.Moreover,the designed NMTZ could enable the full battery to deliver an energy density up to 263 W h kg^(-1),making the ultra-high nickel cobaltfree lithium layered oxide cathode closer to practical applications.展开更多
Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]...Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]-containing carboxyl groups[PAEK-COOH]/UiO-66-NH_(2)@graphene oxide[GO])with superb fouling resistance and high permeability was prepared by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation method,by in-situ growth of UiO-66-NH_(2) on the GO layer,and by preparing hydrophilic PAEK-COOH.On the basis of the structure and performance analysis of the MMM,the maximum water flux reached 591.25 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) for PAEK-COOH/UiO-66-NH_(2)@GO,whereas the retention rate for bovine serum albumin increased from 85.40%to 94.87%.As the loading gradually increased,the hydrophilicity of the MMMs increased,significantly enhancing their fouling resistance.The strongest anti-fouling ability observed was 94.74%,which was 2.02 times greater than that of the pure membrane.At the same time,the MMMs contained internal amide and hydrogen bonds during the preparation process,forming a cross-linked structure,which further enhanced the mechanical strength and chemical stability.In summary,the MMMs with high retention rate,strong permeability,and anti-fouling ability were successfully prepared.展开更多
Polymer gels have been accepted as a useful tool to address many sealing operations such as drilling and completion,well stimulation,wellbore integrity,water and gas shutoff,etc.Previously,we developed an ultra-high s...Polymer gels have been accepted as a useful tool to address many sealing operations such as drilling and completion,well stimulation,wellbore integrity,water and gas shutoff,etc.Previously,we developed an ultra-high strength gel(USGel)for medium to ultra-low temperature reservoirs.However,the removal of USGel is a difficult problem for most temporary plugging operations.This paper first provides new insights into the mechanism of USGel,where multistage network structure and physical entanglement are the main reasons for USGel possessing ultra-high strength.Then the effects of acid breakers,encapsulated breakers,and oxidation breakers(including H_(2)O_(2),Na_(2)S_(2)O_(8),Ca(ClO)_(2),H_(2)O_(2)+NaOH,Na_(2)S_(2)O_(8)+NaOH,and Ca(ClO)_(2)+NaOH)were evaluated.The effects of component concentration and temperature on the breaking solution were studied,and the corrosion performance,physical simulation and formation damage tests of the breaking solution were carried out.The final formulation of 2%-4%NaOH+4.5%-6%H_(2)O_(2) breaking solution was determined,which can make USGel completely turn into water at 35e105C.The combinations of“acid t breaking solution”,“acid+encapsulated breaker”and“encapsulated breaker+breaking solution”were evaluated for breaking effect.The acid gradually reduced the volume of USGel,which increased the contact area between breaking solution and USGel,and the effect of“4%acid+breaking solution”was 23 times higher than that of breaking solution alone at 35C.However,the acid significantly reduced the strength of USGel.This paper provides new insights into the breaking of high-strength gels with complex network structures.展开更多
An in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relationship between the surface structure,chemical composition,adsorption and desorption of molecules,and their reaction activity and selectivity is necessary for t...An in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relationship between the surface structure,chemical composition,adsorption and desorption of molecules,and their reaction activity and selectivity is necessary for the rational design of high-performance catalysts.Herein,we present a method for studying catalytic mechanisms using a combination of in situ reaction cells and surface science techniques.The proposed system consists of four parts:preparation chamber,temperatureprogrammed desorption(TPD)chamber,quick load-lock chamber,and in situ reaction cell.The preparation chamber was equipped with setups based on the surface science techniques used for standard sample preparation and characterization,including an Ar+sputter gun,Auger electron spectrometer,and a low-energy electron diffractometer.After a well-defined model catalyst was prepared,the sample was transferred to a TPD chamber to investigate the adsorption and desorption of the probe molecule,or to the reaction cell,to measure the catalytic activity.A thermal desorption experiment for methanol on a clean Cu(111)surface was conducted to demonstrate the functionality of the preparation and TPD chambers.Moreover,the repeatability of the in situ reaction cell experiment was verified by CO_(2) hydrogenation on the Ni(110)surface.At a reaction pressure of 800 Torr at 673 K,turnover frequencies for the methanation reaction and reverse water-gas shift reaction were 0.15 and 7.55 Ni atom^(-1) s^(-1),respectively.展开更多
This study aims to clarify the effects of curing regimes and lightweight aggregate(LWA)on the morphology, width and mechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone(ITZ) of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC...This study aims to clarify the effects of curing regimes and lightweight aggregate(LWA)on the morphology, width and mechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone(ITZ) of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC), and provide reference for the selection of lightweight ultra-high performance concrete(L-UHPC) curing regimes and the pre-wetting degree LWA. The results show that, under the three curing regimes(standard curing, steam curing and autoclaved curing), LWA is tightly bound to the matrix without obvious boundaries. ITZ width increases with the water absorption of LWA and decreases with increasing curing temperature. The ITZ microhardness is the highest when water absorption is 3%, and the microhardness value is more stable with the distance from LWA. Steam and autoclaved curing increase ITZ microhardness compared to standard curing. As LWA pre-wetting and curing temperatures increase, the degree of hydration at the ITZ increases, generating high-density CSH(HD CSH) and ultra-high-density CSH(UHD CSH), and reducing unhydrated particles in ITZ. ITZ micro-mechanical properties are optimized due to hydration products being denser.展开更多
Ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings have ultra-high melting points,excellent mechanical properties and high temperature ablation resistance.These unique performance combinations turn it into a promising material f...Ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings have ultra-high melting points,excellent mechanical properties and high temperature ablation resistance.These unique performance combinations turn it into a promising material for use in extreme environment structures in rockets and hypersonic vehicles,particularly nozzles,leading edges and engine components.In this paper,various preparation methods of ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings were reviewed,including plasma spraying,chemical vapor deposition,pack cementation,slurry sintering,hot pressing and their research progress.Meanwhile,some new preparation methods of high temperature coatings,such as ion beam deposition,ultrasonic spraying,metal organic frame work coating,and magnetron sputtering,were introduced.The development trend of ultra-high temperature coatings was prospected as well.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish an uncertainty evaluation method for the determination of ethyl maltol by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(UPLC-MS).[Methods]A mathematica...[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish an uncertainty evaluation method for the determination of ethyl maltol by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(UPLC-MS).[Methods]A mathematical model of uncertainty was established by analyzing the method for determining ethyl maltol using UPLC-MS.The sources of uncertainty were analyzed,and the components of uncertainty were calculated to evaluate the expanded uncertainty of the method.[Results]When the content of ethyl maltol in edible vegetable oil was 1657μg/kg,the expanded uncertainty was 22.4μg/kg(K=2,P=95%).[Conclusions]The uncertainty in this evaluation model mainly came from standard solution preparation,sample weighing,dilution of sample to constant volume,standard curve fitting,and repeated measurement.展开更多
Although Zn metal has been regarded as the most promising anode for aqueous batteries,its practical application is still restricted by side reactions and dendrite growth.Herein,an in-situ solid electrolyte interphase(...Although Zn metal has been regarded as the most promising anode for aqueous batteries,its practical application is still restricted by side reactions and dendrite growth.Herein,an in-situ solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film formed on the interface of electrode/electrolyte during the plating/stripping of zinc anodes by introducing trace amounts of multidentate ligand sodium diethyldithiocarbamate(DDTC)additive into 1 M ZnSO_(4).The synergistic effect of in-situ solid electrolyte interphase forming and chelate effect endows Zn^(2+)with uniform and rapid interface-diffusion kinetics against dendrite growth and surface side reactions.As a result,the Zn anode in 1 M ZnSO_(4)+DDTC electrolytes displays an ultra-high coulombic efficiency of 99.5%and cycling stability(more than 2000 h),especially at high current density(more than 600 cycles at 40 mA cm^(-2)).Moreover,the Zn//MnO_(2)full cells in the ZnSO_(4)+DDTC electrolyte exhibit outstanding cyclic stability(with 98.6%capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 10 C).This electrode/electrolyte interfacial chemistry modulated strategy provides new insight into enhancing zinc anode stability for high-performance aqueous zinc batteries.展开更多
In this work,we reported a series of monolithic 3D-printed Ni-Mo alloy electrodes for highly efficient water splitting at high current density(1500 mA cm^(-2))with excellent stability,which provides a solution to scal...In this work,we reported a series of monolithic 3D-printed Ni-Mo alloy electrodes for highly efficient water splitting at high current density(1500 mA cm^(-2))with excellent stability,which provides a solution to scale up Ni-Mo catalysts for HER to industry use.All possible Ni-Mo metal/alloy phases were achieved by tuning the atomic composition and heat treatment procedure,and they were investigated through both experiment and simulation,and the optimal NiMo phase shows the best performance.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate that the NiMo phase has the lowest H2O dissociation energy,which further explains the exceptional performance of NiMo.In addition,the microporosity was modulated via controlled thermal treatment,indicating that the 1100℃sintered sample has the best catalytic performance,which is attributed to the high electrochemically active surface area(ECSA).Finally,the four different macrostructures were achieved by 3D printing,and they further improved the catalytic performance.The gyroid structure exhibits the best catalytic performance of driving 500 mA cm^(-2)at a low overpotential of 228 mV and 1500 mA cm^(-2)at 325 mV,as it maximizes the efficient bubble removal from the electrode surface,which offers the great potential for high current density water splitting.展开更多
ZrB_(2)-based ceramics typically necessitate high temperature and pressure for sintering,whereas ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramics can be fabricated at 1500℃using the process of reactive melt infiltration with Si.In comparison to...ZrB_(2)-based ceramics typically necessitate high temperature and pressure for sintering,whereas ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramics can be fabricated at 1500℃using the process of reactive melt infiltration with Si.In comparison to the conventional preparation method,reactive synthesis allows for the more facile production of ultra-high temperature ceramics with fine particle size and homogeneous composition.In this work,ZrSi_(2),B4C,and C were used as raw materials to prepare ZrB_(2)-SiC via combination of tape casting and reactive melt infiltration herein referred to as ZBC ceramics.Control sample of ZrB_(2)-SiC was also prepared using ZrB_(2) and SiC as raw materials through an identical process designated as ZS ceramics.Microscopic analysis of both ceramic groups revealed smaller and more uniformly distributed particles of the ZrB_(2) phase in ZBC ceramics compared to the larger particles in ZS ceramics.Both sets of ceramics underwent cyclic oxidation testing in the air at 1600℃for a cumulative duration of 5 cycles,each cycle lasting 2 h.Analysis of the oxidation behavior showed that both ZBC ceramics and ZS ceramics developed a glassy SiO_(2)-ZrO_(2) oxide layer on their surfaces during the oxidation.This layer severed as a barrier against oxygen.In ZBC ceramics,ZrO_(2) is finely distributed in SiO_(2),whereas in ZS ceramics,larger ZrO_(2) particles coexist with glassy SiO_(2).The surface oxide layer of ZBC ceramics maintains a dense structure because the well-dispersed ZrO_(2) increases the viscosity of glassy SiO_(2),preventing its crystallization during the cooling.Conversely,some SiO_(2) in the oxide layer of ZS ceramics may crystallize and form a eutectic with ZrO_(2),leading to the formation of ZrSiO_(4).This leads to cracking of the oxide layer due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients,weakening its barrier effect.An analysis of the oxidation resistance shows that ZBC ceramics exhibit less increase in oxide layer thickness and mass compared to ZS ceramics,suggesting superior oxidation resistance of ZBC ceramics.展开更多
Polymer matrix types of fiber hybrid composites are key factors to improve ballistic impact damage tolerances.Here we report ballistic penetration damages of Kevlar/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)hybr...Polymer matrix types of fiber hybrid composites are key factors to improve ballistic impact damage tolerances.Here we report ballistic penetration damages of Kevlar/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)hybrid composites with thermoplastic polyurethane(PU)matrix.The hybrid composites were penetrated by fragment-simulating projectiles(FSPs)using an air gun impact system.The effects of stacking sequences on the ballistic performance of hybrid composites were analyzed.Two types of specific energy absorption(the energy absorption per unit area density and the energy absorption per unit thickness)were investigated.It was found that the main damage modes of PU hybrid composites were fiber breakage,matrix damage,fiber pullout and interlayer delamination.The instantaneous deformation could not be used as a reference index for evaluating the ballistic performance of the target plate.The energy absorption process of the PU hybrid composites showed a nonlinear pattern.The hybrid structure affected the specific energy absorption of the materials.展开更多
Carbide ceramic fibers are of significant importance for application in the high-tech areas of advanced aircraft engines,aerospace vehicles,and the nuclear industry due to their excellent properties,such as high tensi...Carbide ceramic fibers are of significant importance for application in the high-tech areas of advanced aircraft engines,aerospace vehicles,and the nuclear industry due to their excellent properties,such as high tensile strength and elastic modulus,excellent high-temperature resistance,and oxidation resistance.This paper reviews the preparation and application of different carbide ceramic fibers,including SiC fibers and transition metal carbide(e.g.,ZrC,HfC,and TaC)ceramic fibers.The preparation methods of carbide ceramic fibers are discussed in terms of different fiber diameters,represented by SiC fibers with variable weaving properties and functions due to their differences in diameter.Subsequently,the application of carbide ceramic fibers as high-temperature-resistant structural materials,catalyst carriers,sensors,and supercapacitors are summarized,and strategies for the future development of carbide ceramic fibers are proposed.This review aims to help researchers enhance their understanding of the preparation and utilization of carbide ceramic micro/nanofibers,advancing the development of high-performance carbide ceramic fibers.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to establish an ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/linear ion trap complex mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists in animal derived f...[Objectives]The paper was to establish an ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/linear ion trap complex mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists in animal derived food.[Methods]The samples were extracted with sodium carbonate buffer solution and ethyl acetate,and analyzed by mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography separation.[Results]Ten kinds ofα2-receptor agonists showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1-100μg/mL,with the average recovery of over 69%and the relative standard deviation less than 8.32%.The detection limit of 10 kinds of α_(2)-receptor agonists was up to 1μg/kg.[Conclusions]The method has good selectivity and strong anti-interference ability,and can meet the requirements of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists residues in animal derived food.展开更多
This paper explores the shrinkage of reinforced UHPC under high-temperature steam curing and natural curing conditions.The results are compared with the existing shrinkage prediction models.The results show that the m...This paper explores the shrinkage of reinforced UHPC under high-temperature steam curing and natural curing conditions.The results are compared with the existing shrinkage prediction models.The results show that the maximum shrinkage strain of reinforced UHPC after steam curing is 164μεand gradually becomes zero.As for natural curing,the maximum shrinkage strain is 173μεand the value stabilizes on the 10th day after pouring.This indicated that steam curing can significantly reduce shrinkage time.Compared with the plain UHPC tested in the previous literature,the structural reinforcement can significantly inhibit the UHPC shrinkage and greatly reduce the risk of cracking due to shrinkage.By comparing the results in this paper with the existing models for predicting the shrinkage strain development,it is found that the formula recommended in the French UHPC structural and technical specification is suitable for the shrinkage curve in the present paper.展开更多
基金supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.62205117,52275429)National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2021YFF0502700)+3 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (Grant No.2022QNRC001)West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.xbzg-zdsys-202206)Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang,Innovation project of Optics Valley Laboratory (Grant No.OVL2021ZD002)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.2022CFB792).
文摘Interactive holography offers unmatched levels of immersion and user engagement in the field of future display.Despite of the substantial progress has been made in dynamic meta-holography,the realization of real-time,highly smooth interactive holography remains a significant challenge due to the computational and display frame rate limitations.In this study,we introduced a dynamic interactive bitwise meta-holography with ultra-high computational and display frame rates.To our knowledge,this is the first reported practical dynamic interactive metasurface holographic system.We spa-tially divided the metasurface device into multiple distinct channels,each projecting a reconstructed sub-pattern.The switching states of these channels were mapped to bitwise operations on a set of bit values,which avoids complex holo-gram computations,enabling an ultra-high computational frame rate.Our approach achieves a computational frame rate of 800 kHz and a display frame rate of 23 kHz on a low-power Raspberry Pi computational platform.According to this methodology,we demonstrated an interactive dynamic holographic Tetris game system that allows interactive gameplay,color display,and on-the-fly hologram creation.Our technology presents an inspiration for advanced dynamic meta-holography,which is promising for a broad range of applications including advanced human-computer interaction,real-time 3D visualization,and next-generation virtual and augmented reality systems.
基金Funed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A20149)the Ecological Environment Scientific Research Project of Anhui Province(No.2023hb0014)+2 种基金the Research Reserve of Anhui Jianzhu University(No.2022XMK01)the Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation Team in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province(No.2022AH010017)Research on the preparation technology of self compacting concrete with strength grade C100.
文摘We developed ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)incorporating mullite sand and brown corundum sand(BCS),and the quartz sand UHPC was utilized to prepare for comparison.The properties of compressive strength,elastic modulus,ultrasonic pulse velocity,flexural strength,and toughness were investigated.Scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation were also conducted to reveal the underlying mechanisms affecting macroscopic performance.Due to the superior interface bonding properties between mullite sand and matrix,the compressive strength and flexural toughness of UHPC have been significantly improved.Mullite sand and BCS aggregates have higher stiffness than quartz sand,contributing to the excellent elastic modulus exhibited by UHPC.The stiffness and volume of aggregates have a more significant impact on the elastic modulus of UHPC than interface performance,and the latter contributes more to the strength of UHPC.This study will provide a reference for developing UHPC with superior elastic modulus for structural engineering.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2022BCA082 and 2022BCA077).
文摘To achieve higher strength and better durability,ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)typically employs a relatively small water-binder ratio.However,this generally leads to an undesired increase in the paste viscosity.In this study,the effects of liquid and powder polycarboxylate superplasticizers(PCE)on UHPC are compared and critically discussed.Moreover,the following influential factors are considered:air-entraining agents(AE),slump retaining agents(SA),and defoaming agents(DF)and the resulting flow characteristics,mechanical properties,and hydration properties are evaluated assuming UHPC containing 8‰powder PCE(PCE-based UHPC).It is found that the spread diameter of powder PCE is 5%higher than that of liquid PCE.Among the chemical admixtures studied,AEs have the best effect on improving UHPC workability,while DFs have the worst effect.When the addition of AE and SA is 1.25‰and 14.7%of PCE,paste viscosity reduces by 35%and 19%,respectively compared to the paste with only 8‰PCE.A low AE dosage(1.25‰)decreases compressive strength by 4.1%,while SA(8.1%)increases UHPC compressive strength by 9.1%.Both AE and SA significantly delay the UHPC hydration process,reducing the hydration heat release peaks by 76%and 27%,respectively.
基金the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2022BCA082 and 2022BCA077).
文摘Due to the low water-cement ratio of ultra-high-performance concrete(UHPC),fluidity and shrinkage cracking are key aspects determining the performance and durability of this type of concrete.In this study,the effects of different types of cementitious materials,chemical shrinkage-reducing agents(SRA)and steel fiber(SF)were assessed.Compared with M2-UHPC and M3-UHPC,M1-UHPC was found to have better fluidity and shrinkage cracking performance.Moreover,different SRA incorporation methods,dosage and different SF types and aspect ratios were implemented.The incorporation of SRA and SF led to a decrease in the fluidity of UHPC.SRA internal content of 1%(NSRA-1%),SRA external content of 1%(WSRA-1%),STS-0.22 and STE-0.7 decreased the fluidity of UHPC by 3.3%,8.3%,9.2%and 25%,respectively.However,SRA and SF improved the UHPC shrinkage cracking performance.NSRA-1%and STE-0.7 reduced the shrinkage value of UHPC by 40%and 60%,respectively,and increased the crack resistance by 338%and 175%,respectively.In addition,the addition of SF was observed to make the microstructure of UHPC more compact,and the compressive strength and flexural strength of 28 d were increased by 26.9%and 19.9%,respectively.
基金funded by SINOPEC Science and Technology Project P18080by National Energy Administration Research and Development Center Project.
文摘An accurate mapping and understanding of remaining oil distribution is very important for water control and stabilize oil production of mature oilfields in ultra-high water-cut stage.Currently,the Tuo-21 Fault Block of the Shengtuo Oilfield has entered the stage of ultra-high water cut(97.2%).Poor adaptability of the well pattern,ineffective water injection cycle and low efficiency of engineering measures(such as workover,re-perforation and utilization of high-capacity pumps)are the significant problems in the ultra-high water-cut reservoir.In order to accurately describe the oil and water flow characteristics,relative permeability curves at high water injection multiple(injected pore volume)and a semiquantitative method is applied to perform fine reservoir simulation of the Sand group 3e7 in the Block.An accurate reservoir model is built and history matching is performed.The distribution characteristics of remaining oil in lateral and vertical directions are quantitatively simulated and analyzed.The results show that the numerical simulation considering relative permeability at high injection multiple can reflect truly the remaining oil distribution characteristics after water flooding in an ultrahigh water-cut stage.The distribution of remaining oil saturation can be mapped more accurately and quantitatively by using the‘four-points and five-types’classification method,providing a basis for potential tapping of various remaining oil types of oil reservoirs in late-stage of development with high water-cut.
基金funded by the Key R&D Program of Jilin Province(20220201132GX)the Key R&D Program of Hubei Province(2022BAA084)the Open Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization(RERU2023008)。
文摘Ultra-high nickel cobalt-free lithium layered oxides are promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)because of their relatively high capacity and low cost.Nevertheless,the high nickel content would induce bulk structure degradation and interfacial environment deterioration,and the absence of Co element reduces the lithium diffusion kinetics,severely limiting the performance liberation of this kind of cathodes.Herein,a multifunctional Ti/Zr dual cation co-doping strategy has been employed to improve the lithium storage performance of LiNi_(0.9)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NM91)cathode.On the one hand,the Ti/Zr co-doping weakens the Li^(+)/Ni^(2+)mixing through magnetic interactions due to the inexistence of unpaired electrons for Ti^(4+)and Zr^(4+),increasing the lithium diffusion rate and suppressing the harmful coexistence of H1 and H2 phases.On the other hand,they enhance the lattice oxygen stability because of the strong Ti-O and Zr-O bonds,inhibiting the undesired H3 phase transition and lattice oxygen loss,improving the bulk structure and cathode-electrolyte interface stability.As a result,the Ti/Zr co-doped NM91(NMTZ)exhibits a 91.2%capacity retention rate after 100 cycles,while that of NM91 is only82.9%.Also,the NMTZ displays better rate performance than NM91 with output capacities of 115 and93 mA h g^(-1)at a high current density of 5 C,respectively.Moreover,the designed NMTZ could enable the full battery to deliver an energy density up to 263 W h kg^(-1),making the ultra-high nickel cobaltfree lithium layered oxide cathode closer to practical applications.
基金support of this work by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075031,51673030,51603017 and 51803011)Jilin Provincial Science&Technology Department(20220201105GX)Chang Bai Mountain Scholars Program of Jilin Province.
文摘Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]-containing carboxyl groups[PAEK-COOH]/UiO-66-NH_(2)@graphene oxide[GO])with superb fouling resistance and high permeability was prepared by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation method,by in-situ growth of UiO-66-NH_(2) on the GO layer,and by preparing hydrophilic PAEK-COOH.On the basis of the structure and performance analysis of the MMM,the maximum water flux reached 591.25 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) for PAEK-COOH/UiO-66-NH_(2)@GO,whereas the retention rate for bovine serum albumin increased from 85.40%to 94.87%.As the loading gradually increased,the hydrophilicity of the MMMs increased,significantly enhancing their fouling resistance.The strongest anti-fouling ability observed was 94.74%,which was 2.02 times greater than that of the pure membrane.At the same time,the MMMs contained internal amide and hydrogen bonds during the preparation process,forming a cross-linked structure,which further enhanced the mechanical strength and chemical stability.In summary,the MMMs with high retention rate,strong permeability,and anti-fouling ability were successfully prepared.
基金supported by Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation(Grant No.171043)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Award No.2020YFQ0036).
文摘Polymer gels have been accepted as a useful tool to address many sealing operations such as drilling and completion,well stimulation,wellbore integrity,water and gas shutoff,etc.Previously,we developed an ultra-high strength gel(USGel)for medium to ultra-low temperature reservoirs.However,the removal of USGel is a difficult problem for most temporary plugging operations.This paper first provides new insights into the mechanism of USGel,where multistage network structure and physical entanglement are the main reasons for USGel possessing ultra-high strength.Then the effects of acid breakers,encapsulated breakers,and oxidation breakers(including H_(2)O_(2),Na_(2)S_(2)O_(8),Ca(ClO)_(2),H_(2)O_(2)+NaOH,Na_(2)S_(2)O_(8)+NaOH,and Ca(ClO)_(2)+NaOH)were evaluated.The effects of component concentration and temperature on the breaking solution were studied,and the corrosion performance,physical simulation and formation damage tests of the breaking solution were carried out.The final formulation of 2%-4%NaOH+4.5%-6%H_(2)O_(2) breaking solution was determined,which can make USGel completely turn into water at 35e105C.The combinations of“acid t breaking solution”,“acid+encapsulated breaker”and“encapsulated breaker+breaking solution”were evaluated for breaking effect.The acid gradually reduced the volume of USGel,which increased the contact area between breaking solution and USGel,and the effect of“4%acid+breaking solution”was 23 times higher than that of breaking solution alone at 35C.However,the acid significantly reduced the strength of USGel.This paper provides new insights into the breaking of high-strength gels with complex network structures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21802096,21832004,21902179,21991152,and 21991150)the Shanghai XFEL Beamline Project (SBP) (31011505505885920161A2101001)the support of the Shanghai Sailing Program (19YF1455600)。
文摘An in-depth understanding of the structure-activity relationship between the surface structure,chemical composition,adsorption and desorption of molecules,and their reaction activity and selectivity is necessary for the rational design of high-performance catalysts.Herein,we present a method for studying catalytic mechanisms using a combination of in situ reaction cells and surface science techniques.The proposed system consists of four parts:preparation chamber,temperatureprogrammed desorption(TPD)chamber,quick load-lock chamber,and in situ reaction cell.The preparation chamber was equipped with setups based on the surface science techniques used for standard sample preparation and characterization,including an Ar+sputter gun,Auger electron spectrometer,and a low-energy electron diffractometer.After a well-defined model catalyst was prepared,the sample was transferred to a TPD chamber to investigate the adsorption and desorption of the probe molecule,or to the reaction cell,to measure the catalytic activity.A thermal desorption experiment for methanol on a clean Cu(111)surface was conducted to demonstrate the functionality of the preparation and TPD chambers.Moreover,the repeatability of the in situ reaction cell experiment was verified by CO_(2) hydrogenation on the Ni(110)surface.At a reaction pressure of 800 Torr at 673 K,turnover frequencies for the methanation reaction and reverse water-gas shift reaction were 0.15 and 7.55 Ni atom^(-1) s^(-1),respectively.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U21A20149, 51878003, 51908378)Research Reserve of Anhui Jianzhu University (No.2022XMK01)Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation Team in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province(No. 2022AH010017)。
文摘This study aims to clarify the effects of curing regimes and lightweight aggregate(LWA)on the morphology, width and mechanical properties of the interfacial transition zone(ITZ) of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC), and provide reference for the selection of lightweight ultra-high performance concrete(L-UHPC) curing regimes and the pre-wetting degree LWA. The results show that, under the three curing regimes(standard curing, steam curing and autoclaved curing), LWA is tightly bound to the matrix without obvious boundaries. ITZ width increases with the water absorption of LWA and decreases with increasing curing temperature. The ITZ microhardness is the highest when water absorption is 3%, and the microhardness value is more stable with the distance from LWA. Steam and autoclaved curing increase ITZ microhardness compared to standard curing. As LWA pre-wetting and curing temperatures increase, the degree of hydration at the ITZ increases, generating high-density CSH(HD CSH) and ultra-high-density CSH(UHD CSH), and reducing unhydrated particles in ITZ. ITZ micro-mechanical properties are optimized due to hydration products being denser.
基金supported by the Henan College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202211070009 and 202211070016).
文摘Ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings have ultra-high melting points,excellent mechanical properties and high temperature ablation resistance.These unique performance combinations turn it into a promising material for use in extreme environment structures in rockets and hypersonic vehicles,particularly nozzles,leading edges and engine components.In this paper,various preparation methods of ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings were reviewed,including plasma spraying,chemical vapor deposition,pack cementation,slurry sintering,hot pressing and their research progress.Meanwhile,some new preparation methods of high temperature coatings,such as ion beam deposition,ultrasonic spraying,metal organic frame work coating,and magnetron sputtering,were introduced.The development trend of ultra-high temperature coatings was prospected as well.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish an uncertainty evaluation method for the determination of ethyl maltol by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(UPLC-MS).[Methods]A mathematical model of uncertainty was established by analyzing the method for determining ethyl maltol using UPLC-MS.The sources of uncertainty were analyzed,and the components of uncertainty were calculated to evaluate the expanded uncertainty of the method.[Results]When the content of ethyl maltol in edible vegetable oil was 1657μg/kg,the expanded uncertainty was 22.4μg/kg(K=2,P=95%).[Conclusions]The uncertainty in this evaluation model mainly came from standard solution preparation,sample weighing,dilution of sample to constant volume,standard curve fitting,and repeated measurement.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20140)the Independent Cultivation Program of Innovation Team of Ji'nan City(No.2019GXRC011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62001189)
文摘Although Zn metal has been regarded as the most promising anode for aqueous batteries,its practical application is still restricted by side reactions and dendrite growth.Herein,an in-situ solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film formed on the interface of electrode/electrolyte during the plating/stripping of zinc anodes by introducing trace amounts of multidentate ligand sodium diethyldithiocarbamate(DDTC)additive into 1 M ZnSO_(4).The synergistic effect of in-situ solid electrolyte interphase forming and chelate effect endows Zn^(2+)with uniform and rapid interface-diffusion kinetics against dendrite growth and surface side reactions.As a result,the Zn anode in 1 M ZnSO_(4)+DDTC electrolytes displays an ultra-high coulombic efficiency of 99.5%and cycling stability(more than 2000 h),especially at high current density(more than 600 cycles at 40 mA cm^(-2)).Moreover,the Zn//MnO_(2)full cells in the ZnSO_(4)+DDTC electrolyte exhibit outstanding cyclic stability(with 98.6%capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 10 C).This electrode/electrolyte interfacial chemistry modulated strategy provides new insight into enhancing zinc anode stability for high-performance aqueous zinc batteries.
文摘In this work,we reported a series of monolithic 3D-printed Ni-Mo alloy electrodes for highly efficient water splitting at high current density(1500 mA cm^(-2))with excellent stability,which provides a solution to scale up Ni-Mo catalysts for HER to industry use.All possible Ni-Mo metal/alloy phases were achieved by tuning the atomic composition and heat treatment procedure,and they were investigated through both experiment and simulation,and the optimal NiMo phase shows the best performance.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate that the NiMo phase has the lowest H2O dissociation energy,which further explains the exceptional performance of NiMo.In addition,the microporosity was modulated via controlled thermal treatment,indicating that the 1100℃sintered sample has the best catalytic performance,which is attributed to the high electrochemically active surface area(ECSA).Finally,the four different macrostructures were achieved by 3D printing,and they further improved the catalytic performance.The gyroid structure exhibits the best catalytic performance of driving 500 mA cm^(-2)at a low overpotential of 228 mV and 1500 mA cm^(-2)at 325 mV,as it maximizes the efficient bubble removal from the electrode surface,which offers the great potential for high current density water splitting.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3707700)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(21511104800)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172111)National Science and Technology Major Project(2017-IV-0005-0042)Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDRW-CN-2021-2-2)Science Center for Gas Turbine Project(P2022-B-IV-001-001)。
文摘ZrB_(2)-based ceramics typically necessitate high temperature and pressure for sintering,whereas ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramics can be fabricated at 1500℃using the process of reactive melt infiltration with Si.In comparison to the conventional preparation method,reactive synthesis allows for the more facile production of ultra-high temperature ceramics with fine particle size and homogeneous composition.In this work,ZrSi_(2),B4C,and C were used as raw materials to prepare ZrB_(2)-SiC via combination of tape casting and reactive melt infiltration herein referred to as ZBC ceramics.Control sample of ZrB_(2)-SiC was also prepared using ZrB_(2) and SiC as raw materials through an identical process designated as ZS ceramics.Microscopic analysis of both ceramic groups revealed smaller and more uniformly distributed particles of the ZrB_(2) phase in ZBC ceramics compared to the larger particles in ZS ceramics.Both sets of ceramics underwent cyclic oxidation testing in the air at 1600℃for a cumulative duration of 5 cycles,each cycle lasting 2 h.Analysis of the oxidation behavior showed that both ZBC ceramics and ZS ceramics developed a glassy SiO_(2)-ZrO_(2) oxide layer on their surfaces during the oxidation.This layer severed as a barrier against oxygen.In ZBC ceramics,ZrO_(2) is finely distributed in SiO_(2),whereas in ZS ceramics,larger ZrO_(2) particles coexist with glassy SiO_(2).The surface oxide layer of ZBC ceramics maintains a dense structure because the well-dispersed ZrO_(2) increases the viscosity of glassy SiO_(2),preventing its crystallization during the cooling.Conversely,some SiO_(2) in the oxide layer of ZS ceramics may crystallize and form a eutectic with ZrO_(2),leading to the formation of ZrSiO_(4).This leads to cracking of the oxide layer due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients,weakening its barrier effect.An analysis of the oxidation resistance shows that ZBC ceramics exhibit less increase in oxide layer thickness and mass compared to ZS ceramics,suggesting superior oxidation resistance of ZBC ceramics.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51875099)。
文摘Polymer matrix types of fiber hybrid composites are key factors to improve ballistic impact damage tolerances.Here we report ballistic penetration damages of Kevlar/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)hybrid composites with thermoplastic polyurethane(PU)matrix.The hybrid composites were penetrated by fragment-simulating projectiles(FSPs)using an air gun impact system.The effects of stacking sequences on the ballistic performance of hybrid composites were analyzed.Two types of specific energy absorption(the energy absorption per unit area density and the energy absorption per unit thickness)were investigated.It was found that the main damage modes of PU hybrid composites were fiber breakage,matrix damage,fiber pullout and interlayer delamination.The instantaneous deformation could not be used as a reference index for evaluating the ballistic performance of the target plate.The energy absorption process of the PU hybrid composites showed a nonlinear pattern.The hybrid structure affected the specific energy absorption of the materials.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52272100)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2022JJ30662)the Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory(No.WDZC20215250507).
文摘Carbide ceramic fibers are of significant importance for application in the high-tech areas of advanced aircraft engines,aerospace vehicles,and the nuclear industry due to their excellent properties,such as high tensile strength and elastic modulus,excellent high-temperature resistance,and oxidation resistance.This paper reviews the preparation and application of different carbide ceramic fibers,including SiC fibers and transition metal carbide(e.g.,ZrC,HfC,and TaC)ceramic fibers.The preparation methods of carbide ceramic fibers are discussed in terms of different fiber diameters,represented by SiC fibers with variable weaving properties and functions due to their differences in diameter.Subsequently,the application of carbide ceramic fibers as high-temperature-resistant structural materials,catalyst carriers,sensors,and supercapacitors are summarized,and strategies for the future development of carbide ceramic fibers are proposed.This review aims to help researchers enhance their understanding of the preparation and utilization of carbide ceramic micro/nanofibers,advancing the development of high-performance carbide ceramic fibers.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Dalian Customs(2022DK09).
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to establish an ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/linear ion trap complex mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists in animal derived food.[Methods]The samples were extracted with sodium carbonate buffer solution and ethyl acetate,and analyzed by mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography separation.[Results]Ten kinds ofα2-receptor agonists showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1-100μg/mL,with the average recovery of over 69%and the relative standard deviation less than 8.32%.The detection limit of 10 kinds of α_(2)-receptor agonists was up to 1μg/kg.[Conclusions]The method has good selectivity and strong anti-interference ability,and can meet the requirements of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists residues in animal derived food.
基金financial support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52108211)Hunan Provincial Department of Education(No.21B0188)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2022JJ40186)Water Resources Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province(No.XSKJ2023059-44).
文摘This paper explores the shrinkage of reinforced UHPC under high-temperature steam curing and natural curing conditions.The results are compared with the existing shrinkage prediction models.The results show that the maximum shrinkage strain of reinforced UHPC after steam curing is 164μεand gradually becomes zero.As for natural curing,the maximum shrinkage strain is 173μεand the value stabilizes on the 10th day after pouring.This indicated that steam curing can significantly reduce shrinkage time.Compared with the plain UHPC tested in the previous literature,the structural reinforcement can significantly inhibit the UHPC shrinkage and greatly reduce the risk of cracking due to shrinkage.By comparing the results in this paper with the existing models for predicting the shrinkage strain development,it is found that the formula recommended in the French UHPC structural and technical specification is suitable for the shrinkage curve in the present paper.
