[Objectives] Response surface analysis methodology was used to optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Mallotus apelta leaves. [Methods] The total flavonoids were extracted using ultrasonic assiste...[Objectives] Response surface analysis methodology was used to optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Mallotus apelta leaves. [Methods] The total flavonoids were extracted using ultrasonic assisted ethanol extraction,and extraction rate of total flavonoids was taken as evaluation index. On the basis of single-factor experiment,Box-Behnken response surface methodology was employed for selecting the optimum extraction process. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions of total flavonoids were as follows: 75% of ethanol concentration,1∶ 25 of ratio of material to liquid,31 min of ultrasonic time. Under these conditions,the extraction rate of total flavonoids was 1. 115%.[Conclusions] The extraction process obtained by response surface methodology was stable,reasonable,accurate and reliable. It was a feasible method to extract the total flavonoids from M. apelta leaves.展开更多
A method was developed for determination of 7 indictors the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residues in porphyra by gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detector (ECD). The PCBs were extracted with hexane/me...A method was developed for determination of 7 indictors the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residues in porphyra by gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detector (ECD). The PCBs were extracted with hexane/methylene chloride (1:1, v/v) by ultrasonic extraction and the samples were cleaned up by concentrated sulfuric acid and Alumina-N solid phase extraction cartridge. The analytes were quantified by an internal standard method. Under optimal experimental conditions, good linearity was observed in the range of 5 - 200 ng/mL and the correlation coefficients were 0.9994 - 0.9998. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for target analytes ranged from 6.0 to 10.0 μg/kg. At the spiked levels of 10, 50, 100 μg/kg, the average recoveries ranged from 90.9% to 102% with the relative standard deviations 2.12% - 6.32%. The result showed that the proposed method was rapid, and could be used for the determination of the PCBs in porphyra.展开更多
A method is developed for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in soil samples. Ultrasonic Wave Extraction under airtight circumstances is adopted to extract the analytes ...A method is developed for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in soil samples. Ultrasonic Wave Extraction under airtight circumstances is adopted to extract the analytes in soil samples with n-hexane–acetone(V:V=1:1) as extraction solvent. This method has several advantages, including high extraction efficiency, short time, convenience and simplicity. It can be used to detect polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in soil.展开更多
A rapid, cost effective and reliable analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four estrogens (17 β-estradiol, 17 α-ethinylestradiol, estrone, and estriol) in compost sample...A rapid, cost effective and reliable analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four estrogens (17 β-estradiol, 17 α-ethinylestradiol, estrone, and estriol) in compost samples from the biodegradation of biological infectious hazardous wastes. Ultrasonic solvent extraction, using methanol as extraction solvent, coupled with SPE clean-up, using cartridges HLB 60 mg - 6 ml Supelco®<sup></sup> and acetonitrile for reconstitution of eluents, was used for the simultaneous extraction of the four estrogens. Mean recoveries in the range of 98% - 107% were obtained. All compounds were separated in a single gradient run by UHPLC Kinetex<sup>TM</sup> 2.6 μm XB-C18 100 ÅLC (50 × 4.6 mm) column. Analytes were detected via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using an AB SCIEX API-5000TM triple quadrupole (Applied Biosystems/MDS SCIEX) with electrospray ionization in negative mode. Isocratic mobile phase of Water:ACN (50:50) resulted to be the optimum. Limits of detection and quantification were on the order of 0.66 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> and 2 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> for all the estrogens. These limits were lower than most of the values reported in the literature for similar matrices. Suitable level of linearity, good repeatability and reproducibility with coefficients of variation is lower than 11.7%, 6.8% and 8.3%, respectively.展开更多
[Objectives]To determine the optimum technological conditions of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ajuga ciliata Bunge.[Methods]In this study,Ajuga ciliata Bunge was used as raw material,and an or...[Objectives]To determine the optimum technological conditions of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ajuga ciliata Bunge.[Methods]In this study,Ajuga ciliata Bunge was used as raw material,and an orthogonal experiment was designed based on the single factor experiment to investigate the effects of ultrasonic time,solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic power on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian).Range analysis,variance analysis and SSR test of significant differences between groups were carried out with SPSS 20.0,and the test results were verified.[Results]Under the conditions of ultrasonic temperature of 85℃,ultrasonic time of 80 min,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶15 g/mL and ultrasonic power of 500 W,the yield of polysaccharides from A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian)was the best.[Conclusions]This study can provide theoretical basis for the application of A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian).展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction method of Impatiens balsamina L.(Tougucao),and to optimize the extraction process conditions and parameters.[Methods]Different ethanol concentrations,...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction method of Impatiens balsamina L.(Tougucao),and to optimize the extraction process conditions and parameters.[Methods]Different ethanol concentrations,ethanol amounts and extraction time were investigated by an orthogonal test L_(9)(3^(4))and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and the extraction process parameters were evaluated by the yield of extract and the content of quercetin.[Results]Under the three optimal extraction conditions of impregnation,heating reflux and ultrasound,the extract yield and quercetin contents of I.balsamina were 8.27%,9.50%,7.09%and 1.60,3.05,3.03μg/g,respectively.Heating reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction showed higher extract yields and quercetin contents of I.balsamina,while the values were lower under the impregnation extraction conditions.The primary and secondary factors were:ethanol amount(C)>ethanol concentration(A)>extraction time(B).The optimal extraction process of I.balsamina was as follows:adding 10 times of 60%ethanol and ultrasonically extracting for 30 min.[Conclusions]The method is simple,convenient,accurate and reliable,and provides a scientific basis for the research on the extraction process of I.balsamina and its preparations.展开更多
Objective:To optimize the technological conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu polysaccharides and increase the yield of polysaccharides.Methods:The polysaccharide was prepared by ...Objective:To optimize the technological conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu polysaccharides and increase the yield of polysaccharides.Methods:The polysaccharide was prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method,and the yield of polysaccharide was taken as an index.The effects of ultrasonic time,extraction times,ultrasonic temperature,and water-to-material ratio on polysaccharide yield were investigated through a single factor experiment.Combined experimental design and response surface analysis were used to optimize the extraction process of Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu polysaccharides.Results:The optimum conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction were determined as follows:extraction time of 29 min,three extraction times,water bath extraction temperature of 68℃,water-to-material ratio of 15:1;under these conditions,the polysaccharide yield was 10.69%.Conclusion:The results are close to the predicted values of the model.This optimization test is effective and feasible,and provides a reference for the related research of Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu.展开更多
[Objectives] The chlorogenic acid in Sambucus chinensis Lindl is a kind of biologically active substance with multiple pharmacological effects, but the content is relatively small. It is of great significance to find ...[Objectives] The chlorogenic acid in Sambucus chinensis Lindl is a kind of biologically active substance with multiple pharmacological effects, but the content is relatively small. It is of great significance to find the best extraction process. Therefore, we designed single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments to screen the best conditions for extracting chlorogenic acid from S. chinensis. [Methods] With ethanol concentration, ultrasonic power, and extraction time as three single factors, single factor experiments were performed on S. chinensis, and its chlorogenic acid content was calculated from a standard curve. The contents of chlorogenic acid obtained under various conditions were compared, and then, orthogonal experiments were designed according to the orthogonal table to analyze the optimal extraction conditions of chlorogenic acid. [Results] The optimal extraction conditions of chlorogenic acid for S. chinensis were: the ethanol concentration 60%, the ultrasonic power 36 W, and the extraction time 40 min.[Conclusions] The factor that had the greatest effect on the extraction rate of chlorogenic acid in S. chinensis was ethanol concentration, followed by extraction time, and the least influencing factor was ultrasonic power. With 60% ethanol solution serving as the extractant, the ultrasonic power of 36 W, and the extraction time of 40 min, a better extraction rate was obtained. These conditions can be used as the best extraction conditions for chlorogenic acid.展开更多
Ultrasonic extraction technique was used to extract perflurooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its salts from fluro-paints.The extract was quantified after filtration and concentration by gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) method ...Ultrasonic extraction technique was used to extract perflurooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its salts from fluro-paints.The extract was quantified after filtration and concentration by gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) method using perflurodecanoic acid methyl ester as an internal standard.The GC-MS conditions were: HP-Innowax capillary column; oven temperature,50℃(5 min)30℃/min240℃(5 min); splittless mode; injection volume,1μL; negative chemical ion source,reacting gas,CH4,20%; select ion scan mode (SIM);Line range was 1.0-1.0×105 μg/L; the correlation coefficient was 0.999; the low limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1 μg/L.The RSD was 4.24% and 3.58% respectively for low and high concentration of PFOA,and the average recovery was between 86%-111%.展开更多
[Objectives] To screen the optimal extraction conditions of flavonoids from leaves of Paliurus ramosissimus( Lour.) Poir.,measure the content of flavonoids in leaves of P. ramosissimus. using the Microplate Reader,and...[Objectives] To screen the optimal extraction conditions of flavonoids from leaves of Paliurus ramosissimus( Lour.) Poir.,measure the content of flavonoids in leaves of P. ramosissimus. using the Microplate Reader,and provide experimental basis for the development of medicinal resources of P. ramosissimus. [Methods] The ultrasonic extraction method was adopted and orthogonal design was carried out to study the effects of ethanol concentration( A),ultrasonic time( B),the solid-to-liquid ratio( C) on the extraction of flavonoids from leaves of P. ramosissimus. The Microplate Reader was used to measure the content of flavonoids in leaves of P. ramosissimus. in different extraction conditions,P. ramosissimus. and the optimal extraction conditions were used to measure the content of flavonoids from leaves of P. ramosissimus.[Results]Effects of the ultrasonic extraction method on the extraction rate of flavonoids from leaves of P. ramosissimus: extraction times >ethanol concentration > Ultrasound time > solid-liquid ratio. The screened optimal extraction process was: ethanol concentration of 65%,the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶ 25,ultrasonic time of 2 h and extraction times Under this condition,the extraction rate of total flavonoids in leaves of P. ramosissimus. was 2. 56%. [Conclusions] This method is simple and feasibility,reliable,and suitable for rapid measurement with large samples.展开更多
Oily sludge was recognized as a kind of hazardous wastes,so recycling its high content of petroleum hydrocarbons can contribute to the clean environment.In this study,oily sludge was subjected to continous ultrasonic ...Oily sludge was recognized as a kind of hazardous wastes,so recycling its high content of petroleum hydrocarbons can contribute to the clean environment.In this study,oily sludge was subjected to continous ultrasonic extraction with an acetone/carbon disulfide(CS2)mixture solvent.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIRS),gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),and Quadrupole exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(QPEOTMS)were used to analyze the oil phase compounds from oily sludge.The n-alkanes ranging from C8 to C31 hydrocarbons were detected in oil phase.Compared with the analysis results of GC/MS,more heteroatom-containing compounds(HACOCs)of oil phase such as O3,O4,N2Oo and N3Oo(o=0—3)could be detected by using the QPEOTMS analysis.Overall,these findings will potentially contribute to the clean and efficient utilization of oily sludge.展开更多
Chinese herbal flavonoids play a role in improving the health of aquatic animals and optimizing the quality of aquatic products.The efficient extraction of flavonoids is beneficial to deepening the application of flav...Chinese herbal flavonoids play a role in improving the health of aquatic animals and optimizing the quality of aquatic products.The efficient extraction of flavonoids is beneficial to deepening the application of flavonoids in aquatic products.To explore the optimal way of flavonoid extraction has become a hot research topic.In this study,based on temperature,ultrasonic power and extraction time,the best ways to extract flavonoids from four Chinese herbal medicines,purslane,Verbena,Fructus Amomi and Alpinia oxyphylla,were explored.Through single-factor and multi-factor optimization extraction,the most appropriate conditions for flavonoid extraction were obtained.The results showed that the best way of ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids was purslane at 40℃,300 W(400 W),Verbena at 70℃,400W,Fructus Amomi at 50℃,200 W,and A.oxyphylla at 40℃,400W,and 40 min.The results of orthogonal design showed that purslane could get 13.20 mg/g at 40℃,400 W and 50 min,Verbena could get 10.23 mg/g at 60℃,300 W and 30 min,Fructus Amomi could get 8.18 mg/g at 50℃,300 W and 60 min,and A.oxyphylla could get 7.31 mg/g at 30℃,300 W and 50 min.展开更多
A process for extraction of artemisinin(Ars)from Artemisia annua L.based on aqueous solution of cyclodextrin derivative under ultrasonic irradiation was proposed.Among the test additives,the system containing edible h...A process for extraction of artemisinin(Ars)from Artemisia annua L.based on aqueous solution of cyclodextrin derivative under ultrasonic irradiation was proposed.Among the test additives,the system containing edible hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HPBCD)was shown to be efficient for this extraction.The optimal extraction conditions were predicted by artificial neural network,under which the extraction amount of Ars could reach 8.66 mg per gram of the leaves,much higher than the value in water(1.70 mg g-1).Kinetics study indicated that HPBCD enhanced the equilibrium amount of Ars in water,and ultrasonic irradiation accelerated extraction rate and reduced the activation energy.Mechanism study showed that the formation of Ars-HPBCD complex during extraction enhanced the water solubility of Ars and facilitated the extraction,and the configuration of Ars-HPBCD complex was modeled by molecular docking,which was further verified by characterizations.This work provides a convenient way to fabricate the traditional tea-based medicament of natural drugs to make production of this famous antimalarial medicine cheaper.展开更多
基金Supported by the Program of Guilin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(20130403-4)Science and Technology Program of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Guangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(GZLC14-31)Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Plan Project of Autonomous District Level in 2017(201710601082)
文摘[Objectives] Response surface analysis methodology was used to optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Mallotus apelta leaves. [Methods] The total flavonoids were extracted using ultrasonic assisted ethanol extraction,and extraction rate of total flavonoids was taken as evaluation index. On the basis of single-factor experiment,Box-Behnken response surface methodology was employed for selecting the optimum extraction process. [Results]The optimum extraction conditions of total flavonoids were as follows: 75% of ethanol concentration,1∶ 25 of ratio of material to liquid,31 min of ultrasonic time. Under these conditions,the extraction rate of total flavonoids was 1. 115%.[Conclusions] The extraction process obtained by response surface methodology was stable,reasonable,accurate and reliable. It was a feasible method to extract the total flavonoids from M. apelta leaves.
文摘A method was developed for determination of 7 indictors the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residues in porphyra by gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detector (ECD). The PCBs were extracted with hexane/methylene chloride (1:1, v/v) by ultrasonic extraction and the samples were cleaned up by concentrated sulfuric acid and Alumina-N solid phase extraction cartridge. The analytes were quantified by an internal standard method. Under optimal experimental conditions, good linearity was observed in the range of 5 - 200 ng/mL and the correlation coefficients were 0.9994 - 0.9998. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for target analytes ranged from 6.0 to 10.0 μg/kg. At the spiked levels of 10, 50, 100 μg/kg, the average recoveries ranged from 90.9% to 102% with the relative standard deviations 2.12% - 6.32%. The result showed that the proposed method was rapid, and could be used for the determination of the PCBs in porphyra.
基金support from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (SK201204)
文摘A method is developed for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in soil samples. Ultrasonic Wave Extraction under airtight circumstances is adopted to extract the analytes in soil samples with n-hexane–acetone(V:V=1:1) as extraction solvent. This method has several advantages, including high extraction efficiency, short time, convenience and simplicity. It can be used to detect polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in soil.
文摘A rapid, cost effective and reliable analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four estrogens (17 β-estradiol, 17 α-ethinylestradiol, estrone, and estriol) in compost samples from the biodegradation of biological infectious hazardous wastes. Ultrasonic solvent extraction, using methanol as extraction solvent, coupled with SPE clean-up, using cartridges HLB 60 mg - 6 ml Supelco®<sup></sup> and acetonitrile for reconstitution of eluents, was used for the simultaneous extraction of the four estrogens. Mean recoveries in the range of 98% - 107% were obtained. All compounds were separated in a single gradient run by UHPLC Kinetex<sup>TM</sup> 2.6 μm XB-C18 100 ÅLC (50 × 4.6 mm) column. Analytes were detected via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using an AB SCIEX API-5000TM triple quadrupole (Applied Biosystems/MDS SCIEX) with electrospray ionization in negative mode. Isocratic mobile phase of Water:ACN (50:50) resulted to be the optimum. Limits of detection and quantification were on the order of 0.66 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> and 2 ng·g<sup>-1</sup> for all the estrogens. These limits were lower than most of the values reported in the literature for similar matrices. Suitable level of linearity, good repeatability and reproducibility with coefficients of variation is lower than 11.7%, 6.8% and 8.3%, respectively.
基金Supported by Fujian College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program in 2019(201912631026)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Xiamen Medical College(201812631052,201912631057).
文摘[Objectives]To determine the optimum technological conditions of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Ajuga ciliata Bunge.[Methods]In this study,Ajuga ciliata Bunge was used as raw material,and an orthogonal experiment was designed based on the single factor experiment to investigate the effects of ultrasonic time,solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic power on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian).Range analysis,variance analysis and SSR test of significant differences between groups were carried out with SPSS 20.0,and the test results were verified.[Results]Under the conditions of ultrasonic temperature of 85℃,ultrasonic time of 80 min,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶15 g/mL and ultrasonic power of 500 W,the yield of polysaccharides from A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian)was the best.[Conclusions]This study can provide theoretical basis for the application of A.ciliata Bunge(Fujian).
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine([2019]64)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction method of Impatiens balsamina L.(Tougucao),and to optimize the extraction process conditions and parameters.[Methods]Different ethanol concentrations,ethanol amounts and extraction time were investigated by an orthogonal test L_(9)(3^(4))and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and the extraction process parameters were evaluated by the yield of extract and the content of quercetin.[Results]Under the three optimal extraction conditions of impregnation,heating reflux and ultrasound,the extract yield and quercetin contents of I.balsamina were 8.27%,9.50%,7.09%and 1.60,3.05,3.03μg/g,respectively.Heating reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction showed higher extract yields and quercetin contents of I.balsamina,while the values were lower under the impregnation extraction conditions.The primary and secondary factors were:ethanol amount(C)>ethanol concentration(A)>extraction time(B).The optimal extraction process of I.balsamina was as follows:adding 10 times of 60%ethanol and ultrasonically extracting for 30 min.[Conclusions]The method is simple,convenient,accurate and reliable,and provides a scientific basis for the research on the extraction process of I.balsamina and its preparations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81660649)Hainan Medical College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(No.201811810007)。
文摘Objective:To optimize the technological conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu polysaccharides and increase the yield of polysaccharides.Methods:The polysaccharide was prepared by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method,and the yield of polysaccharide was taken as an index.The effects of ultrasonic time,extraction times,ultrasonic temperature,and water-to-material ratio on polysaccharide yield were investigated through a single factor experiment.Combined experimental design and response surface analysis were used to optimize the extraction process of Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu polysaccharides.Results:The optimum conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction were determined as follows:extraction time of 29 min,three extraction times,water bath extraction temperature of 68℃,water-to-material ratio of 15:1;under these conditions,the polysaccharide yield was 10.69%.Conclusion:The results are close to the predicted values of the model.This optimization test is effective and feasible,and provides a reference for the related research of Amomum longiligulare T.L.Wu.
文摘[Objectives] The chlorogenic acid in Sambucus chinensis Lindl is a kind of biologically active substance with multiple pharmacological effects, but the content is relatively small. It is of great significance to find the best extraction process. Therefore, we designed single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments to screen the best conditions for extracting chlorogenic acid from S. chinensis. [Methods] With ethanol concentration, ultrasonic power, and extraction time as three single factors, single factor experiments were performed on S. chinensis, and its chlorogenic acid content was calculated from a standard curve. The contents of chlorogenic acid obtained under various conditions were compared, and then, orthogonal experiments were designed according to the orthogonal table to analyze the optimal extraction conditions of chlorogenic acid. [Results] The optimal extraction conditions of chlorogenic acid for S. chinensis were: the ethanol concentration 60%, the ultrasonic power 36 W, and the extraction time 40 min.[Conclusions] The factor that had the greatest effect on the extraction rate of chlorogenic acid in S. chinensis was ethanol concentration, followed by extraction time, and the least influencing factor was ultrasonic power. With 60% ethanol solution serving as the extractant, the ultrasonic power of 36 W, and the extraction time of 40 min, a better extraction rate was obtained. These conditions can be used as the best extraction conditions for chlorogenic acid.
文摘Ultrasonic extraction technique was used to extract perflurooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its salts from fluro-paints.The extract was quantified after filtration and concentration by gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) method using perflurodecanoic acid methyl ester as an internal standard.The GC-MS conditions were: HP-Innowax capillary column; oven temperature,50℃(5 min)30℃/min240℃(5 min); splittless mode; injection volume,1μL; negative chemical ion source,reacting gas,CH4,20%; select ion scan mode (SIM);Line range was 1.0-1.0×105 μg/L; the correlation coefficient was 0.999; the low limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1 μg/L.The RSD was 4.24% and 3.58% respectively for low and high concentration of PFOA,and the average recovery was between 86%-111%.
基金Supported by Project of Sichuan Provincial Health Department(120385)Project of Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department(14JC0137)Project of Luzhou City Department of Science and Technology(2015LZCYDS09(2/8))
文摘[Objectives] To screen the optimal extraction conditions of flavonoids from leaves of Paliurus ramosissimus( Lour.) Poir.,measure the content of flavonoids in leaves of P. ramosissimus. using the Microplate Reader,and provide experimental basis for the development of medicinal resources of P. ramosissimus. [Methods] The ultrasonic extraction method was adopted and orthogonal design was carried out to study the effects of ethanol concentration( A),ultrasonic time( B),the solid-to-liquid ratio( C) on the extraction of flavonoids from leaves of P. ramosissimus. The Microplate Reader was used to measure the content of flavonoids in leaves of P. ramosissimus. in different extraction conditions,P. ramosissimus. and the optimal extraction conditions were used to measure the content of flavonoids from leaves of P. ramosissimus.[Results]Effects of the ultrasonic extraction method on the extraction rate of flavonoids from leaves of P. ramosissimus: extraction times >ethanol concentration > Ultrasound time > solid-liquid ratio. The screened optimal extraction process was: ethanol concentration of 65%,the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶ 25,ultrasonic time of 2 h and extraction times Under this condition,the extraction rate of total flavonoids in leaves of P. ramosissimus. was 2. 56%. [Conclusions] This method is simple and feasibility,reliable,and suitable for rapid measurement with large samples.
基金This work was supported by the Future Scientists Program of China University of Mining and Technology(2020WLKXJ019).
文摘Oily sludge was recognized as a kind of hazardous wastes,so recycling its high content of petroleum hydrocarbons can contribute to the clean environment.In this study,oily sludge was subjected to continous ultrasonic extraction with an acetone/carbon disulfide(CS2)mixture solvent.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIRS),gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),and Quadrupole exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry(QPEOTMS)were used to analyze the oil phase compounds from oily sludge.The n-alkanes ranging from C8 to C31 hydrocarbons were detected in oil phase.Compared with the analysis results of GC/MS,more heteroatom-containing compounds(HACOCs)of oil phase such as O3,O4,N2Oo and N3Oo(o=0—3)could be detected by using the QPEOTMS analysis.Overall,these findings will potentially contribute to the clean and efficient utilization of oily sludge.
基金Supported by High-level Talents Project of Hainan Province(No.2019RC246)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(No.20163074,No.20163071)"Ichthyology"First-Class Undergraduate Course Construction Project of Hainan Province.
文摘Chinese herbal flavonoids play a role in improving the health of aquatic animals and optimizing the quality of aquatic products.The efficient extraction of flavonoids is beneficial to deepening the application of flavonoids in aquatic products.To explore the optimal way of flavonoid extraction has become a hot research topic.In this study,based on temperature,ultrasonic power and extraction time,the best ways to extract flavonoids from four Chinese herbal medicines,purslane,Verbena,Fructus Amomi and Alpinia oxyphylla,were explored.Through single-factor and multi-factor optimization extraction,the most appropriate conditions for flavonoid extraction were obtained.The results showed that the best way of ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids was purslane at 40℃,300 W(400 W),Verbena at 70℃,400W,Fructus Amomi at 50℃,200 W,and A.oxyphylla at 40℃,400W,and 40 min.The results of orthogonal design showed that purslane could get 13.20 mg/g at 40℃,400 W and 50 min,Verbena could get 10.23 mg/g at 60℃,300 W and 30 min,Fructus Amomi could get 8.18 mg/g at 50℃,300 W and 60 min,and A.oxyphylla could get 7.31 mg/g at 30℃,300 W and 50 min.
基金supported by Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.IAGM-2019-A12)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078324)CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program,and K.C.Wong Education Foundation(No.GJTD-2018-04).
文摘A process for extraction of artemisinin(Ars)from Artemisia annua L.based on aqueous solution of cyclodextrin derivative under ultrasonic irradiation was proposed.Among the test additives,the system containing edible hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HPBCD)was shown to be efficient for this extraction.The optimal extraction conditions were predicted by artificial neural network,under which the extraction amount of Ars could reach 8.66 mg per gram of the leaves,much higher than the value in water(1.70 mg g-1).Kinetics study indicated that HPBCD enhanced the equilibrium amount of Ars in water,and ultrasonic irradiation accelerated extraction rate and reduced the activation energy.Mechanism study showed that the formation of Ars-HPBCD complex during extraction enhanced the water solubility of Ars and facilitated the extraction,and the configuration of Ars-HPBCD complex was modeled by molecular docking,which was further verified by characterizations.This work provides a convenient way to fabricate the traditional tea-based medicament of natural drugs to make production of this famous antimalarial medicine cheaper.
