BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a major cause of unexpected and perioperative in-hospital deaths.It is characterized by high morbidity,high mortality,high misdiagnosis rate,and high missed diagnosis rates.VTE...BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a major cause of unexpected and perioperative in-hospital deaths.It is characterized by high morbidity,high mortality,high misdiagnosis rate,and high missed diagnosis rates.VTE is a common postoperative complication in cancer patients.VTE is preventable,and early identification of risk factors leading to VTE and appropriate early preventive actions can reduce its occurrence and mortality.Presently,there is no uniform standard for the prevention and control of VTE in clinical practice,and hospitals in China lack mature and effective protocols for the assessment,prevention,and treatment of VTE.AIM To explore whether an early warning program could influence the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)postoperatively.METHODS This is a comparative retrospective cohort study,which enrolled patients who underwent laparotomic or laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor resection for gastrointestinal cancer between January 2016 and December 2019.Patients were divided into a control group and an early warning group depending on whether or not the early warning program was implemented.A venous thromboembolism prevention and control team was established.The outcomes included the occurrence of DVT,the correct rate of VTE assessment,the coagulation indicators,and the mastery of VTE knowledge by the nurses.RESULTS A total of 264 patients were included in this study,with 128 patients in the control group and 136 patients in the early warning group.The occurrence rate of DVT in the early warning group was 6.6%(9/136),compared with 14.1%(18/128)in the control group(P<0.05).The correct rates of VTE risk assessment by the nurses and standard implementation rate of VTE preventive measures were 86.8%vs 65.6%and 80.2%vs 57.8%in early warning and control groups,respectively(all P<0.001).The independent factors associated with postoperative DVT occurrence were age(OR=1.083,95%CI:1.070-3.265,P=0.032),Hyperlipidemia(OR=1.127,95%CI:1.139-2.564,P=0.042),preoperative high VTE risk(OR=2.131,95%CI:1.085-5.178,P=0.001),time of operation(OR=2.268,95%CI:2.005-5.546,P=0.026)and not adoption of early warning prevention(OR=3.747,95%CI:1.523-6.956,P=0.017).CONCLUSION The early warning strategy was independently associated with the decreasing occurrence of VTE,and it might be suitable for protection from VTE in patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery.展开更多
The prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) have become the key content of medical care and have become the core improvement goal of nursing quality control. However, the pre...The prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) have become the key content of medical care and have become the core improvement goal of nursing quality control. However, the prevention and control status of CLABSI in hospitals of different grades in Guangxi is not clear. In this study, we aim to investigate central venous catheter (CVC) placement and disinfectant use in second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi. This survey was conducted on the second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi, China from 13th April 2021 to 19th April 2021. The results show that a total of 283 questionnaires were collected, including 206 secondary hospitals and 77 tertiary hospitals. In terms of the CVC, tertiary hospitals were able to place CVC entirely under the guidance of B-ultrasound, which was 24 (31.6%) and secondary hospitals were 26 (20.6%). In secondary hospitals, Most CVC placements were performed in operating rooms 94 (74.6%) and 65 (85.5%) on the third level hospital, but 32.5% of secondary hospitals and 48.7% of tertiary hospitals were selected at the bedside of patients in general wards, and 27.8% of the second-level hospital, 43.4% of third-level hospitals was done in general ward treatment rooms, only 61.9% of secondary hospitals and 64.5% of tertiary hospitals could fully achieve the maximum sterile barrier. In terms of skin disinfectants, only 36.0% of tertiary hospitals and 16.4% of second-level CVC-operators chose > 0.5% chlorhexidine alcohol. In conclusion, the prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi are not ideal. The prevention and control department should increase training, implement guidelines and standardize management to reduce the incidence of CLABSI.展开更多
Obesity has emerged as a global health issue that is associated with wide spectrum of disorders, including coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE is one...Obesity has emerged as a global health issue that is associated with wide spectrum of disorders, including coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE is one of the most common vascular disorders in the United States and Europe and is associated with significant mortality. Although the association between obesity and VTE appears to be moderate, obesity can interact with other environmental or genetic factors and pose a significantly greater risk of VTE among individuals who are obese and who are exposed simultaneously to several other risk factors for VTE. Therefore, identification of potential interactions between obesity and certain VTE risk factors might offer some critical points for VTE interventions and thus minimize VTE morbidity and mortality among patients who are obese. However, current obesity measurements have limitations and can introduce contradictory results in the outcome of obesity. To overcome these limitations, this review proposes several future directions and suggests some avenues for prevention of VTE associated with obesity as well.展开更多
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication seen during or after hospitalization that manifests as deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE). PE is considered the commonest prev...Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication seen during or after hospitalization that manifests as deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE). PE is considered the commonest preventable cause of death during and/or after hospitalization. Thus, pharmacological and mechanical methods are used to prevent VTE in hospitalized patients. Despite the availability of guidelines for VTE prophylaxis, it is crucial to assess the adherence and adaptation of the institution to these guidelines. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate adherence to the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) 2012 VTE prophylaxis guidelines in hospitalized medical patients in a tertiary care hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: An observational prospective design was utilized in this study. To achieve the purpose, primary and secondary end points were identified to be the core of the investigation. The primary end points were: the incidence of bleeding, VTE, and cardiovascular events. While the secondary end points were: dose and indication validity for prophylaxis, VTE and bleeding risk assessments, adverse drug events (ADE) other than bleeding, appropriate monitoring when on low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and the presence of contraindication at the time of prescribing LMWH. Results: 16 patients (20%) out of the total 80 met one or more of the primary end points. The vast majority of patients (81.25%) developed bleeding, while VTE was seen in one case only during hospitalization. 11 patients (13.75%) received LMWH while a contraindication was present. 15 patients (18.75%) who were prescribed LMWH had an International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE) bleeding risk score of ≥7. However, 5 out of 13 patients (38.46%) who developed bleeding had a bleeding score of ≥7, and the relationship between bleeding score of ≥7 and the development of bleeding was statistically significant (p = 0.047). When investigating the doses that were utilized, 40% were prescribed an inappropriate dose. Conclusion: Various factors played a role in the inappropriateness of VTE prophylaxis such as;poor adherence to VTE guidelines, inappropriate dosing and monitoring, and not evaluating the bleeding risk. Hence, to be able to achieve effective VTE prophylaxis, these factors need to be addressed through adherence to and adaptation of the ACCP 2012 VTE prophylaxis guidelines.展开更多
Aims:Splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization is one of the important methods to treat hypersplenism,gastrointestinal bleeding,and other complications caused by liver cirrhosis;however,it is accompanied...Aims:Splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization is one of the important methods to treat hypersplenism,gastrointestinal bleeding,and other complications caused by liver cirrhosis;however,it is accompanied by a high risk of portal vein thrombosis(PVT).This study aimed to explore the preventive and therapeutic effects of proximal splenic vein ligation(PSVL)with postoperative transcatheter anticoagulant therapy(TCAT)on PVT.Methods:This study retrospectively selected 143 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension,who received splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization from June 30,2018 to June 30,2021.According to computed tomography photography,within 1 week before the operation,the patients were divided into a prevention group(without preoperative PVT,n=112)and a treatment group(preoperative PVT,n=31).Then,each group was subdivided based on the treatment and prevention measures into PSVL+TCAT(n=70)and systemic anticoagulant therapy(SAT)subgroups(n=73).The preventive and therapeutic effects of PSVL followed by TCAT on PVT were analyzed.Results:The operation time in the PSVL+TCAT subgroups was longer than that in the SAT subgroups(185±76 min vs.161±55 min;p<0.01).There was no difference between the two subgroups in terms of operative bleeding(345±82 mL vs.336±65 mL;p>0.50).There was no operative death,and all patients recovered uneventfully.In the prevention group,procedure-related complications occurred in two patients in the PSVL+TCAT subgroup(3.7%[2/54]),including one patient with slight pancreatitis and one patient with chylous leakage,owing to mobilization of the pancreas.The PVT incidence in the prevention group was significantly different between the two subgroups at postoperative 7th day,3rd month,and 6th month(PSVL+TCAT:0%,11.1%,and 5.6%vs.SAT:39.7%,31.0%,and 20.7%,respectively;all p<0.05).In the treatment group,the thrombus regression rate at postoperative 7th day and disappearance rates at the 3rd month and the 6th month of the PSVL+TCAT subgroup were significantly higher than those in the SAT subgroup after anticoagulant and thrombolysis therapy(PSVL+TCAT:75.0%,68.8%,and 87.5%vs.SAT:20.0%,26.7%,and 40.0%;all p<0.05).Conclusions:PSVL+TCAT reduces the risk of PVT after splenectomy and is safe and effective in treating PVT during surgery for portal hypertension.展开更多
目的检索、评价并整合外科手术患者术中深静脉血栓(DVT)预防的最佳证据,为手术室临床护理实践提供参考。方法根据PIPOST模型确立循证护理问题,按照证据的“6S”金字塔模型,自上而下系统检索美国国立指南库、国际指南协作网、苏格兰院际...目的检索、评价并整合外科手术患者术中深静脉血栓(DVT)预防的最佳证据,为手术室临床护理实践提供参考。方法根据PIPOST模型确立循证护理问题,按照证据的“6S”金字塔模型,自上而下系统检索美国国立指南库、国际指南协作网、苏格兰院际指南网、医脉通、Cochrane Library、JBI循证资源数据库、美国胸科医师协会、美国血液协会、美国围手术期注册护士协会、欧洲麻醉学会、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、英国国家健康和护理卓越研究所、PubMed、Web of Science核心合集数据库、Medline、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台等数据库中关于手术室患者术中预防DVT的所有证据,包括临床决策、指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统评价及meta分析,检索时间为2012年1月至2023年12月,对符合标准的文献进行质量评价、证据提取和分级。结果研究共纳入12篇文献,其中包括指南5篇、专家共识4篇、系统评价1篇、证据总结2篇,从多学科团队协作、术前评估、术中麻醉管理、术中基础预防、专科预防、术中机械预防、术中药物预防、监测与交接8个方面,总结、归纳出28条最佳证据。结论外科手术患者术中DVT的预防需要多学科共同协作,证据应用过程中需要结合科室和患者的具体情况,审慎地将证据应用于临床,降低患者术中DVT发生率,提升临床护理质量。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a major cause of unexpected and perioperative in-hospital deaths.It is characterized by high morbidity,high mortality,high misdiagnosis rate,and high missed diagnosis rates.VTE is a common postoperative complication in cancer patients.VTE is preventable,and early identification of risk factors leading to VTE and appropriate early preventive actions can reduce its occurrence and mortality.Presently,there is no uniform standard for the prevention and control of VTE in clinical practice,and hospitals in China lack mature and effective protocols for the assessment,prevention,and treatment of VTE.AIM To explore whether an early warning program could influence the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)postoperatively.METHODS This is a comparative retrospective cohort study,which enrolled patients who underwent laparotomic or laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor resection for gastrointestinal cancer between January 2016 and December 2019.Patients were divided into a control group and an early warning group depending on whether or not the early warning program was implemented.A venous thromboembolism prevention and control team was established.The outcomes included the occurrence of DVT,the correct rate of VTE assessment,the coagulation indicators,and the mastery of VTE knowledge by the nurses.RESULTS A total of 264 patients were included in this study,with 128 patients in the control group and 136 patients in the early warning group.The occurrence rate of DVT in the early warning group was 6.6%(9/136),compared with 14.1%(18/128)in the control group(P<0.05).The correct rates of VTE risk assessment by the nurses and standard implementation rate of VTE preventive measures were 86.8%vs 65.6%and 80.2%vs 57.8%in early warning and control groups,respectively(all P<0.001).The independent factors associated with postoperative DVT occurrence were age(OR=1.083,95%CI:1.070-3.265,P=0.032),Hyperlipidemia(OR=1.127,95%CI:1.139-2.564,P=0.042),preoperative high VTE risk(OR=2.131,95%CI:1.085-5.178,P=0.001),time of operation(OR=2.268,95%CI:2.005-5.546,P=0.026)and not adoption of early warning prevention(OR=3.747,95%CI:1.523-6.956,P=0.017).CONCLUSION The early warning strategy was independently associated with the decreasing occurrence of VTE,and it might be suitable for protection from VTE in patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery.
文摘The prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) have become the key content of medical care and have become the core improvement goal of nursing quality control. However, the prevention and control status of CLABSI in hospitals of different grades in Guangxi is not clear. In this study, we aim to investigate central venous catheter (CVC) placement and disinfectant use in second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi. This survey was conducted on the second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi, China from 13th April 2021 to 19th April 2021. The results show that a total of 283 questionnaires were collected, including 206 secondary hospitals and 77 tertiary hospitals. In terms of the CVC, tertiary hospitals were able to place CVC entirely under the guidance of B-ultrasound, which was 24 (31.6%) and secondary hospitals were 26 (20.6%). In secondary hospitals, Most CVC placements were performed in operating rooms 94 (74.6%) and 65 (85.5%) on the third level hospital, but 32.5% of secondary hospitals and 48.7% of tertiary hospitals were selected at the bedside of patients in general wards, and 27.8% of the second-level hospital, 43.4% of third-level hospitals was done in general ward treatment rooms, only 61.9% of secondary hospitals and 64.5% of tertiary hospitals could fully achieve the maximum sterile barrier. In terms of skin disinfectants, only 36.0% of tertiary hospitals and 16.4% of second-level CVC-operators chose > 0.5% chlorhexidine alcohol. In conclusion, the prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi are not ideal. The prevention and control department should increase training, implement guidelines and standardize management to reduce the incidence of CLABSI.
文摘Obesity has emerged as a global health issue that is associated with wide spectrum of disorders, including coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE is one of the most common vascular disorders in the United States and Europe and is associated with significant mortality. Although the association between obesity and VTE appears to be moderate, obesity can interact with other environmental or genetic factors and pose a significantly greater risk of VTE among individuals who are obese and who are exposed simultaneously to several other risk factors for VTE. Therefore, identification of potential interactions between obesity and certain VTE risk factors might offer some critical points for VTE interventions and thus minimize VTE morbidity and mortality among patients who are obese. However, current obesity measurements have limitations and can introduce contradictory results in the outcome of obesity. To overcome these limitations, this review proposes several future directions and suggests some avenues for prevention of VTE associated with obesity as well.
文摘Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication seen during or after hospitalization that manifests as deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE). PE is considered the commonest preventable cause of death during and/or after hospitalization. Thus, pharmacological and mechanical methods are used to prevent VTE in hospitalized patients. Despite the availability of guidelines for VTE prophylaxis, it is crucial to assess the adherence and adaptation of the institution to these guidelines. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate adherence to the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) 2012 VTE prophylaxis guidelines in hospitalized medical patients in a tertiary care hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: An observational prospective design was utilized in this study. To achieve the purpose, primary and secondary end points were identified to be the core of the investigation. The primary end points were: the incidence of bleeding, VTE, and cardiovascular events. While the secondary end points were: dose and indication validity for prophylaxis, VTE and bleeding risk assessments, adverse drug events (ADE) other than bleeding, appropriate monitoring when on low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and the presence of contraindication at the time of prescribing LMWH. Results: 16 patients (20%) out of the total 80 met one or more of the primary end points. The vast majority of patients (81.25%) developed bleeding, while VTE was seen in one case only during hospitalization. 11 patients (13.75%) received LMWH while a contraindication was present. 15 patients (18.75%) who were prescribed LMWH had an International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE) bleeding risk score of ≥7. However, 5 out of 13 patients (38.46%) who developed bleeding had a bleeding score of ≥7, and the relationship between bleeding score of ≥7 and the development of bleeding was statistically significant (p = 0.047). When investigating the doses that were utilized, 40% were prescribed an inappropriate dose. Conclusion: Various factors played a role in the inappropriateness of VTE prophylaxis such as;poor adherence to VTE guidelines, inappropriate dosing and monitoring, and not evaluating the bleeding risk. Hence, to be able to achieve effective VTE prophylaxis, these factors need to be addressed through adherence to and adaptation of the ACCP 2012 VTE prophylaxis guidelines.
基金funded by the Major Research&Development Program of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (2022BEG02038)the Technology Benefit Project of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (2021CMG03017).
文摘Aims:Splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization is one of the important methods to treat hypersplenism,gastrointestinal bleeding,and other complications caused by liver cirrhosis;however,it is accompanied by a high risk of portal vein thrombosis(PVT).This study aimed to explore the preventive and therapeutic effects of proximal splenic vein ligation(PSVL)with postoperative transcatheter anticoagulant therapy(TCAT)on PVT.Methods:This study retrospectively selected 143 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension,who received splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization from June 30,2018 to June 30,2021.According to computed tomography photography,within 1 week before the operation,the patients were divided into a prevention group(without preoperative PVT,n=112)and a treatment group(preoperative PVT,n=31).Then,each group was subdivided based on the treatment and prevention measures into PSVL+TCAT(n=70)and systemic anticoagulant therapy(SAT)subgroups(n=73).The preventive and therapeutic effects of PSVL followed by TCAT on PVT were analyzed.Results:The operation time in the PSVL+TCAT subgroups was longer than that in the SAT subgroups(185±76 min vs.161±55 min;p<0.01).There was no difference between the two subgroups in terms of operative bleeding(345±82 mL vs.336±65 mL;p>0.50).There was no operative death,and all patients recovered uneventfully.In the prevention group,procedure-related complications occurred in two patients in the PSVL+TCAT subgroup(3.7%[2/54]),including one patient with slight pancreatitis and one patient with chylous leakage,owing to mobilization of the pancreas.The PVT incidence in the prevention group was significantly different between the two subgroups at postoperative 7th day,3rd month,and 6th month(PSVL+TCAT:0%,11.1%,and 5.6%vs.SAT:39.7%,31.0%,and 20.7%,respectively;all p<0.05).In the treatment group,the thrombus regression rate at postoperative 7th day and disappearance rates at the 3rd month and the 6th month of the PSVL+TCAT subgroup were significantly higher than those in the SAT subgroup after anticoagulant and thrombolysis therapy(PSVL+TCAT:75.0%,68.8%,and 87.5%vs.SAT:20.0%,26.7%,and 40.0%;all p<0.05).Conclusions:PSVL+TCAT reduces the risk of PVT after splenectomy and is safe and effective in treating PVT during surgery for portal hypertension.
文摘目的检索、评价并整合外科手术患者术中深静脉血栓(DVT)预防的最佳证据,为手术室临床护理实践提供参考。方法根据PIPOST模型确立循证护理问题,按照证据的“6S”金字塔模型,自上而下系统检索美国国立指南库、国际指南协作网、苏格兰院际指南网、医脉通、Cochrane Library、JBI循证资源数据库、美国胸科医师协会、美国血液协会、美国围手术期注册护士协会、欧洲麻醉学会、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、英国国家健康和护理卓越研究所、PubMed、Web of Science核心合集数据库、Medline、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台等数据库中关于手术室患者术中预防DVT的所有证据,包括临床决策、指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统评价及meta分析,检索时间为2012年1月至2023年12月,对符合标准的文献进行质量评价、证据提取和分级。结果研究共纳入12篇文献,其中包括指南5篇、专家共识4篇、系统评价1篇、证据总结2篇,从多学科团队协作、术前评估、术中麻醉管理、术中基础预防、专科预防、术中机械预防、术中药物预防、监测与交接8个方面,总结、归纳出28条最佳证据。结论外科手术患者术中DVT的预防需要多学科共同协作,证据应用过程中需要结合科室和患者的具体情况,审慎地将证据应用于临床,降低患者术中DVT发生率,提升临床护理质量。
