This paper presents a design of new type of multi-parameter wearable medical devices signal processing platform. The signal processing algorithm has a QRS-wave detection algorithm based on LADT, wavelet transformation...This paper presents a design of new type of multi-parameter wearable medical devices signal processing platform. The signal processing algorithm has a QRS-wave detection algorithm based on LADT, wavelet transformation and threshold detection with TMS320VC5509 DSP system. The DSP can greatly increase the speed of QRS-wave detection, and the results can be practical used for multi-parameter wearable device detection of abnormal ECG.展开更多
Electronic skin and flexible wearable devices have attracted tremendous attention in the fields of human-machine interaction,energy storage,and intelligent robots.As a prevailing flexible pressure sensor with high per...Electronic skin and flexible wearable devices have attracted tremendous attention in the fields of human-machine interaction,energy storage,and intelligent robots.As a prevailing flexible pressure sensor with high performance,the piezoresistive sensor is believed to be one of the fundamental components of intelligent tactile skin.Furthermore,graphene can be used as a building block for highly flexible and wearable piezoresistive sensors owing to its light weight,high electrical conductivity,and excellent mechanical.This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in graphene-based piezoresistive sensors,which we systematically classify as various configurations including one-dimensional fiber,two-dimensional thin film,and threedimensional foam geometries,followed by examples of practical applications for health monitoring,human motion sensing,multifunctional sensing,and system integration.We also present the sensing mechanisms and evaluation parameters of piezoresistive sensors.This review delivers broad insights on existing graphene-based piezoresistive sensors and challenges for the future generation of high-performance,multifunctional sensors in various applications.展开更多
With the advancement of deep learning and neural networks,the computational demands for applications in wearable devices have grown exponentially.However,wearable devices also have strict requirements for long battery...With the advancement of deep learning and neural networks,the computational demands for applications in wearable devices have grown exponentially.However,wearable devices also have strict requirements for long battery life,low power consumption,and compact size.In this work,we propose a scalable optoelectronic computing system based on an integrated optical convolution acceleration core.This system enables high-precision computation at the speed of light,achieving 7-bit accuracy while maintaining extremely low power consumption.It also demonstrates peak throughput of 3.2 TOPS(tera operations per second)in parallel processing.We have successfully demonstrated image convolution and the typical application of an interactive first-person perspective gesture recognition application based on depth information.The system achieves a comparable recognition accuracy to traditional electronic computation in all blind tests.展开更多
Objective To study the patent situation of medical device industry in China based on patent data.Methods The analysis function of the patent search software incoPat was used to analyze the patent situation from two pe...Objective To study the patent situation of medical device industry in China based on patent data.Methods The analysis function of the patent search software incoPat was used to analyze the patent situation from two perspectives:The overall situation and the technical level.Results and Conclusion At present,China’s medical device industry is developing rapidly under the leadership of enterprises as the main body of innovation,but only 16%of patents are authorized.In addition,the technology distribution of medical device industry is mainly related to diagnostic,surgical and identification medical devices and implantable devices,accounting for 59%of the main technology distribution,and their technical effects are mainly related to improving convenience,reducing complexity,and improving safety.The quality of patents related to medical device industry in China is low,the technology distribution is not rich enough,and the level of technical efficacy is low.展开更多
Health is an inevitable demand to promote people's all-round development and to make foundation for economic and social development. Health and longevity of citizens is not only important symbols of national devel...Health is an inevitable demand to promote people's all-round development and to make foundation for economic and social development. Health and longevity of citizens is not only important symbols of national development and prosperity but also the common wish of the Chinese people. Actually,smart wearable technology is an emerging one and the application of some smart wearable devices such as health watch is the most promising one in the health industry. As new psychotherapy,cognitive behavioral therapy( CBT) can change the poor awareness by means of changing one's way of thinking,thus eliminating the unhealthy emotions and behaviors. In terms of health management,CBT enjoys such advantages as guidance,motivation,integrity and short therapy time. This paper introduces the improvement of smart wearable device guided by professional health management solutions on individual health by taking Philips health watch as an example,and the users can therefrom get full understanding of the relationship between smart wearable devices and health,thus improving their individual health.展开更多
Medical devices are a major component of precision medicine and play a key role in medical treatment,particularly with the rapid development of minimally invasive surgery and wearable devices.Their tissue contact prop...Medical devices are a major component of precision medicine and play a key role in medical treatment,particularly with the rapid development of minimally invasive surgery and wearable devices.Their tissue contact properties strongly affect device performance and patient health(e.g.,heat coagulation and slipperiness on surgical graspers).However,the design and optimization of these device surfaces are still indistinct and have no supporting principles.Under such conditions,natural surfaces with various unique functions can provide solutions.This review summarizes the current progress in natural functional surfaces for medical devices,including ultra-slipperiness and strong wet attachment.The underlying mechanisms of these surfaces are attributed to their coupling effects and featured micronano structures.Depending on various medical requirements,adaptable designs and fabrication methods have been developed.Additionally,various medical device surfaces have been validated to achieve enhanced contact properties.Based on these studies,a more promising future for medical devices can be achieved for enhanced precision medicine and human health.展开更多
Arrhythmias are very common in the healthy populations as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases.Among them,atrial fibrillation(AF)and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are usually associated with some clinical...Arrhythmias are very common in the healthy populations as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases.Among them,atrial fibrillation(AF)and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are usually associated with some clinical events.Early diagnosis of arrhythmias,particularly AF and ventricular arrhythmias,is very important for the treatment and prognosis of patients.Holter is a gold standard commonly recommended for noninvasive detection of paroxysmal arrhythmia.However,it has some shortcomings such as fixed detection timings,delayed report and inability of remote real-time detection.To deal with such problems,we designed and applied a new wearable 72-hour triple-lead H3-electrocardiogram(ECG)device with a remote cloud-based ECG platform and an expertsupporting system.In this study,31 patients were recruited and 24-hour synchronous ECG data by H3-ECG and Holter were recorded.In the H3-ECG group,ECG signals were transmitted using remote real-time modes,and confirmed reports were made by doctors in the remote expert-supporting system,while the traditional modes and detection systems were used in the Holter group.The results showed no significant differences between the two groups in 24-hour total heart rate(HR),averaged HR,maximum HR,minimum HR,premature atrial complexes(PACs)and premature ventricular complexes(PVCs)(P>0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of capture and remote automatic cardiac events detection of PACs,PVCs,and AF by H3-ECG were 93%and 99%,98%and 99%,94%and 98%,respectively.Therefore,the long-term limb triple-lead H3-ECG device can be utilized for domiciliary ECG self-monitoring and remote management of patients with common arrhythmia under medical supervision.展开更多
Communication, Biomedical and sports industry is in continuous growth in the last decade. Wide band compact wearable active and tunable sensors and antennas are crucial in development of new wearable Body Area Network...Communication, Biomedical and sports industry is in continuous growth in the last decade. Wide band compact wearable active and tunable sensors and antennas are crucial in development of new wearable Body Area Network, BAN, systems. BAN antennas should be flexible, light weight, compact and have low production cost. Slot antennas are compact and have low production costs. Slot antennas may be employed in wearable communication systems. The dynamic range and the efficiency of communication systems may be improved by using efficient wearable slot antennas. Small printed antennas suffer from low efficiency. Amplifiers may be connected to the wearable antenna feed line to increase the system dynamic range. Novel wideband passive and active efficient wearable antennas for BAN applications are presented in this paper. Active wearable antennas may be used in receiving or transmitting communication and medical systems. The slot antenna bandwidth is from 45% to 100% with VSWR better than 3:1. The slot antenna gain is around 3 dBi with efficiency from 85% to 92%. The antenna electrical parameters were computed in vicinity of the human body. The active slot antenna gain is 18 ± 2.5 dB for frequencies ranging from 200 MHz to 750 MHz. The active slot antenna gain is 12 ± 2 dB for frequencies ranging from 1.3 GHz to 3.3 GHz. The active slot antenna Noise Figure is 0.5 ± 0.3 dB for frequencies ranging from 200 MHz to 3.3 GHz. A voltage controlled diode, varactor, may be used to control the antenna electrical performance at different environments. For example an antenna located on the patient stomach has VSWR better than 2:1 at 434 MHz. However, if the antenna will be placed on the patient back it may resonate at 420 MHz. By varying the varactor bias voltage, the antenna resonant frequency may be shifted from 420 MHz to 434 MHz. The antennas presented in this paper are low cost wideband active antennas for receiving and transmitting communication systems.展开更多
Because of the limited memory of the increasing amount of information in current wearable devices,the processing capacity of the servers in the storage system can not keep up with the speed of information growth,resul...Because of the limited memory of the increasing amount of information in current wearable devices,the processing capacity of the servers in the storage system can not keep up with the speed of information growth,resulting in low load balancing,long load balancing time and data processing delay.Therefore,a data load balancing technology is applied to the massive storage systems of wearable devices in this paper.We first analyze the object-oriented load balancing method,and formally describe the dynamic load balancing issues,taking the load balancing as a mapping problem.Then,the task of assigning each data node and the request of the corresponding data node’s actual processing capacity are completed.Different data is allocated to the corresponding data storage node to complete the calculation of the comprehensive weight of the data storage node.According to the load information of each data storage node collected by the scheduler in the storage system,the load weight of the current data storage node is calculated and distributed.The data load balancing of the massive storage system for wearable devices is realized.The experimental results show that the average time of load balancing using this method is 1.75h,which is much lower than the traditional methods.The results show the data load balancing technology of the massive storage system of wearable devices has the advantages of short data load balancing time,high load balancing,strong data processing capability,short processing time and obvious application.展开更多
With the growing market of wearable devices for smart sensing and personalized healthcare applications,energy storage devices that ensure stable power supply and can be constructed in flexible platforms have attracted...With the growing market of wearable devices for smart sensing and personalized healthcare applications,energy storage devices that ensure stable power supply and can be constructed in flexible platforms have attracted tremendous research interests.A variety of active materials and fabrication strategies of flexible energy storage devices have been intensively studied in recent years,especially for integrated self-powered systems and biosensing.A series of materials and applications for flexible energy storage devices have been studied in recent years.In this review,the commonly adopted fabrication methods of flexible energy storage devices are introduced.Besides,recent advances in integrating these energy devices into flexible self-powered systems are presented.Furthermore,the applications of flexible energy storage devices for biosensing are summarized.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the self-powered sensing system for wearable electronics are discussed.展开更多
Objective:To study the value of the wearable single-lead remote monitoring device with the scatterplot in chronic disease management.Methods:dmitted into 435 residents accord with the inclusion criteria of 20 primary ...Objective:To study the value of the wearable single-lead remote monitoring device with the scatterplot in chronic disease management.Methods:dmitted into 435 residents accord with the inclusion criteria of 20 primary medical institutions of Yinchuan city,and grouped voluntarily by the implementation schemes were grouped voluntarily according to the implementation schemes.According to one of the three implementation schemes selected,the general practitioner guided the subjects to take on the wearable single-lead remote monitoring device,collecting and uploading the EEG data,then diagnosed and analyzed by the synchronously generated ECG scatterplot,finally,summarized the incidence and the categories,analyzed the differences among these three groups.Results:Among 435 subjects,there were 61 normal patients and 374 arrhythmias with the detection rate of 85.98%;and among the 1672 data collected,there were 606 normal data and 1066 arrhythmia with the detection rate of 63.76%;880 data in total 333 cases with atrial premature beat;442 data in total 215 cases with occasional ventricular premature beat;37 data of 22 cases with frequent atrial beat;65 data of 28 cases with frequent ventricular premature beat;13 data of 6 cases with atrial fibrillation;25 data of 15 cases with excitation conduction disorder;2 data of 2 cases with atrial flutter;31 data of 19 cases with ventricular tachycardia;30 data of 16 cases with conduction block;and 14 data of 8 cases with Para systolic rhythm.comparing the detection rate of arrhythmia in three groups,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:The wearable singlelead remote monitoring device with the scatterplot has high application value in cardiovascular chronic disease management.Its effectively screening,validly diagnosing and detailed classifying are helpful to the early intervention,and the protection of the patients’lives.展开更多
The evolution of wearable technology has prompted the need for adaptive,self-healable,and energy-autonomous energy devices.This study innovatively addresses this challenge by introducing an MXene-boosted hydrogel elec...The evolution of wearable technology has prompted the need for adaptive,self-healable,and energy-autonomous energy devices.This study innovatively addresses this challenge by introducing an MXene-boosted hydrogel electrolyte,which expedites the assembly process of flexible thermocell(TEC)arrays and thus circumvents the complicated fabrication of typical wearable electronics.Our findings underscore the hydrogel electrolyte’s superior thermoelectrochemical performance under substantial deformations and repeated self-healing cycles.The resulting hydrogel-based TEC yields a maximum power output of 1032.1 nW under theΔT of 20 K when being stretched to 500%for 1000 cycles,corresponding to 80%of its initial state;meanwhile,it sustains 1179.1 nW under theΔT of 20 K even after 60 cuthealing cycles,approximately 92%of its initial state.The as-assembled TEC array exhibits device-level self-healing capability and high adaptability to human body.It is readily applied for touch-based encrypted communication where distinct voltage signals can be converted into alphabet letters;it is also employed as a self-powered sensor to in-situ monitor a variety of body motions for complex human actions.The swift assembly approach,combined with the versatile functionality of the TEC device,paves the way for future advancements in wearable electronics targeting at fitness monitoring and human–machine interfaces.展开更多
Thermal management is essential in our body as it affects various bodily functions,ranging from thermal discomfort to serious organ failures,as an example of the worst-case scenario.There have been extensive studies a...Thermal management is essential in our body as it affects various bodily functions,ranging from thermal discomfort to serious organ failures,as an example of the worst-case scenario.There have been extensive studies about wearable materials and devices that augment thermoregulatory functionalities in our body,employing diverse materials and systematic approaches to attaining thermal homeostasis.This paper reviews the recent progress of functional materials and devices that contribute to thermoregulatory wearables,particularly emphasizing the strategic methodology to regulate body temperature.There exist several methods to promote personal thermal management in a wearable form.For instance,we can impede heat transfer using a thermally insulating material with extremely low thermal conductivity or directly cool and heat the skin surface.Thus,we classify many studies into two branches,passive and active thermal management modes,which are further subdivided into specific strategies.Apart from discussing the strategies and their mechanisms,we also identify the weaknesses of each strategy and scrutinize its potential direction that studies should follow to make substantial contributions to future thermal regulatory wearable industries.展开更多
A series of events relating to inferior medical devices has brought about changes in the legal requirements regarding quality control on the part of regulators. Apart from clinical studies, register and routine data w...A series of events relating to inferior medical devices has brought about changes in the legal requirements regarding quality control on the part of regulators. Apart from clinical studies, register and routine data will play an essential role in this context. To ensure adequate use of these data, adapted methodologies are required as register data in fact represent a new scientific entity. For the interpretation of register and routine data several limitations of published data should be taken into account. In many cases essential parameters of study cohorts- such as age, comorbidities, the patients' risk profiles or the hospital profile- are not presented. Required data and evaluation procedures differ significantly, for example, between hip and spine implants. A "one fits for all" methodology is quite unlikely to exist and vigorous efforts will be required to develop suitable standards in the next future. The new legislation will affect all high-risk products, besides joint implants also contact lenses, cardiac pacemakers or stents, for example, the new regulations can markedly enhance product quality monitoring. Register data and clinical studies should not be considered as competitors, they complement each other when used responsibly. In the future follow-up studies should increasingly focus on specific questions, while global follow-up investigations regarding product complication rates and surgical methods will increasingly be covered by registers.展开更多
Aiming at localizing the telemetric capsule for detecting gastrointestinal physiological parameters in vivo accurately,a portable alternating current(AC)electromagnetic localization system is designed.To verify the fe...Aiming at localizing the telemetric capsule for detecting gastrointestinal physiological parameters in vivo accurately,a portable alternating current(AC)electromagnetic localization system is designed.To verify the feasibility of the method,the model and construction of the localization system are detailed.And static and dynamic accuracy of the localization system are tested by experiments.Next,we compare the simulating results of the electromagnetic radiation aroused by the localization system with the electromagnetic safety standards of human(ICNIRP guidelines and IEEE standard C95.1-1991).Finally,in terms of the results of the static and dynamic experiments,conclusions are drawn that the accuracy of portable positioning system is high(less than 10 mm)enough to satisfy the localization need of the micro invasive medical devices in vivo,and there is no harm of electromagnetic radiation to human.展开更多
Background: Obesity is a significant public health challenge. Its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate globally. Numerous slimming products crowd the market, with each offering a proprietary formulation with s...Background: Obesity is a significant public health challenge. Its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate globally. Numerous slimming products crowd the market, with each offering a proprietary formulation with statements of alleged efficacy. Within the EU, one such class is Medical Device, featuring a range of marine- and vegetal-based fibers as the functional ingredient. Methods: An analysis was performed to investigate and compare the lipid binding performance of three medical devices consisting of: 1) a polyglucosamine;2) a vegetal opuntia extract;and 3) a vegetal opuntia extract with vitamins using an industry-standard, validated test method. 0.5 gr of material from each product was studied. Results: The polyglucosamine exhibited a lipid binding capacity (691.7 g/g) more than 20 times the vegetal opuntia extracts. A significantly higher standard deviation (±12.1) was reported for the polyglucosamine medical device vs. the vegetal opuntia extracts (±1.3 - 4.8). However, the standard deviation reported for the former is approximately 1.7% of the mean value obtained from double determination, significantly smaller than that 2.5% - 15% observed for the extracts. Conclusions: Analysis of lipid binding indicated the polyglucosamine exhibited a substantially higher capacity than the vegetal opuntia samples. Further studies are needed to validate these in vitro results.展开更多
Polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven was used as the substrate for the preparation of an air film. The nonwoven was immersed in the casting solution at first,and then respectively placed in the first coagulation bath,the...Polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven was used as the substrate for the preparation of an air film. The nonwoven was immersed in the casting solution at first,and then respectively placed in the first coagulation bath,the second coagulation bath and the finishing liquid containing fluorine additive aqueous solution of 20 g/L. At last,the high temperature drying was carried out to obtain the air permeable and water resistant air film. With analyses and comparisons of the isopropanol alcohol content,the residence time of air,the composition of the first coagulation bath and the residence time of the first coagulation,the optimum parameters were found and the air film had an air permeability of 4. 7 L/min,a water blocking pressure of 16 kPa,a contact angle of 134. 2°,and a mean pore size of 2. 089 1 μm.展开更多
Medical devices are instruments and other tools that act on the human body to aid clinical diagnosis and disease treatment,playing an indispensable role in modern medicine.Nowadays,the increasing demand for personaliz...Medical devices are instruments and other tools that act on the human body to aid clinical diagnosis and disease treatment,playing an indispensable role in modern medicine.Nowadays,the increasing demand for personalized medical devices poses a significant challenge to traditional manufacturing methods.The emerging manufacturing technology of three-dimensional(3D)printing as an alternative has shown exciting applications in the medical field and is an ideal method for manufacturing such personalized medical devices with complex structures.However,the application of this new technology has also brought new risks to medical devices,making 3D-printed devices face severe challenges due to insufficient regulation and the lack of standards to provide guidance to the industry.This review aims to summarize the current regulatory landscape and existing research on the standardization of 3D-printed medical devices in China,and provide ideas to address these challenges.We focus on the aspects concerned by the regulatory authorities in 3D-printed medical devices,highlighting the quality system of such devices,and discuss the guidelines that manufacturers should follow,as well as the current limitations and the feasible path of regulation and standardization work based on this perspective.The key points of the whole process quality control,performance evaluation methods and the concept of whole life cycle management of 3D-printed medical devices are emphasized.Furthermore,the significance of regulation and standardization is pointed out.Finally,aspects worthy of attention and future perspectives in this field are discussed.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)printing has gained popularity in a variety of applications,particularly in the manufacture of wearable devices.Aided by the large degree of freedom in customizable fabrication,3D printing can cat...Three-dimensional(3D)printing has gained popularity in a variety of applications,particularly in the manufacture of wearable devices.Aided by the large degree of freedom in customizable fabrication,3D printing can cater towards the practical requirements of wearable devices in terms of light weight and flexibility.In particular,this focus review aims to cover the important aspect of wearable energy storage devices(WESDs),which is an essential component of most wearable devices.Herein,the topics discussed are the fundamentals of 3D printing inks used,the optimizing strategies in improving the mechanical and electrochemical properties of wearable devices and the recent developments and challenges of wearable electrochemical systems such as batteries and supercapacitors.It can be expected that,with the development of 3D printing technology,realization of the full potential of WESDs and seamless integration into smart devices also needs further in-depth investigations.展开更多
文摘This paper presents a design of new type of multi-parameter wearable medical devices signal processing platform. The signal processing algorithm has a QRS-wave detection algorithm based on LADT, wavelet transformation and threshold detection with TMS320VC5509 DSP system. The DSP can greatly increase the speed of QRS-wave detection, and the results can be practical used for multi-parameter wearable device detection of abnormal ECG.
基金This work was supported by the NSFC(22075019,22035005)the Young Talent Program of Henan Agricultural University(30500601).
文摘Electronic skin and flexible wearable devices have attracted tremendous attention in the fields of human-machine interaction,energy storage,and intelligent robots.As a prevailing flexible pressure sensor with high performance,the piezoresistive sensor is believed to be one of the fundamental components of intelligent tactile skin.Furthermore,graphene can be used as a building block for highly flexible and wearable piezoresistive sensors owing to its light weight,high electrical conductivity,and excellent mechanical.This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in graphene-based piezoresistive sensors,which we systematically classify as various configurations including one-dimensional fiber,two-dimensional thin film,and threedimensional foam geometries,followed by examples of practical applications for health monitoring,human motion sensing,multifunctional sensing,and system integration.We also present the sensing mechanisms and evaluation parameters of piezoresistive sensors.This review delivers broad insights on existing graphene-based piezoresistive sensors and challenges for the future generation of high-performance,multifunctional sensors in various applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20511)the Innovation Project of Optics Valley Laboratory (OVL2021BG001).
文摘With the advancement of deep learning and neural networks,the computational demands for applications in wearable devices have grown exponentially.However,wearable devices also have strict requirements for long battery life,low power consumption,and compact size.In this work,we propose a scalable optoelectronic computing system based on an integrated optical convolution acceleration core.This system enables high-precision computation at the speed of light,achieving 7-bit accuracy while maintaining extremely low power consumption.It also demonstrates peak throughput of 3.2 TOPS(tera operations per second)in parallel processing.We have successfully demonstrated image convolution and the typical application of an interactive first-person perspective gesture recognition application based on depth information.The system achieves a comparable recognition accuracy to traditional electronic computation in all blind tests.
文摘Objective To study the patent situation of medical device industry in China based on patent data.Methods The analysis function of the patent search software incoPat was used to analyze the patent situation from two perspectives:The overall situation and the technical level.Results and Conclusion At present,China’s medical device industry is developing rapidly under the leadership of enterprises as the main body of innovation,but only 16%of patents are authorized.In addition,the technology distribution of medical device industry is mainly related to diagnostic,surgical and identification medical devices and implantable devices,accounting for 59%of the main technology distribution,and their technical effects are mainly related to improving convenience,reducing complexity,and improving safety.The quality of patents related to medical device industry in China is low,the technology distribution is not rich enough,and the level of technical efficacy is low.
文摘Health is an inevitable demand to promote people's all-round development and to make foundation for economic and social development. Health and longevity of citizens is not only important symbols of national development and prosperity but also the common wish of the Chinese people. Actually,smart wearable technology is an emerging one and the application of some smart wearable devices such as health watch is the most promising one in the health industry. As new psychotherapy,cognitive behavioral therapy( CBT) can change the poor awareness by means of changing one's way of thinking,thus eliminating the unhealthy emotions and behaviors. In terms of health management,CBT enjoys such advantages as guidance,motivation,integrity and short therapy time. This paper introduces the improvement of smart wearable device guided by professional health management solutions on individual health by taking Philips health watch as an example,and the users can therefrom get full understanding of the relationship between smart wearable devices and health,thus improving their individual health.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.T2121003,51935001,51725501,and 51905022)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB1309702).
文摘Medical devices are a major component of precision medicine and play a key role in medical treatment,particularly with the rapid development of minimally invasive surgery and wearable devices.Their tissue contact properties strongly affect device performance and patient health(e.g.,heat coagulation and slipperiness on surgical graspers).However,the design and optimization of these device surfaces are still indistinct and have no supporting principles.Under such conditions,natural surfaces with various unique functions can provide solutions.This review summarizes the current progress in natural functional surfaces for medical devices,including ultra-slipperiness and strong wet attachment.The underlying mechanisms of these surfaces are attributed to their coupling effects and featured micronano structures.Depending on various medical requirements,adaptable designs and fabrication methods have been developed.Additionally,various medical device surfaces have been validated to achieve enhanced contact properties.Based on these studies,a more promising future for medical devices can be achieved for enhanced precision medicine and human health.
基金This research was funded by the Key Research and Development Plan of Jiangsu Province under grant BE2017735.Q.S.conceived the study and wrote the manuscript.Q.S.,C.C.,H.G.X.W.collected,analyzed,and interpreted the data.H.G.and X.W.contributed substantially to the development of ECG signal conversion Matlab software and remote automatic detection algorithm.J.L.,M.C.and C.L.revised the manuscript,evaluated and supervised the study.
文摘Arrhythmias are very common in the healthy populations as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases.Among them,atrial fibrillation(AF)and malignant ventricular arrhythmias are usually associated with some clinical events.Early diagnosis of arrhythmias,particularly AF and ventricular arrhythmias,is very important for the treatment and prognosis of patients.Holter is a gold standard commonly recommended for noninvasive detection of paroxysmal arrhythmia.However,it has some shortcomings such as fixed detection timings,delayed report and inability of remote real-time detection.To deal with such problems,we designed and applied a new wearable 72-hour triple-lead H3-electrocardiogram(ECG)device with a remote cloud-based ECG platform and an expertsupporting system.In this study,31 patients were recruited and 24-hour synchronous ECG data by H3-ECG and Holter were recorded.In the H3-ECG group,ECG signals were transmitted using remote real-time modes,and confirmed reports were made by doctors in the remote expert-supporting system,while the traditional modes and detection systems were used in the Holter group.The results showed no significant differences between the two groups in 24-hour total heart rate(HR),averaged HR,maximum HR,minimum HR,premature atrial complexes(PACs)and premature ventricular complexes(PVCs)(P>0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of capture and remote automatic cardiac events detection of PACs,PVCs,and AF by H3-ECG were 93%and 99%,98%and 99%,94%and 98%,respectively.Therefore,the long-term limb triple-lead H3-ECG device can be utilized for domiciliary ECG self-monitoring and remote management of patients with common arrhythmia under medical supervision.
文摘Communication, Biomedical and sports industry is in continuous growth in the last decade. Wide band compact wearable active and tunable sensors and antennas are crucial in development of new wearable Body Area Network, BAN, systems. BAN antennas should be flexible, light weight, compact and have low production cost. Slot antennas are compact and have low production costs. Slot antennas may be employed in wearable communication systems. The dynamic range and the efficiency of communication systems may be improved by using efficient wearable slot antennas. Small printed antennas suffer from low efficiency. Amplifiers may be connected to the wearable antenna feed line to increase the system dynamic range. Novel wideband passive and active efficient wearable antennas for BAN applications are presented in this paper. Active wearable antennas may be used in receiving or transmitting communication and medical systems. The slot antenna bandwidth is from 45% to 100% with VSWR better than 3:1. The slot antenna gain is around 3 dBi with efficiency from 85% to 92%. The antenna electrical parameters were computed in vicinity of the human body. The active slot antenna gain is 18 ± 2.5 dB for frequencies ranging from 200 MHz to 750 MHz. The active slot antenna gain is 12 ± 2 dB for frequencies ranging from 1.3 GHz to 3.3 GHz. The active slot antenna Noise Figure is 0.5 ± 0.3 dB for frequencies ranging from 200 MHz to 3.3 GHz. A voltage controlled diode, varactor, may be used to control the antenna electrical performance at different environments. For example an antenna located on the patient stomach has VSWR better than 2:1 at 434 MHz. However, if the antenna will be placed on the patient back it may resonate at 420 MHz. By varying the varactor bias voltage, the antenna resonant frequency may be shifted from 420 MHz to 434 MHz. The antennas presented in this paper are low cost wideband active antennas for receiving and transmitting communication systems.
文摘Because of the limited memory of the increasing amount of information in current wearable devices,the processing capacity of the servers in the storage system can not keep up with the speed of information growth,resulting in low load balancing,long load balancing time and data processing delay.Therefore,a data load balancing technology is applied to the massive storage systems of wearable devices in this paper.We first analyze the object-oriented load balancing method,and formally describe the dynamic load balancing issues,taking the load balancing as a mapping problem.Then,the task of assigning each data node and the request of the corresponding data node’s actual processing capacity are completed.Different data is allocated to the corresponding data storage node to complete the calculation of the comprehensive weight of the data storage node.According to the load information of each data storage node collected by the scheduler in the storage system,the load weight of the current data storage node is calculated and distributed.The data load balancing of the massive storage system for wearable devices is realized.The experimental results show that the average time of load balancing using this method is 1.75h,which is much lower than the traditional methods.The results show the data load balancing technology of the massive storage system of wearable devices has the advantages of short data load balancing time,high load balancing,strong data processing capability,short processing time and obvious application.
基金the Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuits for Next-Generation Communications Grant(Y01796303)Southern University of Science and Technology Grant(Y01796108,Y01796208).
文摘With the growing market of wearable devices for smart sensing and personalized healthcare applications,energy storage devices that ensure stable power supply and can be constructed in flexible platforms have attracted tremendous research interests.A variety of active materials and fabrication strategies of flexible energy storage devices have been intensively studied in recent years,especially for integrated self-powered systems and biosensing.A series of materials and applications for flexible energy storage devices have been studied in recent years.In this review,the commonly adopted fabrication methods of flexible energy storage devices are introduced.Besides,recent advances in integrating these energy devices into flexible self-powered systems are presented.Furthermore,the applications of flexible energy storage devices for biosensing are summarized.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the self-powered sensing system for wearable electronics are discussed.
基金The Special Project of Science and technology benefit the people of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2018CMG03015)。
文摘Objective:To study the value of the wearable single-lead remote monitoring device with the scatterplot in chronic disease management.Methods:dmitted into 435 residents accord with the inclusion criteria of 20 primary medical institutions of Yinchuan city,and grouped voluntarily by the implementation schemes were grouped voluntarily according to the implementation schemes.According to one of the three implementation schemes selected,the general practitioner guided the subjects to take on the wearable single-lead remote monitoring device,collecting and uploading the EEG data,then diagnosed and analyzed by the synchronously generated ECG scatterplot,finally,summarized the incidence and the categories,analyzed the differences among these three groups.Results:Among 435 subjects,there were 61 normal patients and 374 arrhythmias with the detection rate of 85.98%;and among the 1672 data collected,there were 606 normal data and 1066 arrhythmia with the detection rate of 63.76%;880 data in total 333 cases with atrial premature beat;442 data in total 215 cases with occasional ventricular premature beat;37 data of 22 cases with frequent atrial beat;65 data of 28 cases with frequent ventricular premature beat;13 data of 6 cases with atrial fibrillation;25 data of 15 cases with excitation conduction disorder;2 data of 2 cases with atrial flutter;31 data of 19 cases with ventricular tachycardia;30 data of 16 cases with conduction block;and 14 data of 8 cases with Para systolic rhythm.comparing the detection rate of arrhythmia in three groups,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:The wearable singlelead remote monitoring device with the scatterplot has high application value in cardiovascular chronic disease management.Its effectively screening,validly diagnosing and detailed classifying are helpful to the early intervention,and the protection of the patients’lives.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52103089)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515012120)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220531100815035,RCBS20221008093126069)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(Grant No.sklpme2022-4-08)the Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University(Lihu Campus)for their assistance with SEM characterization.
文摘The evolution of wearable technology has prompted the need for adaptive,self-healable,and energy-autonomous energy devices.This study innovatively addresses this challenge by introducing an MXene-boosted hydrogel electrolyte,which expedites the assembly process of flexible thermocell(TEC)arrays and thus circumvents the complicated fabrication of typical wearable electronics.Our findings underscore the hydrogel electrolyte’s superior thermoelectrochemical performance under substantial deformations and repeated self-healing cycles.The resulting hydrogel-based TEC yields a maximum power output of 1032.1 nW under theΔT of 20 K when being stretched to 500%for 1000 cycles,corresponding to 80%of its initial state;meanwhile,it sustains 1179.1 nW under theΔT of 20 K even after 60 cuthealing cycles,approximately 92%of its initial state.The as-assembled TEC array exhibits device-level self-healing capability and high adaptability to human body.It is readily applied for touch-based encrypted communication where distinct voltage signals can be converted into alphabet letters;it is also employed as a self-powered sensor to in-situ monitor a variety of body motions for complex human actions.The swift assembly approach,combined with the versatile functionality of the TEC device,paves the way for future advancements in wearable electronics targeting at fitness monitoring and human–machine interfaces.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant funded through Basic Science Research Program(2021M3H4A1A02050237).
文摘Thermal management is essential in our body as it affects various bodily functions,ranging from thermal discomfort to serious organ failures,as an example of the worst-case scenario.There have been extensive studies about wearable materials and devices that augment thermoregulatory functionalities in our body,employing diverse materials and systematic approaches to attaining thermal homeostasis.This paper reviews the recent progress of functional materials and devices that contribute to thermoregulatory wearables,particularly emphasizing the strategic methodology to regulate body temperature.There exist several methods to promote personal thermal management in a wearable form.For instance,we can impede heat transfer using a thermally insulating material with extremely low thermal conductivity or directly cool and heat the skin surface.Thus,we classify many studies into two branches,passive and active thermal management modes,which are further subdivided into specific strategies.Apart from discussing the strategies and their mechanisms,we also identify the weaknesses of each strategy and scrutinize its potential direction that studies should follow to make substantial contributions to future thermal regulatory wearable industries.
文摘A series of events relating to inferior medical devices has brought about changes in the legal requirements regarding quality control on the part of regulators. Apart from clinical studies, register and routine data will play an essential role in this context. To ensure adequate use of these data, adapted methodologies are required as register data in fact represent a new scientific entity. For the interpretation of register and routine data several limitations of published data should be taken into account. In many cases essential parameters of study cohorts- such as age, comorbidities, the patients' risk profiles or the hospital profile- are not presented. Required data and evaluation procedures differ significantly, for example, between hip and spine implants. A "one fits for all" methodology is quite unlikely to exist and vigorous efforts will be required to develop suitable standards in the next future. The new legislation will affect all high-risk products, besides joint implants also contact lenses, cardiac pacemakers or stents, for example, the new regulations can markedly enhance product quality monitoring. Register data and clinical studies should not be considered as competitors, they complement each other when used responsibly. In the future follow-up studies should increasingly focus on specific questions, while global follow-up investigations regarding product complication rates and surgical methods will increasingly be covered by registers.
基金Sup.ported by the High TechnologyResearch and Development Programme of China （No.2006AA04Z368）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30900320, 30570485） and Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission （No. 10YZ93）.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.30570485)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863)(No.2006AA04Z368)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.06ER1406)
文摘Aiming at localizing the telemetric capsule for detecting gastrointestinal physiological parameters in vivo accurately,a portable alternating current(AC)electromagnetic localization system is designed.To verify the feasibility of the method,the model and construction of the localization system are detailed.And static and dynamic accuracy of the localization system are tested by experiments.Next,we compare the simulating results of the electromagnetic radiation aroused by the localization system with the electromagnetic safety standards of human(ICNIRP guidelines and IEEE standard C95.1-1991).Finally,in terms of the results of the static and dynamic experiments,conclusions are drawn that the accuracy of portable positioning system is high(less than 10 mm)enough to satisfy the localization need of the micro invasive medical devices in vivo,and there is no harm of electromagnetic radiation to human.
文摘Background: Obesity is a significant public health challenge. Its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate globally. Numerous slimming products crowd the market, with each offering a proprietary formulation with statements of alleged efficacy. Within the EU, one such class is Medical Device, featuring a range of marine- and vegetal-based fibers as the functional ingredient. Methods: An analysis was performed to investigate and compare the lipid binding performance of three medical devices consisting of: 1) a polyglucosamine;2) a vegetal opuntia extract;and 3) a vegetal opuntia extract with vitamins using an industry-standard, validated test method. 0.5 gr of material from each product was studied. Results: The polyglucosamine exhibited a lipid binding capacity (691.7 g/g) more than 20 times the vegetal opuntia extracts. A significantly higher standard deviation (±12.1) was reported for the polyglucosamine medical device vs. the vegetal opuntia extracts (±1.3 - 4.8). However, the standard deviation reported for the former is approximately 1.7% of the mean value obtained from double determination, significantly smaller than that 2.5% - 15% observed for the extracts. Conclusions: Analysis of lipid binding indicated the polyglucosamine exhibited a substantially higher capacity than the vegetal opuntia samples. Further studies are needed to validate these in vitro results.
文摘Polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven was used as the substrate for the preparation of an air film. The nonwoven was immersed in the casting solution at first,and then respectively placed in the first coagulation bath,the second coagulation bath and the finishing liquid containing fluorine additive aqueous solution of 20 g/L. At last,the high temperature drying was carried out to obtain the air permeable and water resistant air film. With analyses and comparisons of the isopropanol alcohol content,the residence time of air,the composition of the first coagulation bath and the residence time of the first coagulation,the optimum parameters were found and the air film had an air permeability of 4. 7 L/min,a water blocking pressure of 16 kPa,a contact angle of 134. 2°,and a mean pore size of 2. 089 1 μm.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81827804,U1909218)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.T2121004).
文摘Medical devices are instruments and other tools that act on the human body to aid clinical diagnosis and disease treatment,playing an indispensable role in modern medicine.Nowadays,the increasing demand for personalized medical devices poses a significant challenge to traditional manufacturing methods.The emerging manufacturing technology of three-dimensional(3D)printing as an alternative has shown exciting applications in the medical field and is an ideal method for manufacturing such personalized medical devices with complex structures.However,the application of this new technology has also brought new risks to medical devices,making 3D-printed devices face severe challenges due to insufficient regulation and the lack of standards to provide guidance to the industry.This review aims to summarize the current regulatory landscape and existing research on the standardization of 3D-printed medical devices in China,and provide ideas to address these challenges.We focus on the aspects concerned by the regulatory authorities in 3D-printed medical devices,highlighting the quality system of such devices,and discuss the guidelines that manufacturers should follow,as well as the current limitations and the feasible path of regulation and standardization work based on this perspective.The key points of the whole process quality control,performance evaluation methods and the concept of whole life cycle management of 3D-printed medical devices are emphasized.Furthermore,the significance of regulation and standardization is pointed out.Finally,aspects worthy of attention and future perspectives in this field are discussed.
基金Australian Research Council,Grant/Award Numbers:DP190100120,FT200100015。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)printing has gained popularity in a variety of applications,particularly in the manufacture of wearable devices.Aided by the large degree of freedom in customizable fabrication,3D printing can cater towards the practical requirements of wearable devices in terms of light weight and flexibility.In particular,this focus review aims to cover the important aspect of wearable energy storage devices(WESDs),which is an essential component of most wearable devices.Herein,the topics discussed are the fundamentals of 3D printing inks used,the optimizing strategies in improving the mechanical and electrochemical properties of wearable devices and the recent developments and challenges of wearable electrochemical systems such as batteries and supercapacitors.It can be expected that,with the development of 3D printing technology,realization of the full potential of WESDs and seamless integration into smart devices also needs further in-depth investigations.
