The protective roles of α-lipoic acid in the rat model of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 4834bp deletion in inner ear were investigated. Forty female Wistar rats at 4 weeks of age were divided into four groups: group A (D...The protective roles of α-lipoic acid in the rat model of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 4834bp deletion in inner ear were investigated. Forty female Wistar rats at 4 weeks of age were divided into four groups: group A (D-galactose group, n=10), group B (D-galactose+α-lipoic acid group, n=10), group C (α-lipoic acid group, n=10), and group D (control group, n=10). Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was used to detect the hearing threshold. Colorimetry was used to analyze activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). The percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion in inner ear was identified by real-time PCR. There was no significant difference in ABR threshold shift among all groups. The percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion in group A was higher than that in other groups, but there was no significant difference in percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion among groups B, C, and D. The activity of SOD in group A was lower than that in other groups. The concentration of MDA in group A was higher than that in other groups. It was concluded that there was no significant hearing loss when the percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion was lower than 12.5%. α-Lipoic acid could prevent the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced mtDNA4834bp deletion in inner ear of rats.展开更多
The aim of the present study was to observe the protective effects of α-lipoic acid(ALA)on vascular injury in rats with hyperuricemia(HUA).The ALA treatment groups(10,30 and 90 mg/kg,respectively)were administered wi...The aim of the present study was to observe the protective effects of α-lipoic acid(ALA)on vascular injury in rats with hyperuricemia(HUA).The ALA treatment groups(10,30 and 90 mg/kg,respectively)were administered with ALA via gavage for 2 weeks.Subsequently,the levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(CREA),uric acid(UA),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein-C(HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein-C(LDL-C)were measured;the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT),malonaldehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and xanthine oxidase(XOD)were also determined.The thoracic aorta of rats in each experimental group was observed under a light microscope;ultrastructural analysis was performed.SOD and CAT protein contents were investigated by Western blotting.The results revealed that:i)Compared with the model group,the levels of UA were decreased in the ALA groups and the levels of BUN,CREA,TC,and LDL-C decreased in the 30 and 90 mg/kg ALA groups(P<0.05);ii)compared with the model group,the activities of GSH-Px,SOD and XOD were increased and the levels of MDA were reduced in the 90 mg/kg ALA group (P<0.05);and iii)in the model and 10 mg/kg ALA groups,edema and shedding were observed in endothelial cells.Compared with the model and 10 mg/kg ALA groups,the 30 and 90 mg/kg ALA groups exhibited fewer swollen endothelial cells.In summary,the results of the present study indicated that HUA resulted in vascular oxidative stress injury and decreased the activity of antioxidative enzymes,which leads to endothelial cell damage and vascular lesions.ALA may serve as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of HUA-induced endothelial dysfunction.展开更多
Objective:To use high-frequency ultrasound to evaluate the efficacy ofα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),so as to provide a basis for clin...Objective:To use high-frequency ultrasound to evaluate the efficacy ofα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),so as to provide a basis for clinical medication and evaluation of therapeutic effect.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2019,110 patients with DPN who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into observation group and control group according to different treatment plans.The control group was treated withα-lipoic acid,and the observation group was treated withα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine encapsulation treatment,and used high-frequency ultrasound,nerve conduction velocity and serological examination to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the two treatment methods.Results:The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE)value of the observation group and the control group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05);After treatment,the SCV of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Similar to SCV,the MCV of the three nerves measured after treatment in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared between the groups after treatment,the three kinds of nerve SCV and MCV in the observation group were significantly faster than those in the control group(P<0.05).The cross-sectional area(CSA)value of the ulnar nerve,median nerve and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared with the control group after treatment,the three nerves CSA in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Abnormal ultrasound performance:The proportion of abnormal ultrasound performances of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).The composition ratio of internal echo reduction and ambiguity in the observation group after three nerve treatments was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).In the correlation analysis,the three kinds of nerve CSA before and after treatment were negatively correlated with SCV and amplitude(P<0.05),and positively correlated with latency(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination ofα-lipoic acid and Chinese medicine encapsulation technology has a good effect on the treatment and repair of DPN nerve damage,and can be routinely applied in clinical treatment.High-frequency ultrasound can intuitively observe changes in peripheral nerves and can be used to evaluate the prognosis of DPN.展开更多
In this paper we described the effect of administrated CoQ10, and alfa-lipoic acid on the concentration of total CoQ10 inplasma end body tissues of eggs laying hens. Organisms raise a complex network of enzymes, metab...In this paper we described the effect of administrated CoQ10, and alfa-lipoic acid on the concentration of total CoQ10 inplasma end body tissues of eggs laying hens. Organisms raise a complex network of enzymes, metabolites and molecules with antioxidant activities in order to prevent oxidative damage of theirs bodies. Adequate blood concentrations of small weight molecules ingested with food and food additives are important for the proper functioning of the antioxidant defense. To test this hypothesis we prepared following experiment. Forty weeks old hens were selected from two genotypes;Ross 308 broiler mothers and Lohmann breed hens. Animals were fed for a period of 84 days. Concentrations of supplemented CoQ10 and ALAwere calculated from feed instruction tables so each hen received an average of approximately 5 mg of CoQ10 and 50 mg ofALAper kg of animal weight per day. During the experiment blood samples were taken and at the end of the experiment different body tissues (heart, liver, breast, legs) were collected and analyzed with originally developed HPLC-MS/MS method based selective ionization with LiCl on MRM scanning. We found a number of interesting and unexpected results. Supplemented CoQ10 increased concentrations of coenzyme CoQ10 inplasma and different hen’s tissues. Increased concentration of CoQ10 is the result of its transfer with chylomicrons from the digestive tract to various organs of the body and to the liver where exogenous and endogenous CoQ10 has been re-redistributed through lipoproteins. Supplemented ALA caused much greater concentration of CoQ10 indifferent tissues and plasma then CoQ10. Plausible explanation of our results is such that ALA may regenerates the antioxidants and accelerate the formation of endogenous CoQ10 which is distributed with lipoprotein carriers and increases overall concentration of CoQ10. Our experiments definitely show that Lipoic acid beside glutathione promotes also a synthesis of CoQ10 and increases the total concentration especially in liver and heart tissues.展开更多
Objective: To explore the influence of α-Lipoic acid adjuvant therapy on glucose metabolism, peripheral nerve conduction velocity and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A total...Objective: To explore the influence of α-Lipoic acid adjuvant therapy on glucose metabolism, peripheral nerve conduction velocity and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A total of 92 cases of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were divided into observation group and control group according to the odd and even admission number, 46 cases in each group. All patients were given the conventional treatment, on this basis, patients in control group were given orally Pancreatic Kinionoge, patients in observation group were given α-Lipoic acid intravenous injection. They were treated for 14 d. The following indicators were observed in two groups before and after treatment: glucose metabolic index: fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c);peripheral nerve conduction velocity, median nerve, sensory nerve conduction velocity of nervus peroneus communis (MCV) and motor nerve conduction velocity (SCV), ankle arm index (ABI) and inner diameter of lower limb artery (femoral artery, dorsalis pedis artery, popliteal artery), oxidative stress indicators: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results: Compared with before treatment, the FBG, 2hPBG, HbA1c level in two groups after treatment were significantly reduced, but the difference of intergroup after treatment was no statistical significance;MCV and SCV of median nerve and nervus peroneus communis was increased significantly than control group after treatment, moreover MCV and SCV of median nerve and nervus peroneus communis in observation group were higher than control group after treatment, the difference was significant. After treatment, ABI and femoral artery, dorsalis pedis arteries, popliteal artery inner diameter in two groups were increased significantly, moreover after treatment the above level in observation group was obviously higher than control group, there was significant difference. After treatment, the MDA in observation group were reduced significantly and SOD level increased significantly, difference was statistically significant compared with before treatment and control group after the treatment;The difference in control group compared between before treatment and after treatment had no statistical significance. Conclusion: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy treated adjuvantly by α-Lipoic acid can significantly improve lower limb blood supply, improve the peripheral nerve conduction velocity, reduce level of oxidative stress, the effect on glucose metabolism still need long course of observation.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects ofα-lipoic acid on oxidative stress, vascular endothelium function and renal function in diabetic nephropathy patients.Methods: According to random data table method, a total of 8...Objective:To investigate the effects ofα-lipoic acid on oxidative stress, vascular endothelium function and renal function in diabetic nephropathy patients.Methods: According to random data table method, a total of 80 patients with diabetic nephropathy from September 2016 to August 2017 were divided into observation group and control group (n=40). The patients of control group were treated with routine therapy while the patients of observation group were given intravenous infusion ofα-lipoic acid on the basis of conventional therapy. The levels of oxidative stress, vascular endothelium function and renal function changes were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment.Results:The levels of SOD, MDA, NO, ET-1, RBP and CysC in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant. Compared with the levels before treatment, the level of SOD in the observation group was significantly increased and the level of MDA was significantly decreased;the level of SOD in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the level of MDA was significantly lower than that of the control group;the above differences were statistically significant. The levels of SOD and MDA had no significant changes in the control group before and after treatment. After treatment, the levels of ET-1, RBP and CysC in the two groups were significantly lower than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group levels were significantly lower than those in the control group;the levels of NO in the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group;the above differences were statistically significant.Conclusions: On the basis of conventional treatment, combining withα-lipoic acid can better reduce the level of oxidative stress, improve vascular endothelial function, renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy, which has an important clinical value.展开更多
Objective: To discuss the effect of α-lipoic acid combined with nerve growth factor on bone metabolism, oxidative stress and nerve conduction function after femoral fracture surgery. Methods: A total of 110 patients ...Objective: To discuss the effect of α-lipoic acid combined with nerve growth factor on bone metabolism, oxidative stress and nerve conduction function after femoral fracture surgery. Methods: A total of 110 patients with femoral fracture who received surgical treatment in the hospital between January 2015 and January 2017 were collected and divided into the control group (n=55) and study group (n=55) by random number table. Control group received postoperative nerve growth factor therapy, and study group received postoperative α-lipoic acid combined with nerve growth factor therapy. The differences in the contents of bone metabolism and oxidative stress indexes as well as the levels of nerve conduction function indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in the contents of bone metabolism and oxidative stress indexes as well as the levels of nerve conduction function indexes were not statistically significant between the two groups. After treatment, serum bone metabolism indexes BGP and PⅠNP contents of study group were higher than those of control group while CTX-Ⅰ and TRAP contents were lower than those of control group;serum oxidative stress indexes TAC, CAT and SOD contents of study group were higher than those of control group while MDA content was lower than that of control group;limb nerve conduction velocity SCV and MCV levels of study group were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: α-lipoic acid combined with nerve growth factor therapy after femoral fracture surgery can effectively balance osteoblast/osteoclast activity, reduce oxidative stress and improve limb nerve conduction velocity.展开更多
The poor stability of RuO_(2)electrocatalysts has been the primary obstacles for their practical application in polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers.To dramatically enhance the durability of RuO_(2)to construct ...The poor stability of RuO_(2)electrocatalysts has been the primary obstacles for their practical application in polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers.To dramatically enhance the durability of RuO_(2)to construct activity-stability trade-off model is full of significance but challenging.Herein,a single atom Zn stabilized RuO_(2)with enriched oxygen vacancies(SA Zn-RuO_(2))is developed as a promising alternative to iridium oxide for acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Compared with commercial RuO_(2),the enhanced Ru–O bond strength of SA Zn-RuO_(2)by forming Zn-O-Ru local structure motif is favorable to stabilize surface Ru,while the electrons transferred from Zn single atoms to adjacent Ru atoms protects the Ru active sites from overoxidation.Simultaneously,the optimized surrounding electronic structure of Ru sites in SA ZnRuO_(2)decreases the adsorption energies of OER intermediates to reduce the reaction barrier.As a result,the representative SA Zn-RuO_(2)exhibits a low overpotential of 210 mV to achieve 10 mA cm^(-2)and a greatly enhanced durability than commercial RuO_(2).This work provides a promising dual-engineering strategy by coupling single atom doping and vacancy for the tradeoff of high activity and catalytic stability toward acidic OER.展开更多
The significant demand for high quality food has motivated us to adopt appropriate processing methods to improve the food nutritional quality and flavors.In this study,the effects of five drying methods,namely,pulsed ...The significant demand for high quality food has motivated us to adopt appropriate processing methods to improve the food nutritional quality and flavors.In this study,the effects of five drying methods,namely,pulsed vacuum drying(PVD),freeze drying(FD),infrared drying(IRD),hot-air drying(HAD)and sun drying(SD)on free amino acids(FAAs),α-dicarbonyl compounds(α-DCs)and volatile compounds(VOCs)in rape bee pollen(RBP)were determined.The results showed that FD significantly released the essential amino acids(EAAs)compared with fresh samples while SD caused the highest loss.Glucosone was the dominantα-DCs in RBP and the highest loss was observed after PVD.Aldehydes were the dominant volatiles of RBP and SD samples contained more new volatile substances(especially aldehydes)than the other four drying methods.Comprehensively,FD and PVD would be potential methods to effectively reduce the quality deterioration of RBP in the drying process.展开更多
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of the major foodborne pathogenic bacterial that cause infectious diseases in humans.The previous found that a combination of kojic acid and tea polyphenols exhibited better activity ag...Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of the major foodborne pathogenic bacterial that cause infectious diseases in humans.The previous found that a combination of kojic acid and tea polyphenols exhibited better activity against E.coli O157:H7 than using either alone.This study aimed to explore responses underlying the antibacterial mechanisms of kojic acid and tea polyphenols from the gene level.The functional enrichment analysis by comparing kojic acid and tea polyphenols individually or synergistically against E.coli O157:H7 found that acid resistance systems in kojic acid were activated,and the cell membrane and genomic DNA were destructed in the cells,resulting in“oxygen starvation”.The oxidative stress response triggered by tea polyphenols inhibited both sulfur uptake and the synthesis of ATP,which affected the bacteria's life metabolic process.Interestingly,we found that kojic acid combined with tea polyphenols hindered the uptake of iron that played an essential role in the synthesis of DNA,respiration,tricarboxylic acid cycle.The results suggested that the iron uptake pathways may represent a novel approach for kojic acid and tea polyphenols synergistically against E.coli O157:H7 and provided a theoretical basis for bacterial pathogen control in the food industry.展开更多
Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects ...Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.展开更多
Traditional hydrometallurgical methods for recovering spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)involve acid leaching to simultaneously extract all valuable metals into the leachate.These methods usually are followed by a seri...Traditional hydrometallurgical methods for recovering spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)involve acid leaching to simultaneously extract all valuable metals into the leachate.These methods usually are followed by a series of separation steps such as precipitation,extraction,and stripping to separate the individual valuable metals.In this study,we present a process for selectively leaching lithium through the synergistic effect of sulfuric and oxalic acids.Under optimal leaching conditions(leaching time of 1.5 h,leaching temperature of 70°C,liquid-solid ratio of 4 mL/g,oxalic acid ratio of 1.3,and sulfuric acid ratio of 1.3),the lithium leaching efficiency reached89.6%,and the leaching efficiencies of Ni,Co,and Mn were 12.8%,6.5%,and 21.7%.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES)analyses showed that most of the Ni,Co,and Mn in the raw material remained as solid residue oxides and oxalates.This study offers a new approach to enriching the relevant theory for selectively recovering lithium from spent LIBs.展开更多
The proper recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)can promote the recovery and utilization of valuable resources,while also negative environmental effects resulting from the presence of toxic and hazardous subs...The proper recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)can promote the recovery and utilization of valuable resources,while also negative environmental effects resulting from the presence of toxic and hazardous substances.In this study,a new environmentally friendly hydro-metallurgical process was proposed for leaching lithium(Li),nickel(Ni),cobalt(Co),and manganese(Mn)from spent LIBs using sulfuric acid with citric acid as a reductant.The effects of the concentration of sulfuric acid,the leaching temperature,the leaching time,the solid-liquid ratio,and the reducing agent dosage on the leaching behavior of the above elements were investigated.Key parameters were optimized using response surface methodology(RSM)to maximize the recovery of metals from spent LIBs.The maxim-um recovery efficiencies of Li,Ni,Co,and Mn can reach 99.08%,98.76%,98.33%,and 97.63%.under the optimized conditions(the sulfuric acid concentration was 1.16 mol/L,the citric acid dosage was 15wt%,the solid-liquid ratio was 40 g/L,and the temperature was 83℃ for 120 min),respectively.It was found that in the collaborative leaching process of sulfuric acid and citric acid,the citric acid initially provided strong reducing CO_(2)^(-),and the transition metal ions in the high state underwent a reduction reaction to produce transition metal ions in the low state.Additionally,citric acid can also act as a proton donor and chelate with lower-priced transition metal ions,thus speeding up the dissolution process.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is associated with high mortality rates.Bile acids(BAs)reflux is a well-known risk factor for GC,but the specific mechanism remains unclear.During GC development in both humans and animals...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is associated with high mortality rates.Bile acids(BAs)reflux is a well-known risk factor for GC,but the specific mechanism remains unclear.During GC development in both humans and animals,BAs serve as signaling molecules that induce metabolic reprogramming.This confers additional cancer phenotypes,including ferroptosis sensitivity.Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation that contributes universally to malignant progression.However,it is not fully defined if BAs can influence GC progression by modulating ferroptosis.AIM To reveal the mechanism of BAs regulation in ferroptosis of GC cells.METHODS In this study,we treated GC cells with various stimuli and evaluated the effect of BAs on the sensitivity to ferroptosis.We used gain and loss of function assays to examine the impacts of farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and BTB and CNC homology 1(BACH1)overexpression and knockdown to obtain further insights into the molecular mechanism involved.RESULTS Our data suggested that BAs could reverse erastin-induced ferroptosis in GC cells.This effect correlated with increased glutathione(GSH)concentrations,a reduced GSH to oxidized GSH ratio,and higher GSH peroxidase 4(GPX4)expression levels.Subsequently,we confirmed that BAs exerted these effects by activating FXR,which markedly increased the expression of GSH synthetase and GPX4.Notably,BACH1 was detected as an essential intermediate molecule in the promotion of GSH synthesis by BAs and FXR.Finally,our results suggested that FXR could significantly promote GC cell proliferation,which may be closely related to its anti-ferroptosis effect.CONCLUSION This study revealed for the first time that BAs could inhibit ferroptosis sensitivity through the FXR-BACH1-GSHGPX4 axis in GC cells.This work provided new insights into the mechanism associated with BA-mediated promotion of GC and may help identify potential therapeutic targets for GC patients with BAs reflux.展开更多
Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/i...Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple leaves.Furthermore,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with Cf.Following Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(JA),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related genes.The overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected leaves.The results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,JA and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes activity.This jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple.展开更多
Comparative experiments and theoretical analysis of the surface chemistry changes of goethite(GT)and goethite containing Ni(GTN)in the lattice in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid(SA)were performed.It was reveale...Comparative experiments and theoretical analysis of the surface chemistry changes of goethite(GT)and goethite containing Ni(GTN)in the lattice in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid(SA)were performed.It was revealed that in the presence of 100 g·t^(-1)of SA,the flotation recovery of GTN and GT increased with increasing pH,achieving a maximum recovery of 98.9%for both minerals at p H 8.3 and decreasing beyond that pH,with GTN having a slightly higher recovery than GT,except at pH 8.3.This was further confirmed by the higher complexation energies of GTN···SA(-883.87 kJ·mol^(-1))compared with GT···SA(-604.23 kJ·mol^(-1))resulting from covalent,closed-shell,and conventional hydrogen bonding.The higher adsorption of SA onto GTN relative to GT was due to the formation of aπ-hole in GTN,thereby promoting a higher interaction of the collector with the mineral.Thus,the presence of Ni in the GT lattice improves and decreases the adsorption and desorption of SA onto and from the mineral,respectively,compared with those onto and from GT.展开更多
BACKGROUND Analyzing the variations in serum bile acid(BA)profile can provide a certain biological basis for early warning and prevention of various diseases.There is currently no comprehensive study on the relationsh...BACKGROUND Analyzing the variations in serum bile acid(BA)profile can provide a certain biological basis for early warning and prevention of various diseases.There is currently no comprehensive study on the relationship between the serum BA profile and colonic polyps.AIM To study the serum BA profile detection results of patients with colonic polyps,and analyze the correlation between BA and colonic polyps.METHODS From January 1,2022,to June 1,2023,204 patients with colonic polyps who were diagnosed and treated at Zhongda Hospital Southeast University were chosen as the study subjects,and 135 non-polyp people who underwent physical examination were chosen as the control group.Gathering all patients'clinical information,typical biochemical indicators,and BA profile.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the serum levels of taurocholic acid,glycocholic acid,glycochenodeoxycholic acid,and taurochenodeoxycholic acid in the colonic polyp group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while the content of deoxycholic acid(DCA)was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).When colonic polyps were analyzed as subgroups,it was shown that there was a strong correlation between changes in the BA profile and polyp diameter,location,morphology,pathological kind,etc.CONCLUSION The serum BA profile showed significant changes in patients with colonic polyps,with a significant increase in primary conjugated BA content and a decrease in secondary free bile acid DCA content.There is a certain correlation between primary free BA and pathological parameters of polyps.展开更多
To produce paraffin from hydrogenation/deoxygenation of palmitic acid,model compound of bio-oil obtained by hydrothermal liquefaction(HTL)of microalgae has been an attractive focus in recent years.In order to avoid en...To produce paraffin from hydrogenation/deoxygenation of palmitic acid,model compound of bio-oil obtained by hydrothermal liquefaction(HTL)of microalgae has been an attractive focus in recent years.In order to avoid energy-intensive separation process of water and bio-oil,it is of importance that deoxygenation upgrading of fatty acids under hydrothermal conditions similar to HTL process.Herein,it is the first time to explore the application of activated carbon(AC)-supported non-noble-metal catalysts,such as Ni,Co,and Mo,and so on,in the hydrothermal hydrogenation/deoxygenation of long-chain fatty acids,and the obtained Ni/AC-H(the Ni/AC was further H_(2)pre-reduced)is one of the best catalysts.In addition,it is found that the catalytic activity can be further improved by H_(2)pre-reduction of catalyst.Characterization results that are more low valences of nickel and oxygen vacancy can be obtained after H_(2)pre-reduction,thus significant promoting the deoxygenation especially the decarbonylation pathway of fatty acids.The total alkanes yield can reaches 95.9%at optimal conditions(280℃,360 min).This work confirmed that the low-priced AC-supported non-noble-metal catalysts have great potential compared with the noble-metal catalyst,in hydrothermal upgrading of bio-oil.展开更多
Phthalic acid is a main pollutant, which is also an important reason for the continuous cropping effect of tobacco. In order to degrade the phthalic acid accumulated in the environment and relieve the obstacle effect ...Phthalic acid is a main pollutant, which is also an important reason for the continuous cropping effect of tobacco. In order to degrade the phthalic acid accumulated in the environment and relieve the obstacle effect of tobacco continuous cropping caused by the accumulation of phthalic acid in the soil. In this study, phthalate degrading bacteria B3 is screened from continuous cropping tobacco soil. The results of biochemical identification and 16sDNA comparison show that the homology between degrading bacterium B3 and Enterobacter sp. is 99%. At the same time, the growth of Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. B3 and the degradation of phthalic acid under different environmental conditions are studied. The results show that the environment with a temperature of 30˚C, PH of 7, and inoculation amount of not less than 1.2%, which is the optimal growth conditions for Enterobacter sp. B3. In an environment with a concentration of phthalic acid not exceeding 500 mg/L, Enterobacter sp. B3 has a better effect on phthalic acid degradation, and the degradation rate can reach 77% in 7 d. The results of indoor potting experiments on tobacco show that the degradation rate of phthalic acid by Enterobacter B3 in the soil is about 45%, which can reduce the inhibitory effect of phthalic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings. This study enriches the microbial resources for degrading phthalic acid and provides a theoretical basis for alleviating tobacco continuous cropping obstacles.展开更多
Coula edulis is non-timber forest product (NTFP) used in Africa for its hazelnuts, which contain edible seeds with a demonstrated nutritional potential. However, there have been very few scientific studies of this spe...Coula edulis is non-timber forest product (NTFP) used in Africa for its hazelnuts, which contain edible seeds with a demonstrated nutritional potential. However, there have been very few scientific studies of this species in the Republic of Congo. Thus, the aim of the current study was therefore to determine the fatty acid composition of the oil extracted from Coula edulis hazelnut seeds collected at random in the Republic of Congo. The oil was extracted using the Soxhlet method and its fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. The extracted oil from Coula edulis hazelnut kernels is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (95.28%), particularly oleic acid (94.5%), which classifies it as an oleic oil and gives it interesting nutritional and therapeutic properties. On the other hand, saturated fatty acids (4.15%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.35%) are not well represented. Its low poly-unsaturated fatty acid content makes it more stable when stored at room temperature.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (No. 30730094)the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period (No. 2007BAI18B13)
文摘The protective roles of α-lipoic acid in the rat model of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 4834bp deletion in inner ear were investigated. Forty female Wistar rats at 4 weeks of age were divided into four groups: group A (D-galactose group, n=10), group B (D-galactose+α-lipoic acid group, n=10), group C (α-lipoic acid group, n=10), and group D (control group, n=10). Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was used to detect the hearing threshold. Colorimetry was used to analyze activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). The percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion in inner ear was identified by real-time PCR. There was no significant difference in ABR threshold shift among all groups. The percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion in group A was higher than that in other groups, but there was no significant difference in percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion among groups B, C, and D. The activity of SOD in group A was lower than that in other groups. The concentration of MDA in group A was higher than that in other groups. It was concluded that there was no significant hearing loss when the percentage of mtDNA4834bp deletion was lower than 12.5%. α-Lipoic acid could prevent the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced mtDNA4834bp deletion in inner ear of rats.
文摘The aim of the present study was to observe the protective effects of α-lipoic acid(ALA)on vascular injury in rats with hyperuricemia(HUA).The ALA treatment groups(10,30 and 90 mg/kg,respectively)were administered with ALA via gavage for 2 weeks.Subsequently,the levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(CREA),uric acid(UA),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein-C(HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein-C(LDL-C)were measured;the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT),malonaldehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and xanthine oxidase(XOD)were also determined.The thoracic aorta of rats in each experimental group was observed under a light microscope;ultrastructural analysis was performed.SOD and CAT protein contents were investigated by Western blotting.The results revealed that:i)Compared with the model group,the levels of UA were decreased in the ALA groups and the levels of BUN,CREA,TC,and LDL-C decreased in the 30 and 90 mg/kg ALA groups(P<0.05);ii)compared with the model group,the activities of GSH-Px,SOD and XOD were increased and the levels of MDA were reduced in the 90 mg/kg ALA group (P<0.05);and iii)in the model and 10 mg/kg ALA groups,edema and shedding were observed in endothelial cells.Compared with the model and 10 mg/kg ALA groups,the 30 and 90 mg/kg ALA groups exhibited fewer swollen endothelial cells.In summary,the results of the present study indicated that HUA resulted in vascular oxidative stress injury and decreased the activity of antioxidative enzymes,which leads to endothelial cell damage and vascular lesions.ALA may serve as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of HUA-induced endothelial dysfunction.
基金National natural science foundation of China(No.81701891)Guided scientific research project of Shiyan science and technology bureau(No.18Y63)。
文摘Objective:To use high-frequency ultrasound to evaluate the efficacy ofα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),so as to provide a basis for clinical medication and evaluation of therapeutic effect.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2019,110 patients with DPN who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into observation group and control group according to different treatment plans.The control group was treated withα-lipoic acid,and the observation group was treated withα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine encapsulation treatment,and used high-frequency ultrasound,nerve conduction velocity and serological examination to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the two treatment methods.Results:The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE)value of the observation group and the control group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05);After treatment,the SCV of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Similar to SCV,the MCV of the three nerves measured after treatment in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared between the groups after treatment,the three kinds of nerve SCV and MCV in the observation group were significantly faster than those in the control group(P<0.05).The cross-sectional area(CSA)value of the ulnar nerve,median nerve and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared with the control group after treatment,the three nerves CSA in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Abnormal ultrasound performance:The proportion of abnormal ultrasound performances of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).The composition ratio of internal echo reduction and ambiguity in the observation group after three nerve treatments was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).In the correlation analysis,the three kinds of nerve CSA before and after treatment were negatively correlated with SCV and amplitude(P<0.05),and positively correlated with latency(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination ofα-lipoic acid and Chinese medicine encapsulation technology has a good effect on the treatment and repair of DPN nerve damage,and can be routinely applied in clinical treatment.High-frequency ultrasound can intuitively observe changes in peripheral nerves and can be used to evaluate the prognosis of DPN.
文摘In this paper we described the effect of administrated CoQ10, and alfa-lipoic acid on the concentration of total CoQ10 inplasma end body tissues of eggs laying hens. Organisms raise a complex network of enzymes, metabolites and molecules with antioxidant activities in order to prevent oxidative damage of theirs bodies. Adequate blood concentrations of small weight molecules ingested with food and food additives are important for the proper functioning of the antioxidant defense. To test this hypothesis we prepared following experiment. Forty weeks old hens were selected from two genotypes;Ross 308 broiler mothers and Lohmann breed hens. Animals were fed for a period of 84 days. Concentrations of supplemented CoQ10 and ALAwere calculated from feed instruction tables so each hen received an average of approximately 5 mg of CoQ10 and 50 mg ofALAper kg of animal weight per day. During the experiment blood samples were taken and at the end of the experiment different body tissues (heart, liver, breast, legs) were collected and analyzed with originally developed HPLC-MS/MS method based selective ionization with LiCl on MRM scanning. We found a number of interesting and unexpected results. Supplemented CoQ10 increased concentrations of coenzyme CoQ10 inplasma and different hen’s tissues. Increased concentration of CoQ10 is the result of its transfer with chylomicrons from the digestive tract to various organs of the body and to the liver where exogenous and endogenous CoQ10 has been re-redistributed through lipoproteins. Supplemented ALA caused much greater concentration of CoQ10 indifferent tissues and plasma then CoQ10. Plausible explanation of our results is such that ALA may regenerates the antioxidants and accelerate the formation of endogenous CoQ10 which is distributed with lipoprotein carriers and increases overall concentration of CoQ10. Our experiments definitely show that Lipoic acid beside glutathione promotes also a synthesis of CoQ10 and increases the total concentration especially in liver and heart tissues.
文摘Objective: To explore the influence of α-Lipoic acid adjuvant therapy on glucose metabolism, peripheral nerve conduction velocity and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A total of 92 cases of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were divided into observation group and control group according to the odd and even admission number, 46 cases in each group. All patients were given the conventional treatment, on this basis, patients in control group were given orally Pancreatic Kinionoge, patients in observation group were given α-Lipoic acid intravenous injection. They were treated for 14 d. The following indicators were observed in two groups before and after treatment: glucose metabolic index: fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c);peripheral nerve conduction velocity, median nerve, sensory nerve conduction velocity of nervus peroneus communis (MCV) and motor nerve conduction velocity (SCV), ankle arm index (ABI) and inner diameter of lower limb artery (femoral artery, dorsalis pedis artery, popliteal artery), oxidative stress indicators: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results: Compared with before treatment, the FBG, 2hPBG, HbA1c level in two groups after treatment were significantly reduced, but the difference of intergroup after treatment was no statistical significance;MCV and SCV of median nerve and nervus peroneus communis was increased significantly than control group after treatment, moreover MCV and SCV of median nerve and nervus peroneus communis in observation group were higher than control group after treatment, the difference was significant. After treatment, ABI and femoral artery, dorsalis pedis arteries, popliteal artery inner diameter in two groups were increased significantly, moreover after treatment the above level in observation group was obviously higher than control group, there was significant difference. After treatment, the MDA in observation group were reduced significantly and SOD level increased significantly, difference was statistically significant compared with before treatment and control group after the treatment;The difference in control group compared between before treatment and after treatment had no statistical significance. Conclusion: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy treated adjuvantly by α-Lipoic acid can significantly improve lower limb blood supply, improve the peripheral nerve conduction velocity, reduce level of oxidative stress, the effect on glucose metabolism still need long course of observation.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects ofα-lipoic acid on oxidative stress, vascular endothelium function and renal function in diabetic nephropathy patients.Methods: According to random data table method, a total of 80 patients with diabetic nephropathy from September 2016 to August 2017 were divided into observation group and control group (n=40). The patients of control group were treated with routine therapy while the patients of observation group were given intravenous infusion ofα-lipoic acid on the basis of conventional therapy. The levels of oxidative stress, vascular endothelium function and renal function changes were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment.Results:The levels of SOD, MDA, NO, ET-1, RBP and CysC in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant. Compared with the levels before treatment, the level of SOD in the observation group was significantly increased and the level of MDA was significantly decreased;the level of SOD in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the level of MDA was significantly lower than that of the control group;the above differences were statistically significant. The levels of SOD and MDA had no significant changes in the control group before and after treatment. After treatment, the levels of ET-1, RBP and CysC in the two groups were significantly lower than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group levels were significantly lower than those in the control group;the levels of NO in the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group;the above differences were statistically significant.Conclusions: On the basis of conventional treatment, combining withα-lipoic acid can better reduce the level of oxidative stress, improve vascular endothelial function, renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy, which has an important clinical value.
文摘Objective: To discuss the effect of α-lipoic acid combined with nerve growth factor on bone metabolism, oxidative stress and nerve conduction function after femoral fracture surgery. Methods: A total of 110 patients with femoral fracture who received surgical treatment in the hospital between January 2015 and January 2017 were collected and divided into the control group (n=55) and study group (n=55) by random number table. Control group received postoperative nerve growth factor therapy, and study group received postoperative α-lipoic acid combined with nerve growth factor therapy. The differences in the contents of bone metabolism and oxidative stress indexes as well as the levels of nerve conduction function indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in the contents of bone metabolism and oxidative stress indexes as well as the levels of nerve conduction function indexes were not statistically significant between the two groups. After treatment, serum bone metabolism indexes BGP and PⅠNP contents of study group were higher than those of control group while CTX-Ⅰ and TRAP contents were lower than those of control group;serum oxidative stress indexes TAC, CAT and SOD contents of study group were higher than those of control group while MDA content was lower than that of control group;limb nerve conduction velocity SCV and MCV levels of study group were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: α-lipoic acid combined with nerve growth factor therapy after femoral fracture surgery can effectively balance osteoblast/osteoclast activity, reduce oxidative stress and improve limb nerve conduction velocity.
基金supported by the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province,China (tsqn202211162)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22102079)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (ZR2021YQ10,ZR2022QB163)。
文摘The poor stability of RuO_(2)electrocatalysts has been the primary obstacles for their practical application in polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers.To dramatically enhance the durability of RuO_(2)to construct activity-stability trade-off model is full of significance but challenging.Herein,a single atom Zn stabilized RuO_(2)with enriched oxygen vacancies(SA Zn-RuO_(2))is developed as a promising alternative to iridium oxide for acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Compared with commercial RuO_(2),the enhanced Ru–O bond strength of SA Zn-RuO_(2)by forming Zn-O-Ru local structure motif is favorable to stabilize surface Ru,while the electrons transferred from Zn single atoms to adjacent Ru atoms protects the Ru active sites from overoxidation.Simultaneously,the optimized surrounding electronic structure of Ru sites in SA ZnRuO_(2)decreases the adsorption energies of OER intermediates to reduce the reaction barrier.As a result,the representative SA Zn-RuO_(2)exhibits a low overpotential of 210 mV to achieve 10 mA cm^(-2)and a greatly enhanced durability than commercial RuO_(2).This work provides a promising dual-engineering strategy by coupling single atom doping and vacancy for the tradeoff of high activity and catalytic stability toward acidic OER.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31871861 and 31501548)The Apicultural Industry Technology System(NCYTI-43-KXJ17)The Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2015-IAR)。
文摘The significant demand for high quality food has motivated us to adopt appropriate processing methods to improve the food nutritional quality and flavors.In this study,the effects of five drying methods,namely,pulsed vacuum drying(PVD),freeze drying(FD),infrared drying(IRD),hot-air drying(HAD)and sun drying(SD)on free amino acids(FAAs),α-dicarbonyl compounds(α-DCs)and volatile compounds(VOCs)in rape bee pollen(RBP)were determined.The results showed that FD significantly released the essential amino acids(EAAs)compared with fresh samples while SD caused the highest loss.Glucosone was the dominantα-DCs in RBP and the highest loss was observed after PVD.Aldehydes were the dominant volatiles of RBP and SD samples contained more new volatile substances(especially aldehydes)than the other four drying methods.Comprehensively,FD and PVD would be potential methods to effectively reduce the quality deterioration of RBP in the drying process.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972021)R&D Projects in Key Areas of Guangdong Province(2019B020212003)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(202206010177)Guangdong key research and development program(2021B0202060001)Foshan and agricultural academy cooperation projectGuangdong Modern Agriculture project(2022KJ117)Aquatic Products Center Project of GAAS。
文摘Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of the major foodborne pathogenic bacterial that cause infectious diseases in humans.The previous found that a combination of kojic acid and tea polyphenols exhibited better activity against E.coli O157:H7 than using either alone.This study aimed to explore responses underlying the antibacterial mechanisms of kojic acid and tea polyphenols from the gene level.The functional enrichment analysis by comparing kojic acid and tea polyphenols individually or synergistically against E.coli O157:H7 found that acid resistance systems in kojic acid were activated,and the cell membrane and genomic DNA were destructed in the cells,resulting in“oxygen starvation”.The oxidative stress response triggered by tea polyphenols inhibited both sulfur uptake and the synthesis of ATP,which affected the bacteria's life metabolic process.Interestingly,we found that kojic acid combined with tea polyphenols hindered the uptake of iron that played an essential role in the synthesis of DNA,respiration,tricarboxylic acid cycle.The results suggested that the iron uptake pathways may represent a novel approach for kojic acid and tea polyphenols synergistically against E.coli O157:H7 and provided a theoretical basis for bacterial pathogen control in the food industry.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC1605000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31871806)the Beijing Livestock Industry Innovation Team(BAIC05-2023)。
文摘Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM),which contains abundant glycoproteins and phospholipids,exerts beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunomodulation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and possible underlying mechanisms of MFGM on cow’s milk allergy(CMA)in aβ-lactoglobulin(BLG)-induced allergic mice model.MFGM was supplemented to allergic mice induced by BLG at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight.Results demonstrated that MFGM alleviated food allergy symptoms,decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide,pro-inflammatory cytokines,immunoglobulin(Ig)E,Ig G1,and Th2 cytokines including interleukin(IL)-4,while increased serum levels of Th1 cytokines including interferon-γand regulatory T cells(Tregs)cytokines including IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β.MFGM modulated gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier of BLG-allergic mice,as evidenced by decreased relative abundance of Desulfobacterota,Rikenellaceae,Lachnospiraceae,and Desulfovibrionaceae,while increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Lactobacillaceae and Muribaculaceae,and enhanced expressions of tight junction proteins including Occludin,Claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1.Furthermore,MFGM increased fecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,which elevated G protein-coupled receptor(GPR)43 and GPR109A expressions.The increased expressions of GPR43 and GPR109A induced CD103+dendritic cells accumulation and promoted Tregs differentiation in mesenteric lymph node to a certain extent.In summary,MFGM alleviated CMA in a BLG-induced allergic mice model through enhancing intestinal barrier and promoting Tregs differentiation,which may be correlated with SCFAs-mediated activation of GPRs.These findings suggest that MFGM may be useful as a promising functional ingredient against CMA.
基金financially supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52104395 and 52304365)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou,China(Nos.202102021080 and 2024A04J10006)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2902605)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Nos.2023A1515030145 and 2023A1515011847)。
文摘Traditional hydrometallurgical methods for recovering spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)involve acid leaching to simultaneously extract all valuable metals into the leachate.These methods usually are followed by a series of separation steps such as precipitation,extraction,and stripping to separate the individual valuable metals.In this study,we present a process for selectively leaching lithium through the synergistic effect of sulfuric and oxalic acids.Under optimal leaching conditions(leaching time of 1.5 h,leaching temperature of 70°C,liquid-solid ratio of 4 mL/g,oxalic acid ratio of 1.3,and sulfuric acid ratio of 1.3),the lithium leaching efficiency reached89.6%,and the leaching efficiencies of Ni,Co,and Mn were 12.8%,6.5%,and 21.7%.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES)analyses showed that most of the Ni,Co,and Mn in the raw material remained as solid residue oxides and oxalates.This study offers a new approach to enriching the relevant theory for selectively recovering lithium from spent LIBs.
基金supported by Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province,China (No.2022C03061)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52074204)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2023-vb-032).
文摘The proper recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)can promote the recovery and utilization of valuable resources,while also negative environmental effects resulting from the presence of toxic and hazardous substances.In this study,a new environmentally friendly hydro-metallurgical process was proposed for leaching lithium(Li),nickel(Ni),cobalt(Co),and manganese(Mn)from spent LIBs using sulfuric acid with citric acid as a reductant.The effects of the concentration of sulfuric acid,the leaching temperature,the leaching time,the solid-liquid ratio,and the reducing agent dosage on the leaching behavior of the above elements were investigated.Key parameters were optimized using response surface methodology(RSM)to maximize the recovery of metals from spent LIBs.The maxim-um recovery efficiencies of Li,Ni,Co,and Mn can reach 99.08%,98.76%,98.33%,and 97.63%.under the optimized conditions(the sulfuric acid concentration was 1.16 mol/L,the citric acid dosage was 15wt%,the solid-liquid ratio was 40 g/L,and the temperature was 83℃ for 120 min),respectively.It was found that in the collaborative leaching process of sulfuric acid and citric acid,the citric acid initially provided strong reducing CO_(2)^(-),and the transition metal ions in the high state underwent a reduction reaction to produce transition metal ions in the low state.Additionally,citric acid can also act as a proton donor and chelate with lower-priced transition metal ions,thus speeding up the dissolution process.
基金Supported by the Major Basic Research Project of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,No.ZR2020ZD15.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is associated with high mortality rates.Bile acids(BAs)reflux is a well-known risk factor for GC,but the specific mechanism remains unclear.During GC development in both humans and animals,BAs serve as signaling molecules that induce metabolic reprogramming.This confers additional cancer phenotypes,including ferroptosis sensitivity.Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation that contributes universally to malignant progression.However,it is not fully defined if BAs can influence GC progression by modulating ferroptosis.AIM To reveal the mechanism of BAs regulation in ferroptosis of GC cells.METHODS In this study,we treated GC cells with various stimuli and evaluated the effect of BAs on the sensitivity to ferroptosis.We used gain and loss of function assays to examine the impacts of farnesoid X receptor(FXR)and BTB and CNC homology 1(BACH1)overexpression and knockdown to obtain further insights into the molecular mechanism involved.RESULTS Our data suggested that BAs could reverse erastin-induced ferroptosis in GC cells.This effect correlated with increased glutathione(GSH)concentrations,a reduced GSH to oxidized GSH ratio,and higher GSH peroxidase 4(GPX4)expression levels.Subsequently,we confirmed that BAs exerted these effects by activating FXR,which markedly increased the expression of GSH synthetase and GPX4.Notably,BACH1 was detected as an essential intermediate molecule in the promotion of GSH synthesis by BAs and FXR.Finally,our results suggested that FXR could significantly promote GC cell proliferation,which may be closely related to its anti-ferroptosis effect.CONCLUSION This study revealed for the first time that BAs could inhibit ferroptosis sensitivity through the FXR-BACH1-GSHGPX4 axis in GC cells.This work provided new insights into the mechanism associated with BA-mediated promotion of GC and may help identify potential therapeutic targets for GC patients with BAs reflux.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD1000307)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32172529)+2 种基金the Special Funds for Major Scientific and Technological Innovation from Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2020zdzx03-0101)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-27)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2017M610657,2018T111108)。
文摘Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple leaves.Furthermore,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with Cf.Following Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(JA),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related genes.The overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected leaves.The results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,JA and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes activity.This jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple.
基金supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)and the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE)of the Republic of Korea(No.20227A10100010)。
文摘Comparative experiments and theoretical analysis of the surface chemistry changes of goethite(GT)and goethite containing Ni(GTN)in the lattice in the presence of salicylhydroxamic acid(SA)were performed.It was revealed that in the presence of 100 g·t^(-1)of SA,the flotation recovery of GTN and GT increased with increasing pH,achieving a maximum recovery of 98.9%for both minerals at p H 8.3 and decreasing beyond that pH,with GTN having a slightly higher recovery than GT,except at pH 8.3.This was further confirmed by the higher complexation energies of GTN···SA(-883.87 kJ·mol^(-1))compared with GT···SA(-604.23 kJ·mol^(-1))resulting from covalent,closed-shell,and conventional hydrogen bonding.The higher adsorption of SA onto GTN relative to GT was due to the formation of aπ-hole in GTN,thereby promoting a higher interaction of the collector with the mineral.Thus,the presence of Ni in the GT lattice improves and decreases the adsorption and desorption of SA onto and from the mineral,respectively,compared with those onto and from GT.
文摘BACKGROUND Analyzing the variations in serum bile acid(BA)profile can provide a certain biological basis for early warning and prevention of various diseases.There is currently no comprehensive study on the relationship between the serum BA profile and colonic polyps.AIM To study the serum BA profile detection results of patients with colonic polyps,and analyze the correlation between BA and colonic polyps.METHODS From January 1,2022,to June 1,2023,204 patients with colonic polyps who were diagnosed and treated at Zhongda Hospital Southeast University were chosen as the study subjects,and 135 non-polyp people who underwent physical examination were chosen as the control group.Gathering all patients'clinical information,typical biochemical indicators,and BA profile.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the serum levels of taurocholic acid,glycocholic acid,glycochenodeoxycholic acid,and taurochenodeoxycholic acid in the colonic polyp group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while the content of deoxycholic acid(DCA)was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).When colonic polyps were analyzed as subgroups,it was shown that there was a strong correlation between changes in the BA profile and polyp diameter,location,morphology,pathological kind,etc.CONCLUSION The serum BA profile showed significant changes in patients with colonic polyps,with a significant increase in primary conjugated BA content and a decrease in secondary free bile acid DCA content.There is a certain correlation between primary free BA and pathological parameters of polyps.
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(21838006,21776159)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1902101)。
文摘To produce paraffin from hydrogenation/deoxygenation of palmitic acid,model compound of bio-oil obtained by hydrothermal liquefaction(HTL)of microalgae has been an attractive focus in recent years.In order to avoid energy-intensive separation process of water and bio-oil,it is of importance that deoxygenation upgrading of fatty acids under hydrothermal conditions similar to HTL process.Herein,it is the first time to explore the application of activated carbon(AC)-supported non-noble-metal catalysts,such as Ni,Co,and Mo,and so on,in the hydrothermal hydrogenation/deoxygenation of long-chain fatty acids,and the obtained Ni/AC-H(the Ni/AC was further H_(2)pre-reduced)is one of the best catalysts.In addition,it is found that the catalytic activity can be further improved by H_(2)pre-reduction of catalyst.Characterization results that are more low valences of nickel and oxygen vacancy can be obtained after H_(2)pre-reduction,thus significant promoting the deoxygenation especially the decarbonylation pathway of fatty acids.The total alkanes yield can reaches 95.9%at optimal conditions(280℃,360 min).This work confirmed that the low-priced AC-supported non-noble-metal catalysts have great potential compared with the noble-metal catalyst,in hydrothermal upgrading of bio-oil.
文摘Phthalic acid is a main pollutant, which is also an important reason for the continuous cropping effect of tobacco. In order to degrade the phthalic acid accumulated in the environment and relieve the obstacle effect of tobacco continuous cropping caused by the accumulation of phthalic acid in the soil. In this study, phthalate degrading bacteria B3 is screened from continuous cropping tobacco soil. The results of biochemical identification and 16sDNA comparison show that the homology between degrading bacterium B3 and Enterobacter sp. is 99%. At the same time, the growth of Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. B3 and the degradation of phthalic acid under different environmental conditions are studied. The results show that the environment with a temperature of 30˚C, PH of 7, and inoculation amount of not less than 1.2%, which is the optimal growth conditions for Enterobacter sp. B3. In an environment with a concentration of phthalic acid not exceeding 500 mg/L, Enterobacter sp. B3 has a better effect on phthalic acid degradation, and the degradation rate can reach 77% in 7 d. The results of indoor potting experiments on tobacco show that the degradation rate of phthalic acid by Enterobacter B3 in the soil is about 45%, which can reduce the inhibitory effect of phthalic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings. This study enriches the microbial resources for degrading phthalic acid and provides a theoretical basis for alleviating tobacco continuous cropping obstacles.
文摘Coula edulis is non-timber forest product (NTFP) used in Africa for its hazelnuts, which contain edible seeds with a demonstrated nutritional potential. However, there have been very few scientific studies of this species in the Republic of Congo. Thus, the aim of the current study was therefore to determine the fatty acid composition of the oil extracted from Coula edulis hazelnut seeds collected at random in the Republic of Congo. The oil was extracted using the Soxhlet method and its fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. The extracted oil from Coula edulis hazelnut kernels is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (95.28%), particularly oleic acid (94.5%), which classifies it as an oleic oil and gives it interesting nutritional and therapeutic properties. On the other hand, saturated fatty acids (4.15%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.35%) are not well represented. Its low poly-unsaturated fatty acid content makes it more stable when stored at room temperature.
