三国孙吴时期,是典型的封建小农经济形式,耕织结合,农民自给自足,土地是主要的生产资料。通过分析长沙走马楼三国吴简税账发现,田税、米税、布税及人口税是孙吴赋税的主要形式。孙吴税赋政策符合封建社会小农经济的特点,国家实行重农政...三国孙吴时期,是典型的封建小农经济形式,耕织结合,农民自给自足,土地是主要的生产资料。通过分析长沙走马楼三国吴简税账发现,田税、米税、布税及人口税是孙吴赋税的主要形式。孙吴税赋政策符合封建社会小农经济的特点,国家实行重农政策和扶助小农的政策,保护赋税之源和维持封建统治的稳定,从小农生产结构中获取资源和利益;另一方面,繁重的税赋和刺激人口的政策导致人口过快增长,对小农经济产生了一定的消极作用。In the Sun Wu period of the Three Kingdoms, it exemplified a typical feudal small peasant economy characterized by an amalgamation of agriculture and weaving. Farmers were self-sufficient, with land serving as the primary means of production. By scrutinizing the tax records on bamboo slips from Zumalou, Changsha during the Three Kingdoms era, it becomes apparent that taxes on fields, rice, cloth, and population constituted the principal forms of taxation in Sun Wu. Sun Wu’s tax policy aligned with the attributes of a small-scale peasant economy within feudal society. The state implemented policies emphasizing agriculture and supporting small-scale peasants to safeguard their source of taxation while maintaining stability in feudal rule and reaping resources and benefits from the production structure of these peasants. Conversely, burdensome taxes coupled with population-stimulating measures resulted in excessive population growth which exerted certain adverse effects on the small peasant economy.展开更多
本文以两位汉学家伊维德和奚如谷的合译本《三国志平话》(Records of the Three Kingdoms in Plain Language)为研究对象,从译者行为批评理论的视角考察翻译内在生成性赋予《三国志平话》英译本的生命活力。研究发现,在翻译内层面,译文...本文以两位汉学家伊维德和奚如谷的合译本《三国志平话》(Records of the Three Kingdoms in Plain Language)为研究对象,从译者行为批评理论的视角考察翻译内在生成性赋予《三国志平话》英译本的生命活力。研究发现,在翻译内层面,译文求语言之真,重塑了原文本的叙事风格;在翻译外层面,译者通过学术性序言、大量的注释和参考文献拓展了学术空间,从而实现了学者型译者务西方汉学研究之实。作为学术性翻译的典范,该译本为中西学术的平等对话与三国系列文学艺术的多元传播提供了契机。展开更多
1925年,《中国科学美术杂志》在第3卷第5~8期连载了4篇题为“THE BATTLE OF RED CLIFF”的英文节译文,译者均为潘子延。然而,学界目前尚未就这几篇译文的底本考辨问题展开讨论。文章以《三国演义》存世原本为参照,分别从字(词)、句两个...1925年,《中国科学美术杂志》在第3卷第5~8期连载了4篇题为“THE BATTLE OF RED CLIFF”的英文节译文,译者均为潘子延。然而,学界目前尚未就这几篇译文的底本考辨问题展开讨论。文章以《三国演义》存世原本为参照,分别从字(词)、句两个层面出发,通过五种方法进行考辨,最终判定译文的主要底本为毛宗岗评本,极少部分内容源自嘉靖本。此译文底本问题的厘清有助于深化关于《三国演义》及译者潘子延的翻译研究,同时也希冀学界对译文底本问题给予更多重视与讨论。展开更多
文摘三国孙吴时期,是典型的封建小农经济形式,耕织结合,农民自给自足,土地是主要的生产资料。通过分析长沙走马楼三国吴简税账发现,田税、米税、布税及人口税是孙吴赋税的主要形式。孙吴税赋政策符合封建社会小农经济的特点,国家实行重农政策和扶助小农的政策,保护赋税之源和维持封建统治的稳定,从小农生产结构中获取资源和利益;另一方面,繁重的税赋和刺激人口的政策导致人口过快增长,对小农经济产生了一定的消极作用。In the Sun Wu period of the Three Kingdoms, it exemplified a typical feudal small peasant economy characterized by an amalgamation of agriculture and weaving. Farmers were self-sufficient, with land serving as the primary means of production. By scrutinizing the tax records on bamboo slips from Zumalou, Changsha during the Three Kingdoms era, it becomes apparent that taxes on fields, rice, cloth, and population constituted the principal forms of taxation in Sun Wu. Sun Wu’s tax policy aligned with the attributes of a small-scale peasant economy within feudal society. The state implemented policies emphasizing agriculture and supporting small-scale peasants to safeguard their source of taxation while maintaining stability in feudal rule and reaping resources and benefits from the production structure of these peasants. Conversely, burdensome taxes coupled with population-stimulating measures resulted in excessive population growth which exerted certain adverse effects on the small peasant economy.
文摘本文以两位汉学家伊维德和奚如谷的合译本《三国志平话》(Records of the Three Kingdoms in Plain Language)为研究对象,从译者行为批评理论的视角考察翻译内在生成性赋予《三国志平话》英译本的生命活力。研究发现,在翻译内层面,译文求语言之真,重塑了原文本的叙事风格;在翻译外层面,译者通过学术性序言、大量的注释和参考文献拓展了学术空间,从而实现了学者型译者务西方汉学研究之实。作为学术性翻译的典范,该译本为中西学术的平等对话与三国系列文学艺术的多元传播提供了契机。
文摘1925年,《中国科学美术杂志》在第3卷第5~8期连载了4篇题为“THE BATTLE OF RED CLIFF”的英文节译文,译者均为潘子延。然而,学界目前尚未就这几篇译文的底本考辨问题展开讨论。文章以《三国演义》存世原本为参照,分别从字(词)、句两个层面出发,通过五种方法进行考辨,最终判定译文的主要底本为毛宗岗评本,极少部分内容源自嘉靖本。此译文底本问题的厘清有助于深化关于《三国演义》及译者潘子延的翻译研究,同时也希冀学界对译文底本问题给予更多重视与讨论。
