The phenomenon described here has no scientific title, but occurs frequently in daily living, from science to philosophy, religion, and medicine. In every field of human endeavor, when a view is expressed, sharp and p...The phenomenon described here has no scientific title, but occurs frequently in daily living, from science to philosophy, religion, and medicine. In every field of human endeavor, when a view is expressed, sharp and profound differences of opinion ensue. Initially, we coin this phenomenon as ＂understanding blindness＂ or ＂mind＇s awareness.＂ Thereafter, we decide to refer to it as ＂mind blindness,＂ a concept introduced to science by Professor Simon Baron-Cohen, who coins it for a cognitive disorder associated with autism, Asperger＇s syndrome, and schizophrenia. Baron-Cohen＇s usage has subsequently been extended to dementia, bi-polar disorders, antisocial personality disorders, and even normal aging. In our view, definition and identification of ＂mind blindness＂ in philosophy, religion, science, medicine, and at end-of-life care can help mankind to better understand mechanisms of human behavior, and the causes of conflicts, controversies, contradictions, and sharp differences of opinion in human life, and even to solve some of them.展开更多
For a domestic personal robot, personalized services are as important as predesigned tasks, because the robot needs to adjust the home state based on the operator's habits. An operator's habits are composed of...For a domestic personal robot, personalized services are as important as predesigned tasks, because the robot needs to adjust the home state based on the operator's habits. An operator's habits are composed of cues, behaviors, and rewards. This article introduces behavioral footprints to describe the operator's behaviors in a house, and applies the inverse reinforcement learning technique to extract the operator's habits, represented by a reward function. We implemented the proposed approach with a mobile robot on indoor temperature adjustment, and compared this approach with a baseline method that recorded all the cues and behaviors of the operator. The result shows that the proposed approach allows the robot to reveal the operator's habits accurately and adjust the environment state accordingly.展开更多
There is a long and rich tradition in the social sciences of using models of collective behavior in animals as jump- ing-off points for the study of human behavior, including collective human behavior. Here, we come a...There is a long and rich tradition in the social sciences of using models of collective behavior in animals as jump- ing-off points for the study of human behavior, including collective human behavior. Here, we come at the problem in a slightly different fashion. We ask whether models of collective human behavior have anything to offer those who study animal behavior. Our brief example of tipping points, a model first developed in the physical sciences and later used in the social sciences, suggests that the analysis of human collective behavior does indeed have considerable to offer展开更多
To study the transition dynamics of resistant-type human immunodeficiency virus 1 （HIV-1） in highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART） and the affect of neutral mutation in the evolution of HIV-1, a mathematica...To study the transition dynamics of resistant-type human immunodeficiency virus 1 （HIV-1） in highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART） and the affect of neutral mutation in the evolution of HIV-1, a mathematical model is proposed when mutation occurs mainly during reproduction. The derived results show that the resistant-type will certainly colonize in patients once mutation occurs. Furthermore, a neutral mutation is closely related to the colonized pattern of resistant-type HIV-1 quasispecies and there are some changes in the pattern of transmission dynamics when mutation occurs mainly during reproduction or in the absence of reproduction, which may lead to significant strategies for predicting or checking HIV-1 drug resistance in HAART.展开更多
文摘The phenomenon described here has no scientific title, but occurs frequently in daily living, from science to philosophy, religion, and medicine. In every field of human endeavor, when a view is expressed, sharp and profound differences of opinion ensue. Initially, we coin this phenomenon as ＂understanding blindness＂ or ＂mind＇s awareness.＂ Thereafter, we decide to refer to it as ＂mind blindness,＂ a concept introduced to science by Professor Simon Baron-Cohen, who coins it for a cognitive disorder associated with autism, Asperger＇s syndrome, and schizophrenia. Baron-Cohen＇s usage has subsequently been extended to dementia, bi-polar disorders, antisocial personality disorders, and even normal aging. In our view, definition and identification of ＂mind blindness＂ in philosophy, religion, science, medicine, and at end-of-life care can help mankind to better understand mechanisms of human behavior, and the causes of conflicts, controversies, contradictions, and sharp differences of opinion in human life, and even to solve some of them.
基金supported in part by Hong Kong RGC GRC (CUHK14205914 and CUHK415512)
文摘For a domestic personal robot, personalized services are as important as predesigned tasks, because the robot needs to adjust the home state based on the operator's habits. An operator's habits are composed of cues, behaviors, and rewards. This article introduces behavioral footprints to describe the operator's behaviors in a house, and applies the inverse reinforcement learning technique to extract the operator's habits, represented by a reward function. We implemented the proposed approach with a mobile robot on indoor temperature adjustment, and compared this approach with a baseline method that recorded all the cues and behaviors of the operator. The result shows that the proposed approach allows the robot to reveal the operator's habits accurately and adjust the environment state accordingly.
文摘There is a long and rich tradition in the social sciences of using models of collective behavior in animals as jump- ing-off points for the study of human behavior, including collective human behavior. Here, we come at the problem in a slightly different fashion. We ask whether models of collective human behavior have anything to offer those who study animal behavior. Our brief example of tipping points, a model first developed in the physical sciences and later used in the social sciences, suggests that the analysis of human collective behavior does indeed have considerable to offer
基金Acknowledgments This work is supported by the National Natural Science Fund of P. R. China （No. 11271369） and the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC （2010BB5020）.
文摘To study the transition dynamics of resistant-type human immunodeficiency virus 1 （HIV-1） in highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART） and the affect of neutral mutation in the evolution of HIV-1, a mathematical model is proposed when mutation occurs mainly during reproduction. The derived results show that the resistant-type will certainly colonize in patients once mutation occurs. Furthermore, a neutral mutation is closely related to the colonized pattern of resistant-type HIV-1 quasispecies and there are some changes in the pattern of transmission dynamics when mutation occurs mainly during reproduction or in the absence of reproduction, which may lead to significant strategies for predicting or checking HIV-1 drug resistance in HAART.
