缺血性脑卒中是中老年人致残及死亡的主要原因,完善脑卒中的治疗方案并改善患者的生活质量已然成为当今医学研究的热点。铁死亡是最新研究发现的细胞程序性死亡,对脑缺血-再灌注的发病机制有重要的调控作用,肿瘤抑制因子p53(Tumor Suppr...缺血性脑卒中是中老年人致残及死亡的主要原因,完善脑卒中的治疗方案并改善患者的生活质量已然成为当今医学研究的热点。铁死亡是最新研究发现的细胞程序性死亡,对脑缺血-再灌注的发病机制有重要的调控作用,肿瘤抑制因子p53(Tumor Suppressor Protein p53,P53)/溶质载体家族7成员11蛋白(Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11,SLC7A11)是铁死亡过程中的重要信号传导通路,与缺血性脑卒中的生理病理息息相关,但目前关于此通路作用于缺血性脑卒中的机制仍需更多的循证医学证据。中药作为公认的多靶点治疗手段,是治疗缺血性脑卒中细胞铁死亡的一种手段,也对P53/SLC7A11信号传导通路发挥了关键的调控作用。但目前铁死亡参与缺血性脑卒中的作用机制未完全阐明,中药如何调控铁死亡相关信号通路尚处于探索阶段,随着相关研究的深入,中药作用于铁死亡信号通路的机制会更加清晰,中药复合提取物与中药活性物质可能是缺血性脑卒中铁死亡未来的研究方向和治疗前景。目前P53/SLC7A11信号传导通路研究以基础研究为主,随着研究的进展,应将基础研究与临床研究相结合,以期开展新药研发,为缺血性脑卒中提供新的治疗手段和途径。文章对P53/SLC7A11信号传导通路在缺血性脑卒中疾病中的调控过程以及中药对此信号传导通路所产生的效力进行综合性叙述,以期为缺血性脑卒中的临床治疗及预防提供新的策略。展开更多
目的:为进一步研究中药单体的抗癌作用提供参考。方法:以“磷脂酰肌醇3 激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白通路”“中药”“中药单体”“恶性肿瘤”“PI3K/Akt/mTOR”“Chinese herbal medicine”“Traditional Chinese medicine m...目的:为进一步研究中药单体的抗癌作用提供参考。方法:以“磷脂酰肌醇3 激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白通路”“中药”“中药单体”“恶性肿瘤”“PI3K/Akt/mTOR”“Chinese herbal medicine”“Traditional Chinese medicine monomer”“Neoplasm”“Tumor”等为关键词:,在中国知网、万方数据、维普网、PubMed、Embase 等数据库中组合查询2008-2018 年发表的相关文献,从抑制癌细胞生长和抗耐药两方面对基于磷脂酰肌醇3 激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(PI3K/Akt/mTOR)信号传导通路的抗癌中药单体的相关研究结果进行归纳总结。结果与结论:共检索到相关文献330 篇,其中有效文献39 篇。目前研究证实了不少中药单体具有抗癌作用,包括穿心莲内酯、β-榄香烯、麦冬皂苷、桔梗皂苷、芹菜素、青藤碱等中药单体的抗肺癌作用,漆黄素、秦皮素、华蟾素、黑米花青素、鱼藤素等中药单体的抗乳腺癌作用,地肤子皂苷、蛇床子素、异荭草素、姜黄素等中药单体的抗肝癌作用,龙葵碱、五味子乙素、竹节香附素A、石见穿多糖、瓜蒌果实提取物TKP蛋白、姜黄素等中药单体的抗肠癌作用,二氢青蒿素、黄芩苷、人参皂苷Rg3、没食子酸、白藜芦醇等中药单体的抗胃癌作用,重楼皂苷Ⅰ、川芎嗪的抗胰腺癌、抗前列腺癌作用,姜黄素、苦参碱、黄芪皂苷Ⅱ、新型二萜类化合物Jaridon 6 的抗耐药作用等。中药单体可通过抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号传导通路,发挥诱导癌细胞自噬死亡、促进细胞凋亡、抑制耐药相关基因表达的作用。鉴于目前中药单体本身作用靶点单一、抗癌谱较窄、缺乏临床上标准用药的“头对头试验”的抑瘤效果对比,今后应通过多途径进一步论证这些单体的抗癌作用。展开更多
Nuclear distribution gene C （NudC） was first found in Aspergillus nidulans as an upstream regulator of NudF, whose mamma- lian homolog is Lissencephaly 1 （Lisl）. NudC is conserved from fungi to mammals. Vertebrate...Nuclear distribution gene C （NudC） was first found in Aspergillus nidulans as an upstream regulator of NudF, whose mamma- lian homolog is Lissencephaly 1 （Lisl）. NudC is conserved from fungi to mammals. Vertebrate NudC has three homologs： NudC, NudC-like protein （NudCL）, and NudC-like protein 2 （NudCL2）. All members of the NudC family share a conserved p23 domain, which possesses chaperone activity both in conjunction with and independently of heat shock protein 90 （Hsp90）. Our group and the others found that NudC homologs were involved in cell cycle regulation by stabilizing the components of the LIS l/dynein complex. Additionally, NudC plays important roles in cell migration, ciliogenesis, thrombopoiesis, and the in- flammatory response. It has been reported that NudCL is essential for the stability of the dynein intermediate chain and cilio- genesis via its interaction with the dynein 2 complex. Our data showed that NudCL2 regulates the LISl/dynein pathway by stabilizing LIS 1 with Hsp90 chaperone. The fourth distantly related member of the NudC family, CML66, a tumor-associated antigen in human leukemia, contains a p23 domain and appears to promote oncogenesis by regulating the IGF-1R-MAPK sig- naling pathway. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the NudC family and highlight its potential clinical relevance.展开更多
The Drosophila visual transduction is the fastest known G protein-coupled signaling cascade and has been served as a model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of other G protein-coupled signaling cascades. Numb...The Drosophila visual transduction is the fastest known G protein-coupled signaling cascade and has been served as a model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of other G protein-coupled signaling cascades. Numbers of components in visual transduction machinery have been identified. Based on the functional characterization of these genes, a model for Drosophila phototransduction has been outlined, including rhodopsin activation, phosphoinoside signaling, and the opening of TRP and TRPL channels. Recently, the characterization of mutants, showing slow termination, revealed the physiological significance and the mechanism of rapid termination of light response.展开更多
Ginsenosides are the main active components of ginseng,which have been reported to target brain tissues and produce multiple neuroprotective effects.Ginsenosides have been shown to improve learning ability and memory ...Ginsenosides are the main active components of ginseng,which have been reported to target brain tissues and produce multiple neuroprotective effects.Ginsenosides have been shown to improve learning ability and memory in normal aged animals,and in an animal model of memory impairment.However,its underlying pharmacological mechanisms are very complicated,especially with regard to its effects on the activation of protein kinases in neurons.Previous reports have shown that some protein kinases may be affected by ginsenosides,including protein kinase C,calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ,c-Jun-N terminal kinase,and protein tyrosine kinase.In this paper,protein kinases that may underlie the mechanisms of ginsenosides will be discussed.展开更多
文摘缺血性脑卒中是中老年人致残及死亡的主要原因,完善脑卒中的治疗方案并改善患者的生活质量已然成为当今医学研究的热点。铁死亡是最新研究发现的细胞程序性死亡,对脑缺血-再灌注的发病机制有重要的调控作用,肿瘤抑制因子p53(Tumor Suppressor Protein p53,P53)/溶质载体家族7成员11蛋白(Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11,SLC7A11)是铁死亡过程中的重要信号传导通路,与缺血性脑卒中的生理病理息息相关,但目前关于此通路作用于缺血性脑卒中的机制仍需更多的循证医学证据。中药作为公认的多靶点治疗手段,是治疗缺血性脑卒中细胞铁死亡的一种手段,也对P53/SLC7A11信号传导通路发挥了关键的调控作用。但目前铁死亡参与缺血性脑卒中的作用机制未完全阐明,中药如何调控铁死亡相关信号通路尚处于探索阶段,随着相关研究的深入,中药作用于铁死亡信号通路的机制会更加清晰,中药复合提取物与中药活性物质可能是缺血性脑卒中铁死亡未来的研究方向和治疗前景。目前P53/SLC7A11信号传导通路研究以基础研究为主,随着研究的进展,应将基础研究与临床研究相结合,以期开展新药研发,为缺血性脑卒中提供新的治疗手段和途径。文章对P53/SLC7A11信号传导通路在缺血性脑卒中疾病中的调控过程以及中药对此信号传导通路所产生的效力进行综合性叙述,以期为缺血性脑卒中的临床治疗及预防提供新的策略。
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2012CB945004, 2013CB945603)Natural Scientific Foundation of China (31125017, 31190063, 31100975, 31301149, 31471259)the 111 Project (B13026)
文摘Nuclear distribution gene C （NudC） was first found in Aspergillus nidulans as an upstream regulator of NudF, whose mamma- lian homolog is Lissencephaly 1 （Lisl）. NudC is conserved from fungi to mammals. Vertebrate NudC has three homologs： NudC, NudC-like protein （NudCL）, and NudC-like protein 2 （NudCL2）. All members of the NudC family share a conserved p23 domain, which possesses chaperone activity both in conjunction with and independently of heat shock protein 90 （Hsp90）. Our group and the others found that NudC homologs were involved in cell cycle regulation by stabilizing the components of the LIS l/dynein complex. Additionally, NudC plays important roles in cell migration, ciliogenesis, thrombopoiesis, and the in- flammatory response. It has been reported that NudCL is essential for the stability of the dynein intermediate chain and cilio- genesis via its interaction with the dynein 2 complex. Our data showed that NudCL2 regulates the LISl/dynein pathway by stabilizing LIS 1 with Hsp90 chaperone. The fourth distantly related member of the NudC family, CML66, a tumor-associated antigen in human leukemia, contains a p23 domain and appears to promote oncogenesis by regulating the IGF-1R-MAPK sig- naling pathway. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the NudC family and highlight its potential clinical relevance.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30970663 and 31070683)New-Century Training Program Foundation for the Talents by the State Education CommissionYouth Foundation of Southeast University to J. H.
文摘The Drosophila visual transduction is the fastest known G protein-coupled signaling cascade and has been served as a model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of other G protein-coupled signaling cascades. Numbers of components in visual transduction machinery have been identified. Based on the functional characterization of these genes, a model for Drosophila phototransduction has been outlined, including rhodopsin activation, phosphoinoside signaling, and the opening of TRP and TRPL channels. Recently, the characterization of mutants, showing slow termination, revealed the physiological significance and the mechanism of rapid termination of light response.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(the Study of Electrochemical Mechanism on the Common Syndrome Factors Concerning Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease,No.81273629)Prescription-syndrome Effect of Dihuang Yinzi Treating Alzheimer Disease and Parkinson Disease Based on the Theory of Syndrome Factor,No.81273898+2 种基金Study on the Synergistic Mechanism of Polygala Tenuifolia and Acorus Gramineus Improving Memory Through Modulating Synaptic Plasticity Molecular Network,No.81473375Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(the Study of Electrochemical Mechanism on the Common Syndrome Factors Concerning Brain Degenerative Diseases,No.2013-134)Shanxi Provincial Project of International Science Technology Cooperation(R&D of Screen System for Chinese Medicines of Anti-Neuronal Apoptosis Based on the Modulation Mechanism of Neuroglial Cells,No.2010081065)
文摘Ginsenosides are the main active components of ginseng,which have been reported to target brain tissues and produce multiple neuroprotective effects.Ginsenosides have been shown to improve learning ability and memory in normal aged animals,and in an animal model of memory impairment.However,its underlying pharmacological mechanisms are very complicated,especially with regard to its effects on the activation of protein kinases in neurons.Previous reports have shown that some protein kinases may be affected by ginsenosides,including protein kinase C,calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ,c-Jun-N terminal kinase,and protein tyrosine kinase.In this paper,protein kinases that may underlie the mechanisms of ginsenosides will be discussed.
