Four waste materials, paper, wood, textile and kitchen garbage, in municipal solid waste were gasified separately with oxygen in a fixed bed reactor. The yields of products char. tar and gas, the composition of gas co...Four waste materials, paper, wood, textile and kitchen garbage, in municipal solid waste were gasified separately with oxygen in a fixed bed reactor. The yields of products char. tar and gas, the composition of gas components H2, CO, CO2 and CH4, and the lower heating value （LHV） were examined at temperatures between 700 and 900 ℃ and equivalence ratio （ER） between 0.14 and 0.32. Characteristics of gas evolution during gasification were inves- tigated. Results show that a higher temperature improves the formation of H2 and CO while lowers the yield of CO2 and CH4. The LHV of syngas increases with temperature and varies in the range of 6-10 MJ. m-3 reaching the maximum at 800 ℃ or above. As ER increases, both combustible gas component and LHV of syngas decrease while the yield of CO2 rises linearly. The appropriate ER for obtaining high quality gas is in the range of 0.18-0.23. Temperature and ER have significant effects on the product distribution. Higher temperature and ER are favorable for higher gas yield and lower yield of char and tar in the gasification of textile and kitchen garbage. At 800 ℃, the gas evolution may be divided into two regions. In the first region, the flow rate of gas increases and then de- creases ranidlv, while in the second reuion the flow rate decreases monotonically to lower level.展开更多
Two kinds of cycloalkoxy silane compounds were synthesized and used as the internal electron donors （IEDs） of supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst for ethylene polymerization to produce polyethylene with broader molecul...Two kinds of cycloalkoxy silane compounds were synthesized and used as the internal electron donors （IEDs） of supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst for ethylene polymerization to produce polyethylene with broader molecular weight distribution （MWD）, The effect of the structure and the amount of these IEDs on the polymerization performance was in- vestigated. The results implied that the molecular weight distribution of the obtained polyethylene could be adjusted by the incorporation of IEDs. SEM result showed that the morphology of catalyst particle was spherical and uniform in size distribution. The titanium content of these catalysts was higher, the active TiCl4 species were easily anchored on the support than that without adding IED, which was determined by ICE The GPC result confirmed that the polyethylene with broader molecular weight distribution in the range of from 23.4 to 25.6 was obtained using triethoxy-（-cyclopentyloxy）-silane （ED1） and triethoxy-（-cyclohexyloxyl）- silane （ED2） as the internal electron donors.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB201505)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51006023)
文摘Four waste materials, paper, wood, textile and kitchen garbage, in municipal solid waste were gasified separately with oxygen in a fixed bed reactor. The yields of products char. tar and gas, the composition of gas components H2, CO, CO2 and CH4, and the lower heating value （LHV） were examined at temperatures between 700 and 900 ℃ and equivalence ratio （ER） between 0.14 and 0.32. Characteristics of gas evolution during gasification were inves- tigated. Results show that a higher temperature improves the formation of H2 and CO while lowers the yield of CO2 and CH4. The LHV of syngas increases with temperature and varies in the range of 6-10 MJ. m-3 reaching the maximum at 800 ℃ or above. As ER increases, both combustible gas component and LHV of syngas decrease while the yield of CO2 rises linearly. The appropriate ER for obtaining high quality gas is in the range of 0.18-0.23. Temperature and ER have significant effects on the product distribution. Higher temperature and ER are favorable for higher gas yield and lower yield of char and tar in the gasification of textile and kitchen garbage. At 800 ℃, the gas evolution may be divided into two regions. In the first region, the flow rate of gas increases and then de- creases ranidlv, while in the second reuion the flow rate decreases monotonically to lower level.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21174011)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,(No.2102036)the PetroChina Innovation Fund(Grant No.2011D-5006-0502)
文摘Two kinds of cycloalkoxy silane compounds were synthesized and used as the internal electron donors （IEDs） of supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst for ethylene polymerization to produce polyethylene with broader molecular weight distribution （MWD）, The effect of the structure and the amount of these IEDs on the polymerization performance was in- vestigated. The results implied that the molecular weight distribution of the obtained polyethylene could be adjusted by the incorporation of IEDs. SEM result showed that the morphology of catalyst particle was spherical and uniform in size distribution. The titanium content of these catalysts was higher, the active TiCl4 species were easily anchored on the support than that without adding IED, which was determined by ICE The GPC result confirmed that the polyethylene with broader molecular weight distribution in the range of from 23.4 to 25.6 was obtained using triethoxy-（-cyclopentyloxy）-silane （ED1） and triethoxy-（-cyclohexyloxyl）- silane （ED2） as the internal electron donors.
