Background: Regular physical activity(PA) has documented effects in prevention and treatment of many non-communicable diseases(NCDs).Physical inactivity is recognized as the fourth leading risk factor for premature de...Background: Regular physical activity(PA) has documented effects in prevention and treatment of many non-communicable diseases(NCDs).Physical inactivity is recognized as the fourth leading risk factor for premature death, worldwide. Despite these facts, physical inactivity is increasing,not only in high-income, but also in middle-and low-income countries. To address this negative trend, evidence-based methods to increase PA are needed. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation and assessment of 4 strategies designed to increase PA in Vietnam.Methods: Four strategies were used: i) introduction and evaluation of an education and training program on the Swedish method of Physical Activity on Prescription(PAP) among health care professionals, ii) translation of the PAP evidence-based handbook, Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease(called FYSS in Swedish) into Vietnamese, iii) launch of a mass-media campaign to promote PA, and iv)advocacy to support development of PA guidelines in Vietnam.Results: The evaluation indicated that the participating health care professionals had a positive attitude to PAP. However, they also reported uncertainty in prescribing PA. FYSS was translated and disseminated successfully to health care professionals. A mass-media campaign identified the beneficial effects of PA to health care professionals, journalists, policy makers, and the public. Last, the process of developing national guidelines on PA was initiated.Conclusion: This project led to enhanced awareness and appreciation of PA in the prevention and treatment of NCDs among health care professionals as well as initiation of national PA guidelines. Important lessons also were learned in the presentation of PAP, which will be considered when designing similar projects in the future.展开更多
C-type lectin receptors(CLRs)are powerful pattern-recognition receptors that discern‘self’and‘non-self’in our body and protect us from invasive pathogens by mediating immune recognition and response.The gastrointe...C-type lectin receptors(CLRs)are powerful pattern-recognition receptors that discern‘self’and‘non-self’in our body and protect us from invasive pathogens by mediating immune recognition and response.The gastrointestinal tract is very important for the maintenance of homeostasis;it is the largest shelter for the billions of microorganisms in the body and CLRs play a crucial regulatory role in this system.This study focuses on several CLRs,including Dectin-1,Dectin-2,Dectin-3 and Mincle.We summarize the roles of CLRs in maintaining gastrointestinal immune-system homeostasis,especially their functions in mediating immune recognition and responses in the gut,discuss their relationships to some diseases,highlight the significance of CLR-mediated sensing of microbial and non-microbial compounds in the gut immune system and identify new therapeutic targets.展开更多
基金funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), Department for Development Partnership (No. AKT-2010-045)
文摘Background: Regular physical activity(PA) has documented effects in prevention and treatment of many non-communicable diseases(NCDs).Physical inactivity is recognized as the fourth leading risk factor for premature death, worldwide. Despite these facts, physical inactivity is increasing,not only in high-income, but also in middle-and low-income countries. To address this negative trend, evidence-based methods to increase PA are needed. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation and assessment of 4 strategies designed to increase PA in Vietnam.Methods: Four strategies were used: i) introduction and evaluation of an education and training program on the Swedish method of Physical Activity on Prescription(PAP) among health care professionals, ii) translation of the PAP evidence-based handbook, Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease(called FYSS in Swedish) into Vietnamese, iii) launch of a mass-media campaign to promote PA, and iv)advocacy to support development of PA guidelines in Vietnam.Results: The evaluation indicated that the participating health care professionals had a positive attitude to PAP. However, they also reported uncertainty in prescribing PA. FYSS was translated and disseminated successfully to health care professionals. A mass-media campaign identified the beneficial effects of PA to health care professionals, journalists, policy makers, and the public. Last, the process of developing national guidelines on PA was initiated.Conclusion: This project led to enhanced awareness and appreciation of PA in the prevention and treatment of NCDs among health care professionals as well as initiation of national PA guidelines. Important lessons also were learned in the presentation of PAP, which will be considered when designing similar projects in the future.
基金This work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81572354 and 81772542 to T.W.)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province in China(BK20161400 to T.W.).
文摘C-type lectin receptors(CLRs)are powerful pattern-recognition receptors that discern‘self’and‘non-self’in our body and protect us from invasive pathogens by mediating immune recognition and response.The gastrointestinal tract is very important for the maintenance of homeostasis;it is the largest shelter for the billions of microorganisms in the body and CLRs play a crucial regulatory role in this system.This study focuses on several CLRs,including Dectin-1,Dectin-2,Dectin-3 and Mincle.We summarize the roles of CLRs in maintaining gastrointestinal immune-system homeostasis,especially their functions in mediating immune recognition and responses in the gut,discuss their relationships to some diseases,highlight the significance of CLR-mediated sensing of microbial and non-microbial compounds in the gut immune system and identify new therapeutic targets.
