Such an extremely difficult issue as cultural diversity is confronted by the existence and evolution of enterprises with the rapid development of global economy of the present. If the establishment is to boost competi...Such an extremely difficult issue as cultural diversity is confronted by the existence and evolution of enterprises with the rapid development of global economy of the present. If the establishment is to boost competitiveness, it must have a quite good knowledge of target market so as to formulate some efficient strategies of broadcasting in its management, and the best way to resolve such problem is to eliminate cultural barriers with the adoption of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements. This thesis shall research cultural diversities between eastern nations and western ones, and explore the effect the diversities have upon cross-cultural transmission, thus to propose an approach of eliminating cultural isolation with the adoption of effective techniques and manners of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements.展开更多
Globally, women now play a key role in economic, political, and social cultural affairs, and Malaysia is no exception. Equitable representation by women in the political arena is viewed as crucial in the improvement o...Globally, women now play a key role in economic, political, and social cultural affairs, and Malaysia is no exception. Equitable representation by women in the political arena is viewed as crucial in the improvement of women＇s participation in the decision-making process. Nevertheless, though women have made and make great contributions in both the private and public spheres, a review of media＇s coverage of women in the public realm shows a strong tendency to relegate women to mainly domestic affairs. This is consistent with findings from studies on women political candidates＇ image during campaign issues that showed that though women candidates attempted to present themselves in decisive and assertive ways, gender stereotyping was dominant in the media agenda and persistent biases typical of traditional gender representations in the media prevailed. There is very little research in Malaysia on how the media frames women candidates during campaign periods, or what issues are aligned with women candidates. The construction of images of women political candidates, in particular, is often omitted in most research on the General Election. This study analyses how women candidates were covered in selected Malaysian newspapers in the 2008 General Election. The types of issues women political candidates are identified with in the newspapers are also analysed.展开更多
Population growth,loss of biodiversity,and climate change necessitate a new vision for the future of both agriculture and biodiversity.In order to safeguard and support the world＇s agricultural heritage systems,in 20...Population growth,loss of biodiversity,and climate change necessitate a new vision for the future of both agriculture and biodiversity.In order to safeguard and support the world＇s agricultural heritage systems,in 2002 the FAO started an initiative for the conservation and adaptive management called Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS）.Tourism is suggested as part of the future as it is considered to be an alternative income source that will not only promote local economic development,but also provide the opportunity for tourists to learn about agriculture and ecology.However,inappropriate tourism in GIAHS sites will bring impacts on local culture and living styles,which not only threatens tourism＇s sustainable development,but also has the potential to damage these unique agricultural systems.This paper proposes that agriculture-based tourism is suitable for GIAHS and that Multi-functionality of Agriculture （MFA） can be the link between agriculture and tourism.This study constructs the framework for tourism development in GIAHS through MFA and applies it to the four GIAHS sites in China.Referring to the quantitative assessment for MFA and a qualitative analysis of the relationship between agriculture and tourism,we can give advice on agricultural tourism development in GIAHS sites.This framework also offers a universal methodology that allows stakeholders to communicate about the multiple functions of GIAHS across scales.展开更多
Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural,economic,and environmental aspects,and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change.Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components...Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural,economic,and environmental aspects,and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change.Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components within them can help conserve the agricultural biodiversity and traditional agricultural culture of the whole country.This study considered Ifugao Rice Terraces,Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System,and Hani Rice Terraces System as three examples which show that traditional culture can be used to protect agricultural biodiversity,while as a carrier of traditional culture,agricultural biodiversity also conveys and protects the traditional culture of the nation.According to the analyses,through several years of efforts,the status of agricultural biodiversity and traditional culture in them has improved.Then,to further promote agricultural biodiversity conservation and traditional culture protection,several suggestions are made,such as establishing community seed banks;documenting and preserving traditional farming methods,techniques,and tools and developing participatory activities which encourage more farmers to participate in the protection work.展开更多
Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,is one of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（GIAHS） sites in Japan.Chagusaba provide an important habitat for natural plant specie...Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,is one of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（GIAHS） sites in Japan.Chagusaba provide an important habitat for natural plant species.In this study,we investigated the flora in Chagusaba and environmental factors to affect the number of native species estimated their diversity.Fifty Chagusaba were classified in to five vegetation types by Two-way indicator species analysis.In addition,high number of native plant species Chagusaba had low soil p H,covered large areas,and were in places where the land had not been modified.Through statistical analysis（GLM）,we found that land modification had an especially significant effect on the diversity of native plants,and that the diversity of native plants was reflected in the history of the use of the land.展开更多
文摘Such an extremely difficult issue as cultural diversity is confronted by the existence and evolution of enterprises with the rapid development of global economy of the present. If the establishment is to boost competitiveness, it must have a quite good knowledge of target market so as to formulate some efficient strategies of broadcasting in its management, and the best way to resolve such problem is to eliminate cultural barriers with the adoption of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements. This thesis shall research cultural diversities between eastern nations and western ones, and explore the effect the diversities have upon cross-cultural transmission, thus to propose an approach of eliminating cultural isolation with the adoption of effective techniques and manners of the transmission of cross-cultural advertisements.
文摘Globally, women now play a key role in economic, political, and social cultural affairs, and Malaysia is no exception. Equitable representation by women in the political arena is viewed as crucial in the improvement of women＇s participation in the decision-making process. Nevertheless, though women have made and make great contributions in both the private and public spheres, a review of media＇s coverage of women in the public realm shows a strong tendency to relegate women to mainly domestic affairs. This is consistent with findings from studies on women political candidates＇ image during campaign issues that showed that though women candidates attempted to present themselves in decisive and assertive ways, gender stereotyping was dominant in the media agenda and persistent biases typical of traditional gender representations in the media prevailed. There is very little research in Malaysia on how the media frames women candidates during campaign periods, or what issues are aligned with women candidates. The construction of images of women political candidates, in particular, is often omitted in most research on the General Election. This study analyses how women candidates were covered in selected Malaysian newspapers in the 2008 General Election. The types of issues women political candidates are identified with in the newspapers are also analysed.
基金financial support for this study by FAO/GEF project(GCP/GLO/212/GEF)project"rice-fish GIAHS dynamic conservation and adaptivemanagement"the National Public Benefit(Environmental)Research Foundation of China(201009020)
文摘Population growth,loss of biodiversity,and climate change necessitate a new vision for the future of both agriculture and biodiversity.In order to safeguard and support the world＇s agricultural heritage systems,in 2002 the FAO started an initiative for the conservation and adaptive management called Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS）.Tourism is suggested as part of the future as it is considered to be an alternative income source that will not only promote local economic development,but also provide the opportunity for tourists to learn about agriculture and ecology.However,inappropriate tourism in GIAHS sites will bring impacts on local culture and living styles,which not only threatens tourism＇s sustainable development,but also has the potential to damage these unique agricultural systems.This paper proposes that agriculture-based tourism is suitable for GIAHS and that Multi-functionality of Agriculture （MFA） can be the link between agriculture and tourism.This study constructs the framework for tourism development in GIAHS through MFA and applies it to the four GIAHS sites in China.Referring to the quantitative assessment for MFA and a qualitative analysis of the relationship between agriculture and tourism,we can give advice on agricultural tourism development in GIAHS sites.This framework also offers a universal methodology that allows stakeholders to communicate about the multiple functions of GIAHS across scales.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA23100203)。
文摘Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural,economic,and environmental aspects,and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change.Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components within them can help conserve the agricultural biodiversity and traditional agricultural culture of the whole country.This study considered Ifugao Rice Terraces,Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System,and Hani Rice Terraces System as three examples which show that traditional culture can be used to protect agricultural biodiversity,while as a carrier of traditional culture,agricultural biodiversity also conveys and protects the traditional culture of the nation.According to the analyses,through several years of efforts,the status of agricultural biodiversity and traditional culture in them has improved.Then,to further promote agricultural biodiversity conservation and traditional culture protection,several suggestions are made,such as establishing community seed banks;documenting and preserving traditional farming methods,techniques,and tools and developing participatory activities which encourage more farmers to participate in the protection work.
文摘Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,is one of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（GIAHS） sites in Japan.Chagusaba provide an important habitat for natural plant species.In this study,we investigated the flora in Chagusaba and environmental factors to affect the number of native species estimated their diversity.Fifty Chagusaba were classified in to five vegetation types by Two-way indicator species analysis.In addition,high number of native plant species Chagusaba had low soil p H,covered large areas,and were in places where the land had not been modified.Through statistical analysis（GLM）,we found that land modification had an especially significant effect on the diversity of native plants,and that the diversity of native plants was reflected in the history of the use of the land.
