为了提高设计过程中对混流泵性能的可控制程度,开展了出口环量分布规律对混流泵性能的影响研究。基于三元反设计理论,将环量V u r在轴面流线方向上的偏导数作为载荷分布的控制参数,根据出口环量分布规律的不同设计了平均型、递增型和递...为了提高设计过程中对混流泵性能的可控制程度,开展了出口环量分布规律对混流泵性能的影响研究。基于三元反设计理论,将环量V u r在轴面流线方向上的偏导数作为载荷分布的控制参数,根据出口环量分布规律的不同设计了平均型、递增型和递减型3个混流泵叶轮。基于雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程、SST湍流模型和多重参考坐标系模型对泵内流场进行数值模拟,对泵的效率、空化、叶轮出口的总压及轴面速度沿叶高的分布规律进行比较与分析。结果表明:递增型泵效率最高但空化最差,递减型泵性能正好相反;基于变出口环量分布的三元反设计方法能有效控制叶片不同叶高处的做功能力,递增型叶轮出口的总压和轴面速度随半径增加而增加的速度最快。展开更多
Biofuels could contribute, on a worldwide basis, to the attainment of international energy-policy objectives in three ways： by reducing dependence on imported oil; by increasing the availability of renewable energy s...Biofuels could contribute, on a worldwide basis, to the attainment of international energy-policy objectives in three ways： by reducing dependence on imported oil; by increasing the availability of renewable energy sources; and by dealing with environmental issues. One such environmental issue is the unsustainable use of agricultural land. There is a need in South Africa there to convert to sustainable and renewable energy resources, such as biofuels, but the production of biofuels will ultimately place pressure on the limited and fragile agricultural resources of the country. This paper sets out firstly to investigate national agricultural policies which could impact on the production of biofuels. It points out that national agricultural policies are hampering the domestic production of biofuels in that the focus is on land reform and increasing the volume of agricultural exports, whereas the provision of food and energy to meet domestic needs features only as a secondary aim. The second objective of this paper is to investigate the possibility of utilising energy crops for biofuel production in South Africa. Annual agricultural production, surplus import and export figures, provide an indication of the capacity of South African farmers to produce crops for biofuel production.展开更多
文摘为了提高设计过程中对混流泵性能的可控制程度,开展了出口环量分布规律对混流泵性能的影响研究。基于三元反设计理论,将环量V u r在轴面流线方向上的偏导数作为载荷分布的控制参数,根据出口环量分布规律的不同设计了平均型、递增型和递减型3个混流泵叶轮。基于雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程、SST湍流模型和多重参考坐标系模型对泵内流场进行数值模拟,对泵的效率、空化、叶轮出口的总压及轴面速度沿叶高的分布规律进行比较与分析。结果表明:递增型泵效率最高但空化最差,递减型泵性能正好相反;基于变出口环量分布的三元反设计方法能有效控制叶片不同叶高处的做功能力,递增型叶轮出口的总压和轴面速度随半径增加而增加的速度最快。
文摘Biofuels could contribute, on a worldwide basis, to the attainment of international energy-policy objectives in three ways： by reducing dependence on imported oil; by increasing the availability of renewable energy sources; and by dealing with environmental issues. One such environmental issue is the unsustainable use of agricultural land. There is a need in South Africa there to convert to sustainable and renewable energy resources, such as biofuels, but the production of biofuels will ultimately place pressure on the limited and fragile agricultural resources of the country. This paper sets out firstly to investigate national agricultural policies which could impact on the production of biofuels. It points out that national agricultural policies are hampering the domestic production of biofuels in that the focus is on land reform and increasing the volume of agricultural exports, whereas the provision of food and energy to meet domestic needs features only as a secondary aim. The second objective of this paper is to investigate the possibility of utilising energy crops for biofuel production in South Africa. Annual agricultural production, surplus import and export figures, provide an indication of the capacity of South African farmers to produce crops for biofuel production.
