The chlorpheniramine enantiomers were separated with capillary zone electrophoresis using β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector.The effects of the concentration of β-cyclodextrin, the electrolyte pH and organic modi...The chlorpheniramine enantiomers were separated with capillary zone electrophoresis using β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector.The effects of the concentration of β-cyclodextrin, the electrolyte pH and organic modifier(urea) on the difference in apparent electrophoretic mobilities of the enantiomels were investigated.展开更多
Based on the investigation on shellfish resources from the intertidal zone to subtidal zone of Fenjiezhou Island,Hainan during 2012-2014,the quantity,species,ecological distribution and floristic characters of shellfi...Based on the investigation on shellfish resources from the intertidal zone to subtidal zone of Fenjiezhou Island,Hainan during 2012-2014,the quantity,species,ecological distribution and floristic characters of shellfish from the intertidal zone to subtidal zone of Fenjiezhou Island were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 137 shellfish species were found in Fenjiezhou Island,and they belonged to 4 classes [Polyplacophora（1 species）,Gastropoda（94 species）,Bivalvia（40species）,Cephalopoda（2 species）],13 orders and 44 families.Among the families,Cypraeidae included 11 species,Muricacea included 9 species,Veneracea included9 species,Conidae included 8 species,Strombidae included 6 species,Cymatiidae included 6 species,and the other families all included less than 5 species.According to the characteristics of the components,most of the species belonged to the tropical or subtropical region,and they had a close relationship with coral reef.According to the floristic characters,the shellfish in Fenjiezhou Island belonged to the Indonesia-Malayan Subregion of Indo-West Pacific Region.展开更多
The variation features of the cross-equatorial flow and its impact on the ridge position of the subtropical high have been analyzed in this paper. It is shown as follows. (1) The intensity of the Somali cross-equatori...The variation features of the cross-equatorial flow and its impact on the ridge position of the subtropical high have been analyzed in this paper. It is shown as follows. (1) The intensity of the Somali cross-equatorial flow is increasing in winter and summer in the past 44 years and the airflow of Northern Hemisphere exchanges more and more intensively with that of Southern Hemisphere. (2) The Somali cross-equatorial flow in May has the most impact on the ridge position of the subtropical high in the typhoon season, presenting a positive correlation. (3) The diagnosis is consistent with the real situation in 2005.展开更多
Proper phylogenetic reconstruction is crucial for understanding many evolutionary phenomena. In spite of the great success of molecular phylogenetics, DNA signal still may be limited by some intrinsic constraints such...Proper phylogenetic reconstruction is crucial for understanding many evolutionary phenomena. In spite of the great success of molecular phylogenetics, DNA signal still may be limited by some intrinsic constraints such as codon usage bias. The phylogenetic relationships between the five species subgroups of the Drosophila saltans group are a good example of conflicting molecular phylogenies drawn from different genes due to an ancestral substitutional shift. Here, forty morphological characters were analyzed using the same set of species used in previous molecular studies, with at least a single representative of each subgroup. The cladistic analysis was in disagreement with most of the previous hypotheses in placing the sturtevanti subgroup as an early branch, whereas the four remaining subgroups form a well supported clade that can be further subdivided into two sister clades： one containing the cordata and the elliptica subgroups, whereas the second includes the parasaltans and the saltans subgroups. The molecular evolution （codon usage bias） of the saltans group were revised in light of the present finding. The analysis highlights the important role of morphology in phylogeny reconstruction and in understanding molecular evolutionary phenomena.展开更多
Understanding the soil taxonomy and distribution characteristics of the permafrost region in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) is very important. On the basis of extensive field surveys and experimental analysis, this st...Understanding the soil taxonomy and distribution characteristics of the permafrost region in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) is very important. On the basis of extensive field surveys and experimental analysis, this study carries out soil taxonomic classification of the permafrost region in the QTP. According to Chinese Soil Taxonomy, the soil of the permafrost region in the QTP can be divided into 6 Orders(Histosols, Aridosols, Gleyosols, Isohumosols, Cambosols, Primosols), 11 Suborders, 19 Groups and 24 Subgroups. Cambosols are the dominant soil type in the permafrost region, followed by Aridosols. From the east to the west of the permafrost region in the QTP, the soil type gradually changes from Cambosols to Aridosols, showing a meridional zonality. The eastern region is dominated by Cambosols, with no obvious latitudinal zonality. From the south to the northwest of the western region, the dominance of Aridosols and Cambosols gradually transited to Aridosols, presenting a latitudinal zonality. The soil in the western region shows a poor vertical zonality, while the distribution of suborders of Cambosols in the eastern region shows a more obvious vertical zonality. The result indicates that precipitation and vegetation are the main factors that influence the zonal distribution of soil. The permafrost in the east has some effect on the vertical soil zonality, but the effect is weakened in the west.展开更多
A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the agronomic potential of four partially acidulatedrock phosphates (PARP) in three representative soils sampled from subtropical China. The PARPs weremanufactured by ...A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the agronomic potential of four partially acidulatedrock phosphates (PARP) in three representative soils sampled from subtropical China. The PARPs weremanufactured by attacking a moderately reactive phosphate rock either with sulfuric acid alone or withcombination of sulfuric and phosphoric acids at 30 or 60 percent of acidulation. Shoot dry weight and Paccumulation of six successive cuttings of ryegrass were used to compare the agronomic potential of thesefertilizers with that of the raw rock phosphate (RP) and monocalcium phosphate (MCP). Results indicatedthat the effectiveness of various phosphates was determined both by the solubility of the phosphates andby the acidity and P-fixing capacity of the soils. The higher the watersoluble P contained, the better theeffectiveness of the fertilizer was. Although plant P accumulation of PARP treatments was constantly lowerthan that of MCP treatment, some PARPs could still get a dry matter production similar to that of MCPtreatment. PARP SP60, which was acidulated with a mixture of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid at 60percent of acidulation and contained the highest soluble P, was as effective as MCP in terms of dry matterproduction on all the soils. 560 and C1, which were both acidulated with sulfuric acid with the formerat 60 percent of acidulation and the latter at 30 percent but with a further addition of monoarninoniumphosphate, were more than 80 percent as effective as MCP. Raw RP also showed a reasonable effectivenesswhich increased with soil acidity. It was suggested from the study that some of these PARPs could beexpected to have a comparable field performance as soluble P fertilizers in the acid soil regions.展开更多
文摘The chlorpheniramine enantiomers were separated with capillary zone electrophoresis using β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector.The effects of the concentration of β-cyclodextrin, the electrolyte pH and organic modifier(urea) on the difference in apparent electrophoretic mobilities of the enantiomels were investigated.
文摘Based on the investigation on shellfish resources from the intertidal zone to subtidal zone of Fenjiezhou Island,Hainan during 2012-2014,the quantity,species,ecological distribution and floristic characters of shellfish from the intertidal zone to subtidal zone of Fenjiezhou Island were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 137 shellfish species were found in Fenjiezhou Island,and they belonged to 4 classes [Polyplacophora（1 species）,Gastropoda（94 species）,Bivalvia（40species）,Cephalopoda（2 species）],13 orders and 44 families.Among the families,Cypraeidae included 11 species,Muricacea included 9 species,Veneracea included9 species,Conidae included 8 species,Strombidae included 6 species,Cymatiidae included 6 species,and the other families all included less than 5 species.According to the characteristics of the components,most of the species belonged to the tropical or subtropical region,and they had a close relationship with coral reef.According to the floristic characters,the shellfish in Fenjiezhou Island belonged to the Indonesia-Malayan Subregion of Indo-West Pacific Region.
基金Open Research Fund for Meteorological Science in Fujian Meteorological Bureau (2006K01)
文摘The variation features of the cross-equatorial flow and its impact on the ridge position of the subtropical high have been analyzed in this paper. It is shown as follows. (1) The intensity of the Somali cross-equatorial flow is increasing in winter and summer in the past 44 years and the airflow of Northern Hemisphere exchanges more and more intensively with that of Southern Hemisphere. (2) The Somali cross-equatorial flow in May has the most impact on the ridge position of the subtropical high in the typhoon season, presenting a positive correlation. (3) The diagnosis is consistent with the real situation in 2005.
基金funded by the Prix Jeune Chercheur of the Fondation Bettencourt-Schueller
文摘Proper phylogenetic reconstruction is crucial for understanding many evolutionary phenomena. In spite of the great success of molecular phylogenetics, DNA signal still may be limited by some intrinsic constraints such as codon usage bias. The phylogenetic relationships between the five species subgroups of the Drosophila saltans group are a good example of conflicting molecular phylogenies drawn from different genes due to an ancestral substitutional shift. Here, forty morphological characters were analyzed using the same set of species used in previous molecular studies, with at least a single representative of each subgroup. The cladistic analysis was in disagreement with most of the previous hypotheses in placing the sturtevanti subgroup as an early branch, whereas the four remaining subgroups form a well supported clade that can be further subdivided into two sister clades： one containing the cordata and the elliptica subgroups, whereas the second includes the parasaltans and the saltans subgroups. The molecular evolution （codon usage bias） of the saltans group were revised in light of the present finding. The analysis highlights the important role of morphology in phylogeny reconstruction and in understanding molecular evolutionary phenomena.
基金financially supported by the National Major Scientific Project of China "Cryospheric Change and Impacts Research" program "Research of permafrost hydrothermal process and its response to climate change" (Grant No. 2013CBA01803)Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZD-EW-G03-02)
文摘Understanding the soil taxonomy and distribution characteristics of the permafrost region in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) is very important. On the basis of extensive field surveys and experimental analysis, this study carries out soil taxonomic classification of the permafrost region in the QTP. According to Chinese Soil Taxonomy, the soil of the permafrost region in the QTP can be divided into 6 Orders(Histosols, Aridosols, Gleyosols, Isohumosols, Cambosols, Primosols), 11 Suborders, 19 Groups and 24 Subgroups. Cambosols are the dominant soil type in the permafrost region, followed by Aridosols. From the east to the west of the permafrost region in the QTP, the soil type gradually changes from Cambosols to Aridosols, showing a meridional zonality. The eastern region is dominated by Cambosols, with no obvious latitudinal zonality. From the south to the northwest of the western region, the dominance of Aridosols and Cambosols gradually transited to Aridosols, presenting a latitudinal zonality. The soil in the western region shows a poor vertical zonality, while the distribution of suborders of Cambosols in the eastern region shows a more obvious vertical zonality. The result indicates that precipitation and vegetation are the main factors that influence the zonal distribution of soil. The permafrost in the east has some effect on the vertical soil zonality, but the effect is weakened in the west.
文摘A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the agronomic potential of four partially acidulatedrock phosphates (PARP) in three representative soils sampled from subtropical China. The PARPs weremanufactured by attacking a moderately reactive phosphate rock either with sulfuric acid alone or withcombination of sulfuric and phosphoric acids at 30 or 60 percent of acidulation. Shoot dry weight and Paccumulation of six successive cuttings of ryegrass were used to compare the agronomic potential of thesefertilizers with that of the raw rock phosphate (RP) and monocalcium phosphate (MCP). Results indicatedthat the effectiveness of various phosphates was determined both by the solubility of the phosphates andby the acidity and P-fixing capacity of the soils. The higher the watersoluble P contained, the better theeffectiveness of the fertilizer was. Although plant P accumulation of PARP treatments was constantly lowerthan that of MCP treatment, some PARPs could still get a dry matter production similar to that of MCPtreatment. PARP SP60, which was acidulated with a mixture of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid at 60percent of acidulation and contained the highest soluble P, was as effective as MCP in terms of dry matterproduction on all the soils. 560 and C1, which were both acidulated with sulfuric acid with the formerat 60 percent of acidulation and the latter at 30 percent but with a further addition of monoarninoniumphosphate, were more than 80 percent as effective as MCP. Raw RP also showed a reasonable effectivenesswhich increased with soil acidity. It was suggested from the study that some of these PARPs could beexpected to have a comparable field performance as soluble P fertilizers in the acid soil regions.
