The aim of this paper is to present the preliminary experimental analysis results carried out on the commercial internal combustion engine set in a CHP （combined heat and power） mode, fueled by renewable hydrogen an...The aim of this paper is to present the preliminary experimental analysis results carried out on the commercial internal combustion engine set in a CHP （combined heat and power） mode, fueled by renewable hydrogen and methane mixtures. The hydrogen is produced by an alkaline electrolyser fed by a 5.8 kWp grid connected PV （photovoltaic） plant. The acceptance test conducted with hydrogen percentages ranging from 0%-10% has been carried out at partial load： 45 kW^l instead of the full power of 60 kWe~. In order to evaluate the CHP energy consumption and environmental performance （NOx and CO）, the analysis was conducted for 240 h, using a portable flue gas analyser and two mass flow meters for hydrogen and methane. Without engine parameters optimization--relative equivalence ratio （2） and spark advance--increasing hydrogen addition rate, a slight enhancement in electrical efficiency occurs. Furthermore, due to the engine control system and lower blends LHV （lower heating value）, the methane consumption decreases disproportionately to the hydrogen amount in the mixture. Finally, referring to standard operating condition, the environmental results show that using enrichment of 10%, running the engine with 18 degrees spark advance and 2 of 1.4, CO and NOx emissions are reduced by 6.3% and 27% respectively.展开更多
A new concept of energy resonance absorption for photocurrent quenching was proposed using a system of quantum dots(QDs) and the matched dye. The QDs were used as the photocurrent producer, and the dye had an absorpti...A new concept of energy resonance absorption for photocurrent quenching was proposed using a system of quantum dots(QDs) and the matched dye. The QDs were used as the photocurrent producer, and the dye had an absorption band overlapped with that of the QDs, which led to the resonance absorption of the excitation energy and thus decreased the photocurrent of QDs. By using porphyrin and fluorscein isothiocyanate isomer I as the resonance absorption dyes, the proposed mechanism was proved by UV-Vis spectra, photoluminescence spectra and photocurrent-to-wavelength response, respectively. The interaction of the absorption-matched dye with biomolecule could be conveniently used to introduce it into the photocurrent quenching system, leading to a simple switch-off biosensing method for detection of the biomolecule. As example, a label-free method was proposed for photoelectrochemical detection of target DNA. This method showed a detection range from 6.0 to 600 nmol/L with a detection limit of 2.5 nmol/L. The result demonstrated that the photocurrent quenching via energy resonance absorption not only contributed to the theoretical study of photoelectrochemistry, but also provided a universal tool for photoelectrochemical biosensing.展开更多
文摘The aim of this paper is to present the preliminary experimental analysis results carried out on the commercial internal combustion engine set in a CHP （combined heat and power） mode, fueled by renewable hydrogen and methane mixtures. The hydrogen is produced by an alkaline electrolyser fed by a 5.8 kWp grid connected PV （photovoltaic） plant. The acceptance test conducted with hydrogen percentages ranging from 0%-10% has been carried out at partial load： 45 kW^l instead of the full power of 60 kWe~. In order to evaluate the CHP energy consumption and environmental performance （NOx and CO）, the analysis was conducted for 240 h, using a portable flue gas analyser and two mass flow meters for hydrogen and methane. Without engine parameters optimization--relative equivalence ratio （2） and spark advance--increasing hydrogen addition rate, a slight enhancement in electrical efficiency occurs. Furthermore, due to the engine control system and lower blends LHV （lower heating value）, the methane consumption decreases disproportionately to the hydrogen amount in the mixture. Finally, referring to standard operating condition, the environmental results show that using enrichment of 10%, running the engine with 18 degrees spark advance and 2 of 1.4, CO and NOx emissions are reduced by 6.3% and 27% respectively.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB732400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21375060,21135002,21121091)
文摘A new concept of energy resonance absorption for photocurrent quenching was proposed using a system of quantum dots(QDs) and the matched dye. The QDs were used as the photocurrent producer, and the dye had an absorption band overlapped with that of the QDs, which led to the resonance absorption of the excitation energy and thus decreased the photocurrent of QDs. By using porphyrin and fluorscein isothiocyanate isomer I as the resonance absorption dyes, the proposed mechanism was proved by UV-Vis spectra, photoluminescence spectra and photocurrent-to-wavelength response, respectively. The interaction of the absorption-matched dye with biomolecule could be conveniently used to introduce it into the photocurrent quenching system, leading to a simple switch-off biosensing method for detection of the biomolecule. As example, a label-free method was proposed for photoelectrochemical detection of target DNA. This method showed a detection range from 6.0 to 600 nmol/L with a detection limit of 2.5 nmol/L. The result demonstrated that the photocurrent quenching via energy resonance absorption not only contributed to the theoretical study of photoelectrochemistry, but also provided a universal tool for photoelectrochemical biosensing.
