目的:比较股骨头发育延迟的髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)儿童Tonnis分型和国际髋关节发育不良学会(International Hip Dysplasia Institute,IHDI)分型的一致性,并判断IHDI分型的可靠性。方法:选择2010年1月...目的:比较股骨头发育延迟的髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)儿童Tonnis分型和国际髋关节发育不良学会(International Hip Dysplasia Institute,IHDI)分型的一致性,并判断IHDI分型的可靠性。方法:选择2010年1月至2017年1月无锡市儿童医院入选的80例年龄在6~15个月的DDH患者(88髋)的X线片,分别由3名医生对X线片进行Tonnis分型和IHDI分型,使用Kappa法分析不同医生相同分类系统的差异性,判断IHDI分型的可靠性。结果:Tonnis分型和IHDI分型的平均kappa值分别为0.8475和0.9501。加权kappa值也表现出良好的一致性,但IHDI显示更好的一致性(0.9510 vs 0.8554),在无股骨头骨化核一组,IHDI显示出更好的一致性(0.9518 vs 0.8192)。结论:IHDI分型法一致性较Tonnis分型高,对股骨头骨化核发育延迟患儿有较好的实用性。展开更多
Objective: To assess the efficacy of the gonadotropin-relea- sing hormone (GnRH) agonist buserelin in a stimulated gonadotropin test for the investigation of delayed puberty in males. Study design: Prepubertal males (...Objective: To assess the efficacy of the gonadotropin-relea- sing hormone (GnRH) agonist buserelin in a stimulated gonadotropin test for the investigation of delayed puberty in males. Study design: Prepubertal males (n=31; age range, 10.3 to 17.2 years) were studied; buserelin (100 μg) was administered subcutaneously, with blood sampling at 0 and 4 hours for serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). At follow-up (mean, 4.2 years), 8/31 (26%) failed to progress into puberty, constituting hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), but 23/31 (74%) had testicular enlargement (≥8 mL) consistent with a normal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Results: Stimulated serum LH response to buserelin was lower in males with HH (mean ±standard error under the mean for HH, 1.4 ±0.5 U/L, compared with a normal HPG axis of 17.4±2.0 U/L; P < .0001). Stimulated serum FSH response was nondiscriminatory (HH, 7.7±2.2 U/L; normal HPG axis, 11.5±1.6 U/L; P = .27). All males with HH had a stimulated serum LH level < 5 U/L, whereas only 1/23 with a normal HPG axis had a stimulated serum LH below this level. Using this value as the criterion for diagnosing HH, the buserelin stimulation test yielded a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96%, and positive predictive value of 89%. Conclusions: The buserelin stimulation test is a highly specific and sensitive GnRH agonist test for the investigation of males with delayed puberty.展开更多
文摘目的:比较股骨头发育延迟的髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)儿童Tonnis分型和国际髋关节发育不良学会(International Hip Dysplasia Institute,IHDI)分型的一致性,并判断IHDI分型的可靠性。方法:选择2010年1月至2017年1月无锡市儿童医院入选的80例年龄在6~15个月的DDH患者(88髋)的X线片,分别由3名医生对X线片进行Tonnis分型和IHDI分型,使用Kappa法分析不同医生相同分类系统的差异性,判断IHDI分型的可靠性。结果:Tonnis分型和IHDI分型的平均kappa值分别为0.8475和0.9501。加权kappa值也表现出良好的一致性,但IHDI显示更好的一致性(0.9510 vs 0.8554),在无股骨头骨化核一组,IHDI显示出更好的一致性(0.9518 vs 0.8192)。结论:IHDI分型法一致性较Tonnis分型高,对股骨头骨化核发育延迟患儿有较好的实用性。
文摘Objective: To assess the efficacy of the gonadotropin-relea- sing hormone (GnRH) agonist buserelin in a stimulated gonadotropin test for the investigation of delayed puberty in males. Study design: Prepubertal males (n=31; age range, 10.3 to 17.2 years) were studied; buserelin (100 μg) was administered subcutaneously, with blood sampling at 0 and 4 hours for serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). At follow-up (mean, 4.2 years), 8/31 (26%) failed to progress into puberty, constituting hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), but 23/31 (74%) had testicular enlargement (≥8 mL) consistent with a normal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Results: Stimulated serum LH response to buserelin was lower in males with HH (mean ±standard error under the mean for HH, 1.4 ±0.5 U/L, compared with a normal HPG axis of 17.4±2.0 U/L; P < .0001). Stimulated serum FSH response was nondiscriminatory (HH, 7.7±2.2 U/L; normal HPG axis, 11.5±1.6 U/L; P = .27). All males with HH had a stimulated serum LH level < 5 U/L, whereas only 1/23 with a normal HPG axis had a stimulated serum LH below this level. Using this value as the criterion for diagnosing HH, the buserelin stimulation test yielded a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96%, and positive predictive value of 89%. Conclusions: The buserelin stimulation test is a highly specific and sensitive GnRH agonist test for the investigation of males with delayed puberty.
