试验于2018—2019年进行,选择2种不同分枝类型的品种(中作XA12938和中黄13)为供试材料,设置13.5×10^(4)(D1)、18.0×10^(4)(D2)、22.5×10^(4)(D3)、27.0×10^(4)(D4)、31.5×10^(4)(D5)和36.0×10^(4)株hm^(-...试验于2018—2019年进行,选择2种不同分枝类型的品种(中作XA12938和中黄13)为供试材料,设置13.5×10^(4)(D1)、18.0×10^(4)(D2)、22.5×10^(4)(D3)、27.0×10^(4)(D4)、31.5×10^(4)(D5)和36.0×10^(4)株hm^(-2)(D6)6个种植密度,研究增密种植对不同分枝类型品种叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质积累及分配、产量和产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,随种植密度的提高,大豆LAI进入高值(>4)的时期提前,中作XA12938和中黄13分别从出苗后47.0 d和54.6 d(D1)提前至31.0 d和32.9 d(D6)。与中黄13相比,中作XA12938LAI高值持续期长且中后期降幅小。不同品种处理间干物质随密度的增加程度存在差异,结荚期中作XA12938和中黄13高密处理(D6)干重较低密处理(D1)干重分别提高77.53%和51.21%。随密度的提升,成熟期生殖器官干物质占比呈先增加后降低的趋势。产量随种植密度增加总体呈先增加后趋平的趋势,中作XA12938的最高产量出现在D5(5000.45 kg hm^(-2))处理,继续增加种植密度产量较稳定,中黄13两年最高产量分别出现在D4(4477.90 kg hm^(-2))和D5(3935.30 kg hm^(-2))处理,继续增加种植密度产量逐渐降低,中作XA12938的平均产量较中黄13产量显著提高22.37%。灰色关联度分析发现,中作XA12938植株高度和单位面积有效荚数与产量密切相关,而中黄13的单位面积有效粒数和重心高度与产量的关联度较高。适度增密可提高大豆LAI并延长其高值持续期、促进干物质积累、增加生殖器官的占比、提高大豆产量。在生产中可选用分枝调节能力较强品种,通过适当增加种植密度,从而提高产量,增加效益。展开更多
为研究不同行距对宽幅精播小麦产量和干物质积累与转运的影响,阐明其高产高效的生理机制,给宽幅精播技术在黄淮海平原的进一步推广提供理论依据和技术支撑,于2017-2019小麦生长季,以‘济麦22’为试验材料,在20 cm (R1)、25 cm (R2)和30 ...为研究不同行距对宽幅精播小麦产量和干物质积累与转运的影响,阐明其高产高效的生理机制,给宽幅精播技术在黄淮海平原的进一步推广提供理论依据和技术支撑,于2017-2019小麦生长季,以‘济麦22’为试验材料,在20 cm (R1)、25 cm (R2)和30 cm (R3) 3个行距下,设置宽幅精播(K)和常规条播(T)两种种植方式,分析不同行距下宽幅精播种植与常规条播种植对小麦旗叶光合特性、干物质积累与分配和旗叶^(13)C同化物分配特性差异。结果表明:在相同种植方式下,R2处理下小麦的旗叶净光合速率,开花期和成熟期干物质积累量,花后干物质在籽粒中的分配量和贡献率,籽粒产量均显著高于行距R1和R3处理;在R2行距下, K处理灌浆期叶面积指数、光合有效辐射截获率和开花后14、21和28d旗叶净光合速率和蒸腾速率显著高于T处理,两年度K处理通过增加穗数和粒重使得籽粒产量较T处理提高8.67%;^(13)C示踪结果显示, R2K处理旗叶^(13)C同化物在籽粒的分配量和分配比例显著高于其他处理;R2K处理开花期和成熟期干物质积累量和单茎质量、开花后干物质向籽粒的分配量和对籽粒的贡献率最高,均显著高于其他处理,获得了最高的籽粒产量。综上所述,行距25 cm、宽幅精播种植方式是本试验条件下小麦高产高效的最佳种植模式。展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore effects of soil moisture on dry matter accumulation and distribution and growth of kai-lan. [Method] In the context of the same irrigation frequency, the influence of irrigation maxi...[Objective] The aim was to explore effects of soil moisture on dry matter accumulation and distribution and growth of kai-lan. [Method] In the context of the same irrigation frequency, the influence of irrigation maximum was researched on growth rate, net assimilation rate, and dry matter distribution of kai-lan. [Result] The results showed that regulation on soil moisture extremely significantly affected accumulation of photosynthate. When soil moisture was insufficient, the growth term from seedling to mature extended and growth rate declined sharply. Besides, the growth term was of extremely significant negative correlation with growth rate. Meanwhile,leaf assimilation rate decreased considerably. For example, when soil moisture was65%, distribution of dry matter in plant organs tended to be rational. [Conclusion]Deficit irrigation would significantly lower growth rate, and improve dry matter distribution in organs and economic yield and quality of kai-lan.展开更多
文摘试验于2018—2019年进行,选择2种不同分枝类型的品种(中作XA12938和中黄13)为供试材料,设置13.5×10^(4)(D1)、18.0×10^(4)(D2)、22.5×10^(4)(D3)、27.0×10^(4)(D4)、31.5×10^(4)(D5)和36.0×10^(4)株hm^(-2)(D6)6个种植密度,研究增密种植对不同分枝类型品种叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质积累及分配、产量和产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,随种植密度的提高,大豆LAI进入高值(>4)的时期提前,中作XA12938和中黄13分别从出苗后47.0 d和54.6 d(D1)提前至31.0 d和32.9 d(D6)。与中黄13相比,中作XA12938LAI高值持续期长且中后期降幅小。不同品种处理间干物质随密度的增加程度存在差异,结荚期中作XA12938和中黄13高密处理(D6)干重较低密处理(D1)干重分别提高77.53%和51.21%。随密度的提升,成熟期生殖器官干物质占比呈先增加后降低的趋势。产量随种植密度增加总体呈先增加后趋平的趋势,中作XA12938的最高产量出现在D5(5000.45 kg hm^(-2))处理,继续增加种植密度产量较稳定,中黄13两年最高产量分别出现在D4(4477.90 kg hm^(-2))和D5(3935.30 kg hm^(-2))处理,继续增加种植密度产量逐渐降低,中作XA12938的平均产量较中黄13产量显著提高22.37%。灰色关联度分析发现,中作XA12938植株高度和单位面积有效荚数与产量密切相关,而中黄13的单位面积有效粒数和重心高度与产量的关联度较高。适度增密可提高大豆LAI并延长其高值持续期、促进干物质积累、增加生殖器官的占比、提高大豆产量。在生产中可选用分枝调节能力较强品种,通过适当增加种植密度,从而提高产量,增加效益。
文摘为研究不同行距对宽幅精播小麦产量和干物质积累与转运的影响,阐明其高产高效的生理机制,给宽幅精播技术在黄淮海平原的进一步推广提供理论依据和技术支撑,于2017-2019小麦生长季,以‘济麦22’为试验材料,在20 cm (R1)、25 cm (R2)和30 cm (R3) 3个行距下,设置宽幅精播(K)和常规条播(T)两种种植方式,分析不同行距下宽幅精播种植与常规条播种植对小麦旗叶光合特性、干物质积累与分配和旗叶^(13)C同化物分配特性差异。结果表明:在相同种植方式下,R2处理下小麦的旗叶净光合速率,开花期和成熟期干物质积累量,花后干物质在籽粒中的分配量和贡献率,籽粒产量均显著高于行距R1和R3处理;在R2行距下, K处理灌浆期叶面积指数、光合有效辐射截获率和开花后14、21和28d旗叶净光合速率和蒸腾速率显著高于T处理,两年度K处理通过增加穗数和粒重使得籽粒产量较T处理提高8.67%;^(13)C示踪结果显示, R2K处理旗叶^(13)C同化物在籽粒的分配量和分配比例显著高于其他处理;R2K处理开花期和成熟期干物质积累量和单茎质量、开花后干物质向籽粒的分配量和对籽粒的贡献率最高,均显著高于其他处理,获得了最高的籽粒产量。综上所述,行距25 cm、宽幅精播种植方式是本试验条件下小麦高产高效的最佳种植模式。
基金Supported by Applied Research and Demonstration of Soil Moisture Measurementsbased Automatic Irrigation Technology in Vegetable Production(2015A020209068)+2 种基金Guangdong Province Science and Technology ProjectHigh-efficient Cultivation and Nonpoint Source Pollution Control in Typical Vegetable Fields-Farmland Comprehensive Treatment Technology Plan on Chemical Fertilizer Nonpoint Source Pollution(201502103)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore effects of soil moisture on dry matter accumulation and distribution and growth of kai-lan. [Method] In the context of the same irrigation frequency, the influence of irrigation maximum was researched on growth rate, net assimilation rate, and dry matter distribution of kai-lan. [Result] The results showed that regulation on soil moisture extremely significantly affected accumulation of photosynthate. When soil moisture was insufficient, the growth term from seedling to mature extended and growth rate declined sharply. Besides, the growth term was of extremely significant negative correlation with growth rate. Meanwhile,leaf assimilation rate decreased considerably. For example, when soil moisture was65%, distribution of dry matter in plant organs tended to be rational. [Conclusion]Deficit irrigation would significantly lower growth rate, and improve dry matter distribution in organs and economic yield and quality of kai-lan.
