同词化指两义或者多义寄于一形的共时词汇现象,主要包括同音词和多义词。跨语言普遍存在的同词化模式,在定名层面的范畴化、符意层面的语义演变方面均具有重要的类型学意义。专为研究同词化而设的跨语言同词化数据库(Database of Cross-...同词化指两义或者多义寄于一形的共时词汇现象,主要包括同音词和多义词。跨语言普遍存在的同词化模式,在定名层面的范畴化、符意层面的语义演变方面均具有重要的类型学意义。专为研究同词化而设的跨语言同词化数据库(Database of Cross-Linguistic Colexifications,简称CLICS),目前已升级到第三版(CLICS3),但国内尚未充分重视,未见重大成果产出。本文将从三个方面介绍该数据库:1)概况及其发展:数据库的开发团队及其在数据库规模等三个方面的改进;2)研究对象及其原理,表明该数据库的研究对象实为多义词,该数据库之实现,一是使跨语言词汇比较成为可能,二是使同词化现象可量化为数据;3)框架、功能及其实现,主要涉及同词化图的实现形式和功能。我们相信,CLICS3引入国内语言学界,必将为汉语语义演变研究提供更多的跨语言材料,并在世界语言变异范围内发现汉语语义演变共相和殊相的研究中发挥无可替代的作用。展开更多
The concept of word classes （parts of speech） has always generated controversy among linguists. The earlier Prescriptive and Descriptive Schools might have set the pace for this controversy but the present dilemma i...The concept of word classes （parts of speech） has always generated controversy among linguists. The earlier Prescriptive and Descriptive Schools might have set the pace for this controversy but the present dilemma is much deeper. Learners and even teachers are sometimes at quandary as to how to proof that a particular word belongs to a particular class. This is because a word may sometimes belong to several classes, in context as in the word ＂watch＂ which can belong to different classes. This paper therefore tries to provide answers to the problem of word class classification by using a morphological and syntactical evidence to prove that English words follow a particular range of inflections and belong to strictly ordered particular categories and do not change their class arbitrarily. This is in line with the natural perfect order of homogeneity in creation which precludes a specie from merging effectively with another specie without having to undergo some fundamental changes. Other variables were also looked into and it was concluded that teachers and learners as well, can rely on this sub-categorization approach as a reliable paradigm for their assumptions concerning word classes.展开更多
文摘同词化指两义或者多义寄于一形的共时词汇现象,主要包括同音词和多义词。跨语言普遍存在的同词化模式,在定名层面的范畴化、符意层面的语义演变方面均具有重要的类型学意义。专为研究同词化而设的跨语言同词化数据库(Database of Cross-Linguistic Colexifications,简称CLICS),目前已升级到第三版(CLICS3),但国内尚未充分重视,未见重大成果产出。本文将从三个方面介绍该数据库:1)概况及其发展:数据库的开发团队及其在数据库规模等三个方面的改进;2)研究对象及其原理,表明该数据库的研究对象实为多义词,该数据库之实现,一是使跨语言词汇比较成为可能,二是使同词化现象可量化为数据;3)框架、功能及其实现,主要涉及同词化图的实现形式和功能。我们相信,CLICS3引入国内语言学界,必将为汉语语义演变研究提供更多的跨语言材料,并在世界语言变异范围内发现汉语语义演变共相和殊相的研究中发挥无可替代的作用。
文摘The concept of word classes （parts of speech） has always generated controversy among linguists. The earlier Prescriptive and Descriptive Schools might have set the pace for this controversy but the present dilemma is much deeper. Learners and even teachers are sometimes at quandary as to how to proof that a particular word belongs to a particular class. This is because a word may sometimes belong to several classes, in context as in the word ＂watch＂ which can belong to different classes. This paper therefore tries to provide answers to the problem of word class classification by using a morphological and syntactical evidence to prove that English words follow a particular range of inflections and belong to strictly ordered particular categories and do not change their class arbitrarily. This is in line with the natural perfect order of homogeneity in creation which precludes a specie from merging effectively with another specie without having to undergo some fundamental changes. Other variables were also looked into and it was concluded that teachers and learners as well, can rely on this sub-categorization approach as a reliable paradigm for their assumptions concerning word classes.
