AIM To evaluate the cytological diagnostic capacity and sample quality of the slow-pull technique and compare them with different suction techniques.METHODS From July 2010 to December 2015, 102 patients with pancreati...AIM To evaluate the cytological diagnostic capacity and sample quality of the slow-pull technique and compare them with different suction techniques.METHODS From July 2010 to December 2015, 102 patients with pancreatic solid lesions who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) with 22-gauge needles were retrospectively evaluated. EUS-FNA diagnosis was based on a cytological examination, and final diagnosis was based on a comprehensive standard of cytological diagnosis, surgical pathology and clinical or imaging follow-up. Cytological specimens were characterized for cellularity and blood contamination. The cytological diagnostic capacity and sample quality of the slow-pull technique and suction techniques with 5-m L/10-m L/20-m L syringes were analyzed.RESULTS Of all of the EUS-FNA procedures, the slow-pull technique and suction techniques with 5-m L/10-m L/20-m L syringes were used in 31, 19, 34 and 18 procedures, respectively. There were significant differences between these four suction techniques in terms of cytological diagnostic accuracy(90.3% vs 63.2% vs 58.8% vs 55.6%, P = 0.019), sensitivity(88.2% vs 41.7% vs 40.0% vs 36.4%, P = 0.009) and blood contamination(score ≥ 2 for 29.0% vs 52.6% vs 70.6% vs 72.2%, P = 0.003). The accuracy and sensitivity of the slow-pull technique were significantly higher than those of the suction techniques using 5-m L(P = 0.03, P = 0.014), 10-m L(P = 0.005; P = 0.006) and 20-mL syringes(P = 0.01, P = 0.01). Blood contamination was significantly lower in the slow-pull technique than in the suction techniques with 10-m L(P = 0.001) and 20-mL syringes(P = 0.007).CONCLUSION The slow-pull technique may increase the cytological diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity with slight blood contamination during EUS-FNA when using 22-gauge needles for solid pancreatic masses.展开更多
AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope,negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model.METHODS In vitro experiments in small intestinal loops from 20pig...AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope,negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model.METHODS In vitro experiments in small intestinal loops from 20pigs and in vivo experiments in 20 living pigs were conducted.RESULTS In in vitro experiments,a negative pressure of>0.06MPa was necessary for optimal visualization of the intestine,and this pressure did not cause gross or histological damage to the mucosa.For satisfactory examination of the small intestine in vivo,higher negative pressure(>1.00 MPa)was required.Despite this higher pressure,the small intestine did not show any gross or microscopic damage in the suctioned areas.The average time of examination in the living animals was 60±7.67 min.The animals did not experience any apparent ill effects from the procedure.CONCLUSION Small intestine endoscope was safely performed within a reasonable time period and enabled complete visualization of the intestine in most cases.展开更多
A series of experiments on a solid feed system was performed to investigate the effect of negative pressure gradient on the gas-solid flow pattern and hydrodynamic characteristics.Based on the non-fluidized gas-solid ...A series of experiments on a solid feed system was performed to investigate the effect of negative pressure gradient on the gas-solid flow pattern and hydrodynamic characteristics.Based on the non-fluidized gas-solid two phase flow and particulate mechanics in the standpipe,a method for predicting the pressure of the air passing through the recycle chamber and the pressure drop through the loop seal slit in these systems is also presented.The predicted pressure profile along the negative pressure gradient from the proposed model exhibits a good agreement with the experimental data.The experimental data show that the gas flow in the standpipe is always upward in the negative pressure gradients,while the direction ofthe superficial gas velocity through the recycle chamber of the loop seal does not affect the pressure drop in standpipe.It increases with an increasing negative pressure gradient.展开更多
Purpose： To get the maximum benefit of vacuum-assisted closure （VAC） in the management of acute and chronic wounds without abuse or misuse. Methods： Fourty one patients were included in the study. Among them, 9 pa...Purpose： To get the maximum benefit of vacuum-assisted closure （VAC） in the management of acute and chronic wounds without abuse or misuse. Methods： Fourty one patients were included in the study. Among them, 9 patients had chronic wounds and the rest 32 patients had acute wounds. In acute wounds, 19 patients had co-morbid conditions. Seven patients had gaped wounds, 4 patients had necrotizing fasciitis and 2 patients had enter- ocutaneous fistula. Results： The hospitalization period varied from 1 to 6 weeks. The follow-up period was up to 6 months. No mortality was recorded during this study. All skin grafts showed complete healing. Necrotizing fas- ciitis was managed with good outcome. Wounds with enterocutaneous fistula have improved. In chronic wounds, good healing and excellent outcome were obtained. Conclusion： The VAC therapy is an essential element for the management of problematic acute and chronic wounds.展开更多
Kolmogorov's exponential inequalities are basic tools for studying the strong limit theorems such as the classical laws of the iterated logarithm for both independent and dependent random variables. This paper est...Kolmogorov's exponential inequalities are basic tools for studying the strong limit theorems such as the classical laws of the iterated logarithm for both independent and dependent random variables. This paper establishes the Kolmogorov type exponential inequalities of the partial sums of independent random variables as well as negatively dependent random variables under the sub-linear expectations. As applications of the exponential inequalities, the laws of the iterated logarithm in the sense of non-additive capacities are proved for independent or negatively dependent identically distributed random variables with finite second order moments.For deriving a lower bound of an exponential inequality, a central limit theorem is also proved under the sublinear expectation for random variables with only finite variances.展开更多
文摘AIM To evaluate the cytological diagnostic capacity and sample quality of the slow-pull technique and compare them with different suction techniques.METHODS From July 2010 to December 2015, 102 patients with pancreatic solid lesions who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) with 22-gauge needles were retrospectively evaluated. EUS-FNA diagnosis was based on a cytological examination, and final diagnosis was based on a comprehensive standard of cytological diagnosis, surgical pathology and clinical or imaging follow-up. Cytological specimens were characterized for cellularity and blood contamination. The cytological diagnostic capacity and sample quality of the slow-pull technique and suction techniques with 5-m L/10-m L/20-m L syringes were analyzed.RESULTS Of all of the EUS-FNA procedures, the slow-pull technique and suction techniques with 5-m L/10-m L/20-m L syringes were used in 31, 19, 34 and 18 procedures, respectively. There were significant differences between these four suction techniques in terms of cytological diagnostic accuracy(90.3% vs 63.2% vs 58.8% vs 55.6%, P = 0.019), sensitivity(88.2% vs 41.7% vs 40.0% vs 36.4%, P = 0.009) and blood contamination(score ≥ 2 for 29.0% vs 52.6% vs 70.6% vs 72.2%, P = 0.003). The accuracy and sensitivity of the slow-pull technique were significantly higher than those of the suction techniques using 5-m L(P = 0.03, P = 0.014), 10-m L(P = 0.005; P = 0.006) and 20-mL syringes(P = 0.01, P = 0.01). Blood contamination was significantly lower in the slow-pull technique than in the suction techniques with 10-m L(P = 0.001) and 20-mL syringes(P = 0.007).CONCLUSION The slow-pull technique may increase the cytological diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity with slight blood contamination during EUS-FNA when using 22-gauge needles for solid pancreatic masses.
文摘AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope,negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model.METHODS In vitro experiments in small intestinal loops from 20pigs and in vivo experiments in 20 living pigs were conducted.RESULTS In in vitro experiments,a negative pressure of>0.06MPa was necessary for optimal visualization of the intestine,and this pressure did not cause gross or histological damage to the mucosa.For satisfactory examination of the small intestine in vivo,higher negative pressure(>1.00 MPa)was required.Despite this higher pressure,the small intestine did not show any gross or microscopic damage in the suctioned areas.The average time of examination in the living animals was 60±7.67 min.The animals did not experience any apparent ill effects from the procedure.CONCLUSION Small intestine endoscope was safely performed within a reasonable time period and enabled complete visualization of the intestine in most cases.
文摘A series of experiments on a solid feed system was performed to investigate the effect of negative pressure gradient on the gas-solid flow pattern and hydrodynamic characteristics.Based on the non-fluidized gas-solid two phase flow and particulate mechanics in the standpipe,a method for predicting the pressure of the air passing through the recycle chamber and the pressure drop through the loop seal slit in these systems is also presented.The predicted pressure profile along the negative pressure gradient from the proposed model exhibits a good agreement with the experimental data.The experimental data show that the gas flow in the standpipe is always upward in the negative pressure gradients,while the direction ofthe superficial gas velocity through the recycle chamber of the loop seal does not affect the pressure drop in standpipe.It increases with an increasing negative pressure gradient.
文摘Purpose： To get the maximum benefit of vacuum-assisted closure （VAC） in the management of acute and chronic wounds without abuse or misuse. Methods： Fourty one patients were included in the study. Among them, 9 patients had chronic wounds and the rest 32 patients had acute wounds. In acute wounds, 19 patients had co-morbid conditions. Seven patients had gaped wounds, 4 patients had necrotizing fasciitis and 2 patients had enter- ocutaneous fistula. Results： The hospitalization period varied from 1 to 6 weeks. The follow-up period was up to 6 months. No mortality was recorded during this study. All skin grafts showed complete healing. Necrotizing fas- ciitis was managed with good outcome. Wounds with enterocutaneous fistula have improved. In chronic wounds, good healing and excellent outcome were obtained. Conclusion： The VAC therapy is an essential element for the management of problematic acute and chronic wounds.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11225104)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2015CB352302)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Kolmogorov's exponential inequalities are basic tools for studying the strong limit theorems such as the classical laws of the iterated logarithm for both independent and dependent random variables. This paper establishes the Kolmogorov type exponential inequalities of the partial sums of independent random variables as well as negatively dependent random variables under the sub-linear expectations. As applications of the exponential inequalities, the laws of the iterated logarithm in the sense of non-additive capacities are proved for independent or negatively dependent identically distributed random variables with finite second order moments.For deriving a lower bound of an exponential inequality, a central limit theorem is also proved under the sublinear expectation for random variables with only finite variances.
