Photodetachment of H- irradiated by linearly polarized few-cycle laser field is investigated by time-dependent SchrSdinger equation numerically. The photo-electron left-right asymmetry parameter as a function of carri...Photodetachment of H- irradiated by linearly polarized few-cycle laser field is investigated by time-dependent SchrSdinger equation numerically. The photo-electron left-right asymmetry parameter as a function of carrier-envelop （CE） phase of few-cycle pulses is attained. We confirm the asymmetry of photoelectron distribution in H- photodetachment and find that the maximal asymmetry parameter of H- is equal to that of H atom under the same conditions but the corresponding CE phases are quite different. Thus a CE phase shift appears. Compared to that of H atom and field free electron, the zero asymmetry CE phase shift is sensitively affected by Coulomb field. The Coulomb effect on the asymmetry of H- photodetachment mainly behaves in the CE phase shift of H- instead of the amplitude of asymmetry parameter curve.展开更多
An efficient cycle slip detection method is proposed for high precision positioning and navigation results with global positioning system （GPS）,which is based on the assumption of a high sampling interval, measureme...An efficient cycle slip detection method is proposed for high precision positioning and navigation results with global positioning system （GPS）,which is based on the assumption of a high sampling interval, measurement errors are so small that they can be ignored in the temporal single difference observables. And ambiguities are ordinarily equal to zero,but could be the number of cycles that have ＂slipped＂ if loss-of-lock has occurred.Therefore,cycle slips are estimated as parameters of time-relative positioning observation equations.Because the temporal single difference observables are taken at different epochs and different stations with a single GPS receiver,if time-relative positioning observation equations are linearized as that of conventional relative positioning,the design matrix will be rank defective.To obtain a stable linearization scheme,time-relative positioning observation equations are further analyzed,and the concept of virtual measurement is applied.A sample of data collected on a vehicle test shows that a cycle slip detection approach based on time-relative positioning theory can detect slips at the value of one cycle.The results also indicate if two satellites are so near to each other that they have the same equivalent to satellite-receiver geometry,cycle slip detection will be difficult and may get wrong results.Cycle slips of different satellites also affect detection by satellite-receiver geometry.展开更多
The immunohistochemical localization of IAA and the comparison of their relative levels were carried out for the first time in the anthers of Nongken 58S and its wild type Nongken 58 (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica) af...The immunohistochemical localization of IAA and the comparison of their relative levels were carried out for the first time in the anthers of Nongken 58S and its wild type Nongken 58 (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica) after long_day and short_day treatments. The distribution of free_IAA in anthers and its dynamic variation could be reflected by this method. The results showed that the IAA level in the anthers of Nongken 58S after long_day treatment was much lower than that in short_day_treated Nongken 58S and those in wild type Nongken 58 in five stages from pistil and stamen primordia formation to late uninucleate stage. The possible reasons for IAA deficiency in Nongken 58S_LD anthers and its relationship with fertility alteration were also discussed.展开更多
The self-incompatibility ( S) loci from the Solanaceae, Rosaceae and Scrophulariaceae encode a class of ribonucleases, known as S RNases, which have been shown to control the pistil expression of self-incompatible rea...The self-incompatibility ( S) loci from the Solanaceae, Rosaceae and Scrophulariaceae encode a class of ribonucleases, known as S RNases, which have been shown to control the pistil expression of self-incompatible reaction. In the former two families, the S loci have been shown to be located near centromere. However, the chromosomal location of the S locus in Antirrhinum, a species of the Scrophulariaceae, is not known. To determine its chromosomal location and genomic organization, an S-2 RNase gene and its corresponding 63 kb BAC clone were separately used for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of mitotic metaphase chromosomes of a self-incompatible Antirrhinum line Of S2S5. The results showed that the S-2 RNase detected a doublet signal near the centromere of the smallest chromosome (2n = 16). Two separate doublet signals of the tested BAC sequence were shown on both sides of the centromeres of all eight pairs of the chromosomes, suggesting that the Antirrhinum S locus is located in a pericentromeric region. Furthermore, a retrotransposon, named RIS1 (retrotransposon in the S locus), which has not been identified yet in. Antirrhinum, was found next to S-2 RNase. Taken together, the centromeric location of the S locus from the three S-RNase-based self-incompatible families provides a further support on a common origin of their evolution as well as suppressed recombination.展开更多
Many flaviviruses are significant human pathogens causing considerable disease burdens,including encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever,in the regions in which they are endemic.A paucity of treatments for flaviviral infec...Many flaviviruses are significant human pathogens causing considerable disease burdens,including encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever,in the regions in which they are endemic.A paucity of treatments for flaviviral infections has driven interest in drug development targeting proteins essential to flavivirus replication,such as the viral protease.During viral replication,the flavivirus genome is translated as a single polyprotein precursor,which must be cleaved into individual proteins by a complex of the viral protease,NS3,and its cofactor,NS2B.Because this cleavage is an obligate step of the viral life-cycle,the flavivirus protease is an attractive target for antiviral drug development.In this review,we will survey recent drug development studies targeting the NS3 active site,as well as studies targeting an NS2B/NS3interaction site determined from flavivirus protease crystal structures.展开更多
A simple barotropic potential vorticity equation with the influence of dissipation is applied to investigate the nonlinear Rossby wave in a shear flow in the tropical atmophere. By the reduetive perturbation method, w...A simple barotropic potential vorticity equation with the influence of dissipation is applied to investigate the nonlinear Rossby wave in a shear flow in the tropical atmophere. By the reduetive perturbation method, we derive the rotational KdV （rKdV for short） equation. And then, with the help of Jaeobi elliptie functions, we obtain various periodic structures for these Rossby waves. It is shown that dissipation is very important for these periodic structures of rational form.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate whether the cellular proliferation rate in the large bowel epithelial cells is characterized by circadian rhythm. METHODS： Between January 2003 and December 2004, twenty patients who were diagnosed ...AIM： To evaluate whether the cellular proliferation rate in the large bowel epithelial cells is characterized by circadian rhythm. METHODS： Between January 2003 and December 2004, twenty patients who were diagnosed as suffering from primary, resectable, non-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lower rectum, infiltrating the sphincter mechanism, underwent abdominoperineal resection, total mesorectal excision and permanent left iliac colostomy. In formalinfixed and paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens obtained from the colostomy mucosa every six hours （00：00, 06：00, 12：00, 18：00 and 24：00）, we studied the expression of G1 phase cyclins （D1 and E） as well as the expression of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinase （CDK） inhibitors p16 and p21 as indicators of cell cycle progres- sion in colonic epithelial cells using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS： The expression of both cyclins showed a similar circadian fashion obtaining their lowest and highest values at 00：00 and 18：00, respectively （P〈 0.001）. A circadian rhythm in the expression of CDK inhibitor proteins p16 and p21 was also observed, with the lowest levels obtained at 12：00 and 18：00 （P〈0.001）, respectively. When the complexes cyclins D1-p21 and E-p21 were examined, the expression of the cyclins was adversely correlated to the p21 expression throughout the day. When the complexes the cyclins D1-p16 and E-p16 were examined, high levels of p16 expression were correlated to low levels of cyclin expression at 00：00, 06：00 and 24：00. Meanwhile, the highest expression levels of both cyclins were correlated to high levels of p16 expression at 18：00. CONCLUSION： Colonic epithelial cells seem to enter the G1 phase of the cell cycle during afternoon （between 12：00 and 18：00） with the highest rates obtained at 18：00. From a clinical point of view, the present results suggest that G1-phase specific anticancer therapies in afternoon might maximize their anti-tumor effect while minimizing toxicity.展开更多
A general solution including three arbitrary functions is obtained for the (2+1)-dimensional higher-orderBroer-Kaup equation by means of WTC truncation method.Introducing proper multiple valued functions and Jacobiell...A general solution including three arbitrary functions is obtained for the (2+1)-dimensional higher-orderBroer-Kaup equation by means of WTC truncation method.Introducing proper multiple valued functions and Jacobielliptic functions in the seed solution,special types of periodic folded waves are derived.In long wave limit theseperiodic folded wave patterns may degenerate into single localized folded solitary wave excitations.The interactions ofthe periodic folded waves and their degenerated single folded solitary waves are investigated graphically and are foundto be completely elastic.展开更多
Existing optimization methodologies for intersection operations assumes a fixed geometric design, however the geometry and operational system should be simultaneously optimized to produce the best performance. Signali...Existing optimization methodologies for intersection operations assumes a fixed geometric design, however the geometry and operational system should be simultaneously optimized to produce the best performance. Signalized crosswalks are complex and critical pedestrian facilities. Their geometry and configuration directly affect the safety, cycle length and resulting delays for all users. As crosswalks become wider or they are placed further upstream, the cycle length will increase due to the all-red time requirement, which deteriorates the overall mobility levels of signalized intersections. In contrast, when crosswalk width decreases, the required minimum pedestrian crossing time increases due to the bi-directional pedestrian flow effects, which leads to longer cycle length. Furthermore, existing manuals and guidelines do not offer any specification for the required crosswalk width under various pedestrian demand conditions. This study aims to propose new criteria for designing crosswalk width at signalized intersections, which can optimize the performance from the viewpoint of vehicular traffic and pedestrians. The proposed methodology considers pedestrian demand and its characteristics （such as bi-directional flow effects）, vehicle demand and the geometric characteristics of the intersection The concept of optimized crosswalk width is proposed and demonstrated through a case study. Moreover, a comprehensive discussion regarding the merits and drawbacks of existing strategies on positioning crosswalks is presented. It was found that at signalized intersections, which are characterized by low pedestrian and high vehicle demands, crosswalk width of 2 meters is appropriate to minimize cycle length and resulting delays for all users including pedestrians.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of foot bath of Chinese medicine combined with acupoint injection(FBCMCAI)on patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Methods:Databases suc...Objective:The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of foot bath of Chinese medicine combined with acupoint injection(FBCMCAI)on patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Methods:Databases such as Cochrane Library,Pubmed,Web Of Science,China Biology Medicine(CBM),CNKI,VIP and WANFANG DATA were electronically searched to collect the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(up to October 2016).According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,literature about effects of FBCMCAI in the treatment of DPN were screened and data were extracted.Literature quality evaluation was appliced by Cochrane Reviewer Handbook 5.1.0.A random or a fixed effects model was used to analyze outcomes by RevMan 5.3 software.Subgroup analysis,sensitivity analysis,and orientation description were performed if necessary.Results:11 randomized controlled trials with a total of 927 patients were included.Meta analysis results revealed that the efficacy of FBCMCAI for DPN was significantly superior to the control treatment(OR=5.07,95%CI:3.23-7.94,Z=7.08,P<0.00001).Besides,there was an increase in motor conduction velocity of peroneal nerve(SMD=1.08,95%CI:0.66-1.48,Z=5.30,P<0.00001),motor conduction velocity of tibial nerve(SMD=1.08,95%CI:0.58-1.58,Z=4.22,P<0.0001)and motor conduction velocity of median nerve(SMD=0.46,95%CI:0.23-0.68,Z=3.96,P<0.0001)in FBCMCAI groups.For another,there was also an increase in sensory motor conduction velocity of the motor nerve(SMD=0.80,95%CI:0.54-1.05,Z=6.06,P<0.00001)and sensory motor conduction velocity of median nerve(SMD=0.66,95%CI:0.38-0.93,Z=4.73,P<0.00001)in the FBCMCAI groups.Symptoms score was significantly reduced after FBCMCAI treatment(WMD=-4.21,95%CI[-4.95,-3.48],Z=11.25,P<0.00001).Conclusion:FBCMCAI may have significant therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of DPN.Diabetic neurologic symptoms and nerve conduction velocities can be improved under FBCMCAI treatment.In-depth research and high quality randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of FBCMCAI are necessary.展开更多
A series of heavy rainfall events occurred over the Yangtze River Valley(YRV)in summer 2014,which were modulated by the 10-20-day quasi-biweekly oscillation(QBWO).Thus,the strongest QBWO cycle for the period 10-24 Jul...A series of heavy rainfall events occurred over the Yangtze River Valley(YRV)in summer 2014,which were modulated by the 10-20-day quasi-biweekly oscillation(QBWO).Thus,the strongest QBWO cycle for the period 10-24 July was used as a representative case to reveal the dynamical mechanism for the QBWO of the YRV rainfall from the potential vorticity(PV)perspective and based on MERRA-2 reanalysis data.The quasi-biweekly YRV rainfall was found to depend closely on the QBWO of the upper-tropospheric South Asian high(SAH),with the SAH configuration modified by the southward-intruding midlatitude high PV stream along with southwestward-advected high PV,altering the divergent condition over the YRV.Quantitative diagnoses for the anomalous vertical motion demonstrated that,in the wet phase of the QBWO cycle,the upper-tropospheric southward-intruding high PV stream acted as a positive PV advection,while negative PV advection was generated due to the lower-tropospheric southerlies,thereby forming a positive vertical gradient of horizontal PV advection to induce evident isentropic-displacement ascending motion.On the other hand,the southward-intruding high PV stream extended downward to the middle troposphere,causing the isentropic surfaces to become more sloping,thus producing a strong isentropic-gliding ascending component.Subsequently,the stronger diabatic heating-related ascending motion was induced to generate positive rainfall anomalies over the YRV.The opposite situation arose in the dry phase,with weak descending motion in magnitude.展开更多
General Sampling Expansion Reconstruction Method (GSERM) and Digital Spectrum Reconstruction Method (DSRM), which prove effective to reconstruct azimuth signal of Displaced Phase Center Apertures (DPCA) Synthetic Aper...General Sampling Expansion Reconstruction Method (GSERM) and Digital Spectrum Reconstruction Method (DSRM), which prove effective to reconstruct azimuth signal of Displaced Phase Center Apertures (DPCA) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system from its Periodic Non-Uniform Sampling (PNUS) data sequences, would amplify the noise and sidelobe clutter simultaneously in the reconstruction. This paper formulates the relation of the system transfer matrixes of the above two methods, gives the properties, such as periodicity, symmetry, and time-shift property, of their Noise and Sidelobe Clutter Amplification Factor (NSCAF), and discovers that DSRM is more sensitive than GSERM in the white noise environment. In addition, criteria based on initial sampling point analysis for the robust PRF selection are suggested. Computer simulation results support these con-clusions.展开更多
The seismic behaviors of an integral concreting frame, a light steel storey-adding frame and a storeyadding frame strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)were investigated under low-cycle and repeated l...The seismic behaviors of an integral concreting frame, a light steel storey-adding frame and a storeyadding frame strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)were investigated under low-cycle and repeated load(scale 1∶3). The failure characteristics, hysteretic behavior, rigidity degeneracy, deflection ductility and energy-dissipation capacity of the three specimens were compared. The test results reveal that chemicallybonded rebar technique can meet the requirements of storey-adding engineering. The carrying capacity, the deflection ductility, the energy-dissipating capacity and seismic performance of the light steel storey-adding frame are higher than those of the integral concreting frame, and they are the highest in the storey-adding frame strengthened with CFRP.展开更多
To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional artificial potential field method in mobile robot path planning, an improved artificial potential field model （IAPFM） was established, then a new path planning method ...To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional artificial potential field method in mobile robot path planning, an improved artificial potential field model （IAPFM） was established, then a new path planning method combining the IAPFM with optimization algorithm （trust region algorithm） is proposed. Attractive force between the robot and the target location, and repulsive force between the robot and the obstacles are both converted to the potential field intensity; and filled potential field is used to guide the robot to go out of the local minimum points ; on this basis, the effect of dynamic obstacles velocity and the robot＇s velocity is consid thers and the IAPFM is established, then both the expressions of the attractive potential field and the repulsive potential field are obtained. The trust region algorithm is used to search the minimum value of the sum of all the potential field inten- sities within the movement scope which the robot can arrive in a sampling period. Connecting of all the points which hare the minimum intensity in every sampling period constitutes the global optimization path. Experiment result shows that the method can meet the real-time requirement, and is able to execute the mobile robot path planning task effectively in the dynamic environment.展开更多
文摘Photodetachment of H- irradiated by linearly polarized few-cycle laser field is investigated by time-dependent SchrSdinger equation numerically. The photo-electron left-right asymmetry parameter as a function of carrier-envelop （CE） phase of few-cycle pulses is attained. We confirm the asymmetry of photoelectron distribution in H- photodetachment and find that the maximal asymmetry parameter of H- is equal to that of H atom under the same conditions but the corresponding CE phases are quite different. Thus a CE phase shift appears. Compared to that of H atom and field free electron, the zero asymmetry CE phase shift is sensitively affected by Coulomb field. The Coulomb effect on the asymmetry of H- photodetachment mainly behaves in the CE phase shift of H- instead of the amplitude of asymmetry parameter curve.
文摘An efficient cycle slip detection method is proposed for high precision positioning and navigation results with global positioning system （GPS）,which is based on the assumption of a high sampling interval, measurement errors are so small that they can be ignored in the temporal single difference observables. And ambiguities are ordinarily equal to zero,but could be the number of cycles that have ＂slipped＂ if loss-of-lock has occurred.Therefore,cycle slips are estimated as parameters of time-relative positioning observation equations.Because the temporal single difference observables are taken at different epochs and different stations with a single GPS receiver,if time-relative positioning observation equations are linearized as that of conventional relative positioning,the design matrix will be rank defective.To obtain a stable linearization scheme,time-relative positioning observation equations are further analyzed,and the concept of virtual measurement is applied.A sample of data collected on a vehicle test shows that a cycle slip detection approach based on time-relative positioning theory can detect slips at the value of one cycle.The results also indicate if two satellites are so near to each other that they have the same equivalent to satellite-receiver geometry,cycle slip detection will be difficult and may get wrong results.Cycle slips of different satellites also affect detection by satellite-receiver geometry.
文摘The immunohistochemical localization of IAA and the comparison of their relative levels were carried out for the first time in the anthers of Nongken 58S and its wild type Nongken 58 (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica) after long_day and short_day treatments. The distribution of free_IAA in anthers and its dynamic variation could be reflected by this method. The results showed that the IAA level in the anthers of Nongken 58S after long_day treatment was much lower than that in short_day_treated Nongken 58S and those in wild type Nongken 58 in five stages from pistil and stamen primordia formation to late uninucleate stage. The possible reasons for IAA deficiency in Nongken 58S_LD anthers and its relationship with fertility alteration were also discussed.
文摘The self-incompatibility ( S) loci from the Solanaceae, Rosaceae and Scrophulariaceae encode a class of ribonucleases, known as S RNases, which have been shown to control the pistil expression of self-incompatible reaction. In the former two families, the S loci have been shown to be located near centromere. However, the chromosomal location of the S locus in Antirrhinum, a species of the Scrophulariaceae, is not known. To determine its chromosomal location and genomic organization, an S-2 RNase gene and its corresponding 63 kb BAC clone were separately used for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of mitotic metaphase chromosomes of a self-incompatible Antirrhinum line Of S2S5. The results showed that the S-2 RNase detected a doublet signal near the centromere of the smallest chromosome (2n = 16). Two separate doublet signals of the tested BAC sequence were shown on both sides of the centromeres of all eight pairs of the chromosomes, suggesting that the Antirrhinum S locus is located in a pericentromeric region. Furthermore, a retrotransposon, named RIS1 (retrotransposon in the S locus), which has not been identified yet in. Antirrhinum, was found next to S-2 RNase. Taken together, the centromeric location of the S locus from the three S-RNase-based self-incompatible families provides a further support on a common origin of their evolution as well as suppressed recombination.
基金supported by grants(AI094335) from the National Institute of Health and from the Wadsworth Center Scientific Interaction Group
文摘Many flaviviruses are significant human pathogens causing considerable disease burdens,including encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever,in the regions in which they are endemic.A paucity of treatments for flaviviral infections has driven interest in drug development targeting proteins essential to flavivirus replication,such as the viral protease.During viral replication,the flavivirus genome is translated as a single polyprotein precursor,which must be cleaved into individual proteins by a complex of the viral protease,NS3,and its cofactor,NS2B.Because this cleavage is an obligate step of the viral life-cycle,the flavivirus protease is an attractive target for antiviral drug development.In this review,we will survey recent drug development studies targeting the NS3 active site,as well as studies targeting an NS2B/NS3interaction site determined from flavivirus protease crystal structures.
基金The project supports by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 40233033
文摘A simple barotropic potential vorticity equation with the influence of dissipation is applied to investigate the nonlinear Rossby wave in a shear flow in the tropical atmophere. By the reduetive perturbation method, we derive the rotational KdV （rKdV for short） equation. And then, with the help of Jaeobi elliptie functions, we obtain various periodic structures for these Rossby waves. It is shown that dissipation is very important for these periodic structures of rational form.
文摘AIM： To evaluate whether the cellular proliferation rate in the large bowel epithelial cells is characterized by circadian rhythm. METHODS： Between January 2003 and December 2004, twenty patients who were diagnosed as suffering from primary, resectable, non-metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lower rectum, infiltrating the sphincter mechanism, underwent abdominoperineal resection, total mesorectal excision and permanent left iliac colostomy. In formalinfixed and paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens obtained from the colostomy mucosa every six hours （00：00, 06：00, 12：00, 18：00 and 24：00）, we studied the expression of G1 phase cyclins （D1 and E） as well as the expression of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinase （CDK） inhibitors p16 and p21 as indicators of cell cycle progres- sion in colonic epithelial cells using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS： The expression of both cyclins showed a similar circadian fashion obtaining their lowest and highest values at 00：00 and 18：00, respectively （P〈 0.001）. A circadian rhythm in the expression of CDK inhibitor proteins p16 and p21 was also observed, with the lowest levels obtained at 12：00 and 18：00 （P〈0.001）, respectively. When the complexes cyclins D1-p21 and E-p21 were examined, the expression of the cyclins was adversely correlated to the p21 expression throughout the day. When the complexes the cyclins D1-p16 and E-p16 were examined, high levels of p16 expression were correlated to low levels of cyclin expression at 00：00, 06：00 and 24：00. Meanwhile, the highest expression levels of both cyclins were correlated to high levels of p16 expression at 18：00. CONCLUSION： Colonic epithelial cells seem to enter the G1 phase of the cell cycle during afternoon （between 12：00 and 18：00） with the highest rates obtained at 18：00. From a clinical point of view, the present results suggest that G1-phase specific anticancer therapies in afternoon might maximize their anti-tumor effect while minimizing toxicity.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10472063 and 10772110
文摘A general solution including three arbitrary functions is obtained for the (2+1)-dimensional higher-orderBroer-Kaup equation by means of WTC truncation method.Introducing proper multiple valued functions and Jacobielliptic functions in the seed solution,special types of periodic folded waves are derived.In long wave limit theseperiodic folded wave patterns may degenerate into single localized folded solitary wave excitations.The interactions ofthe periodic folded waves and their degenerated single folded solitary waves are investigated graphically and are foundto be completely elastic.
文摘Existing optimization methodologies for intersection operations assumes a fixed geometric design, however the geometry and operational system should be simultaneously optimized to produce the best performance. Signalized crosswalks are complex and critical pedestrian facilities. Their geometry and configuration directly affect the safety, cycle length and resulting delays for all users. As crosswalks become wider or they are placed further upstream, the cycle length will increase due to the all-red time requirement, which deteriorates the overall mobility levels of signalized intersections. In contrast, when crosswalk width decreases, the required minimum pedestrian crossing time increases due to the bi-directional pedestrian flow effects, which leads to longer cycle length. Furthermore, existing manuals and guidelines do not offer any specification for the required crosswalk width under various pedestrian demand conditions. This study aims to propose new criteria for designing crosswalk width at signalized intersections, which can optimize the performance from the viewpoint of vehicular traffic and pedestrians. The proposed methodology considers pedestrian demand and its characteristics （such as bi-directional flow effects）, vehicle demand and the geometric characteristics of the intersection The concept of optimized crosswalk width is proposed and demonstrated through a case study. Moreover, a comprehensive discussion regarding the merits and drawbacks of existing strategies on positioning crosswalks is presented. It was found that at signalized intersections, which are characterized by low pedestrian and high vehicle demands, crosswalk width of 2 meters is appropriate to minimize cycle length and resulting delays for all users including pedestrians.
文摘Objective:The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of foot bath of Chinese medicine combined with acupoint injection(FBCMCAI)on patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN).Methods:Databases such as Cochrane Library,Pubmed,Web Of Science,China Biology Medicine(CBM),CNKI,VIP and WANFANG DATA were electronically searched to collect the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(up to October 2016).According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,literature about effects of FBCMCAI in the treatment of DPN were screened and data were extracted.Literature quality evaluation was appliced by Cochrane Reviewer Handbook 5.1.0.A random or a fixed effects model was used to analyze outcomes by RevMan 5.3 software.Subgroup analysis,sensitivity analysis,and orientation description were performed if necessary.Results:11 randomized controlled trials with a total of 927 patients were included.Meta analysis results revealed that the efficacy of FBCMCAI for DPN was significantly superior to the control treatment(OR=5.07,95%CI:3.23-7.94,Z=7.08,P<0.00001).Besides,there was an increase in motor conduction velocity of peroneal nerve(SMD=1.08,95%CI:0.66-1.48,Z=5.30,P<0.00001),motor conduction velocity of tibial nerve(SMD=1.08,95%CI:0.58-1.58,Z=4.22,P<0.0001)and motor conduction velocity of median nerve(SMD=0.46,95%CI:0.23-0.68,Z=3.96,P<0.0001)in FBCMCAI groups.For another,there was also an increase in sensory motor conduction velocity of the motor nerve(SMD=0.80,95%CI:0.54-1.05,Z=6.06,P<0.00001)and sensory motor conduction velocity of median nerve(SMD=0.66,95%CI:0.38-0.93,Z=4.73,P<0.00001)in the FBCMCAI groups.Symptoms score was significantly reduced after FBCMCAI treatment(WMD=-4.21,95%CI[-4.95,-3.48],Z=11.25,P<0.00001).Conclusion:FBCMCAI may have significant therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of DPN.Diabetic neurologic symptoms and nerve conduction velocities can be improved under FBCMCAI treatment.In-depth research and high quality randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of FBCMCAI are necessary.
基金jointly supported by the Strategic Priority Re-search Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number XDB40000000]the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2018YFC1506004]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 41730963 and 41876020].
文摘A series of heavy rainfall events occurred over the Yangtze River Valley(YRV)in summer 2014,which were modulated by the 10-20-day quasi-biweekly oscillation(QBWO).Thus,the strongest QBWO cycle for the period 10-24 July was used as a representative case to reveal the dynamical mechanism for the QBWO of the YRV rainfall from the potential vorticity(PV)perspective and based on MERRA-2 reanalysis data.The quasi-biweekly YRV rainfall was found to depend closely on the QBWO of the upper-tropospheric South Asian high(SAH),with the SAH configuration modified by the southward-intruding midlatitude high PV stream along with southwestward-advected high PV,altering the divergent condition over the YRV.Quantitative diagnoses for the anomalous vertical motion demonstrated that,in the wet phase of the QBWO cycle,the upper-tropospheric southward-intruding high PV stream acted as a positive PV advection,while negative PV advection was generated due to the lower-tropospheric southerlies,thereby forming a positive vertical gradient of horizontal PV advection to induce evident isentropic-displacement ascending motion.On the other hand,the southward-intruding high PV stream extended downward to the middle troposphere,causing the isentropic surfaces to become more sloping,thus producing a strong isentropic-gliding ascending component.Subsequently,the stronger diabatic heating-related ascending motion was induced to generate positive rainfall anomalies over the YRV.The opposite situation arose in the dry phase,with weak descending motion in magnitude.
文摘General Sampling Expansion Reconstruction Method (GSERM) and Digital Spectrum Reconstruction Method (DSRM), which prove effective to reconstruct azimuth signal of Displaced Phase Center Apertures (DPCA) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system from its Periodic Non-Uniform Sampling (PNUS) data sequences, would amplify the noise and sidelobe clutter simultaneously in the reconstruction. This paper formulates the relation of the system transfer matrixes of the above two methods, gives the properties, such as periodicity, symmetry, and time-shift property, of their Noise and Sidelobe Clutter Amplification Factor (NSCAF), and discovers that DSRM is more sensitive than GSERM in the white noise environment. In addition, criteria based on initial sampling point analysis for the robust PRF selection are suggested. Computer simulation results support these con-clusions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51379142)
文摘The seismic behaviors of an integral concreting frame, a light steel storey-adding frame and a storeyadding frame strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)were investigated under low-cycle and repeated load(scale 1∶3). The failure characteristics, hysteretic behavior, rigidity degeneracy, deflection ductility and energy-dissipation capacity of the three specimens were compared. The test results reveal that chemicallybonded rebar technique can meet the requirements of storey-adding engineering. The carrying capacity, the deflection ductility, the energy-dissipating capacity and seismic performance of the light steel storey-adding frame are higher than those of the integral concreting frame, and they are the highest in the storey-adding frame strengthened with CFRP.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Programme of China（ No. 2006AA04Z245 ） and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （ No. 200904500988 ）.
文摘To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional artificial potential field method in mobile robot path planning, an improved artificial potential field model （IAPFM） was established, then a new path planning method combining the IAPFM with optimization algorithm （trust region algorithm） is proposed. Attractive force between the robot and the target location, and repulsive force between the robot and the obstacles are both converted to the potential field intensity; and filled potential field is used to guide the robot to go out of the local minimum points ; on this basis, the effect of dynamic obstacles velocity and the robot＇s velocity is consid thers and the IAPFM is established, then both the expressions of the attractive potential field and the repulsive potential field are obtained. The trust region algorithm is used to search the minimum value of the sum of all the potential field inten- sities within the movement scope which the robot can arrive in a sampling period. Connecting of all the points which hare the minimum intensity in every sampling period constitutes the global optimization path. Experiment result shows that the method can meet the real-time requirement, and is able to execute the mobile robot path planning task effectively in the dynamic environment.
