Effects of periodic temperature variation on glycerol fermentation by osmophilic yeast was discussed.At the same time,glycerol fermentation by periodic temperature variation,constant temperature,aerating nitrogen or c...Effects of periodic temperature variation on glycerol fermentation by osmophilic yeast was discussed.At the same time,glycerol fermentation by periodic temperature variation,constant temperature,aerating nitrogen or carbon dioxide during the later stage were compared.The result showed that glycerol yield by periodic temperature variation fermentation was higher than that by constant temperature fermentation and an appropriate temperature oscillatory range was 35-45?℃.During the later stage of constant temperature fermentation,when fermentation time was 72?h,glycerol yield was the highest.After that,glycerol yield began to reduce and glycerol began to be consumed.Then,nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide was sparged in fermentation medium to ferment glycerol unceasingly,which can decrease residual sugar,increase glycerol yield further and avoid glycerol being consumed.Moreover,during the later stage of glycerol fermentation,glycerol yield by sparging nitrogen gas was higher than that by sparging carbon dioxide.展开更多
This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternati...This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternatives for liquid fuel and aviation industry is first discussed.Key insights encompass the evolutionary progression of biofuel production from first-generation to second-generation biofuels,with a focus on utilizing non-food sources like woody biomass for enhanced sustainability.Available data from the literature on techno-economic assessments of various SAF production pathways are analyzed including production costs,conversion efficiency,and scalability.Moreover,results of lifecycle assessments associated with different SAF production pathways are presented,providing essential insights for decision-making processes.The challenges of scaling up woody biomass-based SAF production are discussed based on the assessment results,and recommendations are proposed to steer stakeholders towards a greener and more sustainable trajectory for aviation operations.展开更多
Several food companies are implementing effective strategies to evaluate the environmental impacts of their products or processes and to estimate the greenhouse gases emissions （GHG） using a life cycle approach. Par...Several food companies are implementing effective strategies to evaluate the environmental impacts of their products or processes and to estimate the greenhouse gases emissions （GHG） using a life cycle approach. Particularly, a sector which can play an important role to reduce the impact on the environment through the life cycle thinking is the beverage packaging. In this context, the aim of this study was to use the life cycle assessment （LCA） method to investigate the consistency of the preference order across two alternative beverage packages through the application of two impact assessment methods, namely the IPCC 2007 which is focused on the GHG emissions estimation and the EcoIndicator 99 which considers several environmental categories including impact on climate change. The results showed that the life cycle approach employment was a useful strategy to investigate the consistency of the preference order across two beverage packages, especially, whether the results are made more reliable by the utilization of primary data. The investigation on climate change conducted on two level, initially, the quantification of the GHG emissions and secondly the estimation of the related diseases and mortality, demonstrated that the laminated carton presents lower impacts than the high-density polyethylene （HDPE） bottle.展开更多
基金国家"九五"攻关项目 (No .96 -C0 3-0 3-0 3A)国家计委重点工业性实验项目资助
文摘Effects of periodic temperature variation on glycerol fermentation by osmophilic yeast was discussed.At the same time,glycerol fermentation by periodic temperature variation,constant temperature,aerating nitrogen or carbon dioxide during the later stage were compared.The result showed that glycerol yield by periodic temperature variation fermentation was higher than that by constant temperature fermentation and an appropriate temperature oscillatory range was 35-45?℃.During the later stage of constant temperature fermentation,when fermentation time was 72?h,glycerol yield was the highest.After that,glycerol yield began to reduce and glycerol began to be consumed.Then,nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide was sparged in fermentation medium to ferment glycerol unceasingly,which can decrease residual sugar,increase glycerol yield further and avoid glycerol being consumed.Moreover,during the later stage of glycerol fermentation,glycerol yield by sparging nitrogen gas was higher than that by sparging carbon dioxide.
文摘This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternatives for liquid fuel and aviation industry is first discussed.Key insights encompass the evolutionary progression of biofuel production from first-generation to second-generation biofuels,with a focus on utilizing non-food sources like woody biomass for enhanced sustainability.Available data from the literature on techno-economic assessments of various SAF production pathways are analyzed including production costs,conversion efficiency,and scalability.Moreover,results of lifecycle assessments associated with different SAF production pathways are presented,providing essential insights for decision-making processes.The challenges of scaling up woody biomass-based SAF production are discussed based on the assessment results,and recommendations are proposed to steer stakeholders towards a greener and more sustainable trajectory for aviation operations.
文摘Several food companies are implementing effective strategies to evaluate the environmental impacts of their products or processes and to estimate the greenhouse gases emissions （GHG） using a life cycle approach. Particularly, a sector which can play an important role to reduce the impact on the environment through the life cycle thinking is the beverage packaging. In this context, the aim of this study was to use the life cycle assessment （LCA） method to investigate the consistency of the preference order across two alternative beverage packages through the application of two impact assessment methods, namely the IPCC 2007 which is focused on the GHG emissions estimation and the EcoIndicator 99 which considers several environmental categories including impact on climate change. The results showed that the life cycle approach employment was a useful strategy to investigate the consistency of the preference order across two beverage packages, especially, whether the results are made more reliable by the utilization of primary data. The investigation on climate change conducted on two level, initially, the quantification of the GHG emissions and secondly the estimation of the related diseases and mortality, demonstrated that the laminated carton presents lower impacts than the high-density polyethylene （HDPE） bottle.
