目的研究在声场测试中,头戴式耳机和插入式耳机对不同频率声音的衰减作用。方法选取40名健听人,在声场条件下测试双耳裸耳听阈及双耳分别佩戴头戴式和插入式耳机双耳听阈,耳机均不给声。比较在声场条件下不同类型耳机对不同频率声音的...目的研究在声场测试中,头戴式耳机和插入式耳机对不同频率声音的衰减作用。方法选取40名健听人,在声场条件下测试双耳裸耳听阈及双耳分别佩戴头戴式和插入式耳机双耳听阈,耳机均不给声。比较在声场条件下不同类型耳机对不同频率声音的衰减作用。结果头戴式耳机在0.25~8 kHz每倍频程的声音衰减值分别为6.13±2.40 dB HL、7.00±3.36 dB HL、12.50±3.92 dB HL、18.75±5.03 dB HL、28.25±6.56 dB HL、17.50±5.99 dB HL;插入式耳机在0.25~8 kHz每倍频程的声音衰减值分别为16.88±5.27 dB HL、18.13±5.27 dB HL、22.38±4.08 dB HL、31.25±4.49 dB HL、36.13±5.49 dB HL、35.50±6.68 dB HL。结论两种不同类型耳机对不同频率声音的衰减均有显著效果,对声音的衰减值随着频率的升高而增加,在1~8 kHz范围内效果更显著,插入式耳机的衰减效果明显优于头戴式耳机。展开更多
Frequency dependences of the sound attenuation and phase velocity in an encapsulated bubbly liquid, such as ultrasound contrast agent or Levovist suspensions, at three different concentrations are studied over a bandw...Frequency dependences of the sound attenuation and phase velocity in an encapsulated bubbly liquid, such as ultrasound contrast agent or Levovist suspensions, at three different concentrations are studied over a bandwidth 1.5-4.5MHz by using an ultrasonic spectroscopy technique. Measurement of acoustic attenuation spectra demonstrates that the resonant frequency of the Levovist suspension is nearly 2.3-2.5MHz, and the sound attenuation enhances with the increasing concentration. With the measured sound attenuation spectra, the shear modulus and the shear viscosity are estimated to be 80 Mpa and 1.3 Pa s, respectively. The phase velocity exhibits a rapid rise with frequency smaller than 3.0 MHz, then appears to approach a frequency-independent limit above 3.0 MHz, and the change of the phase velocity over the measured frequency range is also proportional to the concentration.展开更多
In marine engine exhaust silencing systems, the presence of exhaust gas flow influences the sound propagation inside the systems and the acoustic attenuation performance of silencers. In order to investigate the effec...In marine engine exhaust silencing systems, the presence of exhaust gas flow influences the sound propagation inside the systems and the acoustic attenuation performance of silencers. In order to investigate the effects of three-dimensional gas flow and acoustic damping on the acoustic attenuation characteristics of marine engine exhaust silencers, a dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) was developed. The acoustic governing equation in three-dimensional potential flow was derived first, and then the DRBEM numerical procedure is given. Compared to the conventional boundary element method (CBEM), the DRBEM considers the second order terms of flow Mach number in the acoustic governing equation, so it is suitable for the cases with higher Mach number subsonic flow. For complex exhaust silencers, it is difficult to apply the single-domain boundary element method, so a substructure approach based on the dual reciprocity boundary element method is presented. The experiments for measuring transmission loss of silencers are conducted, and the experimental setup and measurements are explained. The transmission loss of a single expansion chamber silencer with extended inlet and outlet were predicted by DRBEM and compared with the measurements. The good agreements between predictions and measurements are observed, which demonstrated that the derived acoustic governing equation and the DRBEM numerical procedure in the present study are correct.展开更多
文摘目的研究在声场测试中,头戴式耳机和插入式耳机对不同频率声音的衰减作用。方法选取40名健听人,在声场条件下测试双耳裸耳听阈及双耳分别佩戴头戴式和插入式耳机双耳听阈,耳机均不给声。比较在声场条件下不同类型耳机对不同频率声音的衰减作用。结果头戴式耳机在0.25~8 kHz每倍频程的声音衰减值分别为6.13±2.40 dB HL、7.00±3.36 dB HL、12.50±3.92 dB HL、18.75±5.03 dB HL、28.25±6.56 dB HL、17.50±5.99 dB HL;插入式耳机在0.25~8 kHz每倍频程的声音衰减值分别为16.88±5.27 dB HL、18.13±5.27 dB HL、22.38±4.08 dB HL、31.25±4.49 dB HL、36.13±5.49 dB HL、35.50±6.68 dB HL。结论两种不同类型耳机对不同频率声音的衰减均有显著效果,对声音的衰减值随着频率的升高而增加,在1~8 kHz范围内效果更显著,插入式耳机的衰减效果明显优于头戴式耳机。
文摘Frequency dependences of the sound attenuation and phase velocity in an encapsulated bubbly liquid, such as ultrasound contrast agent or Levovist suspensions, at three different concentrations are studied over a bandwidth 1.5-4.5MHz by using an ultrasonic spectroscopy technique. Measurement of acoustic attenuation spectra demonstrates that the resonant frequency of the Levovist suspension is nearly 2.3-2.5MHz, and the sound attenuation enhances with the increasing concentration. With the measured sound attenuation spectra, the shear modulus and the shear viscosity are estimated to be 80 Mpa and 1.3 Pa s, respectively. The phase velocity exhibits a rapid rise with frequency smaller than 3.0 MHz, then appears to approach a frequency-independent limit above 3.0 MHz, and the change of the phase velocity over the measured frequency range is also proportional to the concentration.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10474016.
文摘In marine engine exhaust silencing systems, the presence of exhaust gas flow influences the sound propagation inside the systems and the acoustic attenuation performance of silencers. In order to investigate the effects of three-dimensional gas flow and acoustic damping on the acoustic attenuation characteristics of marine engine exhaust silencers, a dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) was developed. The acoustic governing equation in three-dimensional potential flow was derived first, and then the DRBEM numerical procedure is given. Compared to the conventional boundary element method (CBEM), the DRBEM considers the second order terms of flow Mach number in the acoustic governing equation, so it is suitable for the cases with higher Mach number subsonic flow. For complex exhaust silencers, it is difficult to apply the single-domain boundary element method, so a substructure approach based on the dual reciprocity boundary element method is presented. The experiments for measuring transmission loss of silencers are conducted, and the experimental setup and measurements are explained. The transmission loss of a single expansion chamber silencer with extended inlet and outlet were predicted by DRBEM and compared with the measurements. The good agreements between predictions and measurements are observed, which demonstrated that the derived acoustic governing equation and the DRBEM numerical procedure in the present study are correct.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Education of China under Grant No 705017, the State Key Basic Research Programme of China under Grant No 51315, and the Excellent Youth Science Foundation of China under Grant No 10125417.
