提出一种基于人体皮肤多线性(Skinned Multiple Person Linear,SMPL)模型的3D动画重建方法。将SMPL模型与一副图像进行拟合,对SMPL轮廓进行扭曲,以匹配原始图像中目标人物轮廓;向投影SMPL法线贴图和蒙皮贴图应用该扭曲,获得可用于构建...提出一种基于人体皮肤多线性(Skinned Multiple Person Linear,SMPL)模型的3D动画重建方法。将SMPL模型与一副图像进行拟合,对SMPL轮廓进行扭曲,以匹配原始图像中目标人物轮廓;向投影SMPL法线贴图和蒙皮贴图应用该扭曲,获得可用于构建人物的正面视图和背面视图;将视图与拟合的3D骨架相结合,以重建目标人物轮廓。此外,针对自遮挡问题,提出一个解决方案。对包括艺术作品、海报、涂鸦等正面图进行测试,通过提出的用户接口改变3D人物姿态,通过编辑和调整,从单幅人物图像重建的3D动画接近现实动画。所提方法在细节处理方面较好,手部、头发等纹理细节部分得到了较好的保留和再现,优于一些同类方法。展开更多
The aim of this study was to assay the polyphenols,flavonoid,polyphenol oxidase and phenylalnine ammonialyase which were relative to the anthocyanins synthesis of purple corn. The optimization of multiple linear regre...The aim of this study was to assay the polyphenols,flavonoid,polyphenol oxidase and phenylalnine ammonialyase which were relative to the anthocyanins synthesis of purple corn. The optimization of multiple linear regression model of anthocyanins synthesis was y=4.383 86-0.205 45x1＋5.479 638x2＋0.195 575x4. According to standard partial regression coefficient testing,the result indicated that polyphenols content was negatively correlated with anthocyanins and the relative influence to anthocyanins synthesis was-42.7%; flavonoid content and activity of polyphenol oxidase were positively correlated with anthocyanins of purple corn and the relative influence to anthocyanins synthesis were 71.45% and 73.32% respectively. There was no positive correlation between the activity of phenylalnine ammonialyase and anthocyanins of purple corn. The establishment of multiple linear regression model of anthocyanins synthesis was to provide theory foundation of producing anthocyanins in laboratory.展开更多
By analyzing the observed phenomena and the data collected in the study, a multi-compartment linear circulation model for targeting drug delivery system was developed and the function formulas of the drug concentratio...By analyzing the observed phenomena and the data collected in the study, a multi-compartment linear circulation model for targeting drug delivery system was developed and the function formulas of the drug concentration-time in blood and target organ by computing were figured out. The drug concentration-time curve for target organ can be plotted with reference to the data of drug concentration in blood according to the model. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug in target organ could also be obtained. The practicability of the model was further checked by the curves of drug concentration-time in blood and target organ(liver) of liver-targeting nanoparticles in animal tests. Based on the liver drug concentration-time curves calculated by the function formula of the drug in target organ, the pharmacokinetic behavior of the drug in target organ(liver) was analyzed by statistical moment, and its pharmacokinetic parameters in liver were obtained. It is suggested that the (relative targeting index( can be used for quantitative evaluation of the targeting drug delivery systems.展开更多
A support vector machine (SVM) with quadratic polynomial kernel function based nonlinear model one-step-ahead predictive controller is presented. The SVM based predictive model is established with black-box identifica...A support vector machine (SVM) with quadratic polynomial kernel function based nonlinear model one-step-ahead predictive controller is presented. The SVM based predictive model is established with black-box identification method. By solving a cubic equation in the feature space, an explicit predictive control law is obtained through the predictive control mechanism. The effect of controller is demonstrated on a recognized benchmark problem and on the control of continuous-stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Simulation results show that SVM with quadratic polynomial kernel function based predictive controller can be well applied to nonlinear systems, with good performance in following reference trajectory as well as in disturbance-rejection.展开更多
Multi-kernel-based support vector machine （SVM） model structure of nonlinear systems and its specific identification method is proposed, which is composed of a SVM with linear kernel function followed in series by a...Multi-kernel-based support vector machine （SVM） model structure of nonlinear systems and its specific identification method is proposed, which is composed of a SVM with linear kernel function followed in series by a SVM with spline kernel function. With the help of this model, nonlinear model predictive control can be transformed to linear model predictive control, and consequently a unified analytical solution of optimal input of multi-step-ahead predictive control is possible to derive. This algorithm does not require online iterative optimization in order to be suitable for real-time control with less calculation. The simulation results of pH neutralization process and CSTR reactor show the effectiveness and advantages of the presented algorithm.展开更多
As the highest and most extensive plateau on earth, the Tibetan Plateau has strong thermo- dynamic effect, which not only affects regional climate around the plateau but precipitation patterns of scattered meteorologi...As the highest and most extensive plateau on earth, the Tibetan Plateau has strong thermo- dynamic effect, which not only affects regional climate around the plateau but precipitation patterns of scattered meteorological also temperature and itself. However, due to stations, its spatial precipitation pattern and, especially, the mechanism behind are poorly understood. The availability of spatially consistent satellite-derived precipitation data makes it possible to get accurate precipitation pattern in the plateau, which could help quantitatively explore the effect and mechanism of mass elevation effect on precipitation pattern. This paper made full use of TMPA 3B43 V7 monthly precipitation data to track the trajectory of precipitation and identified four routes （east, southeast, south, west directions） along which moisture-laden air masses move into the plateau. We made the assumption that precipitation pattern is the result interplay of these four moisture- laden air masses transportation routes against the distances from moisture sources and the topographic barriers along the routes. To do so, we developed a multivariate linear regression model with the spatial distribution of annual mean precipitation as the dependent variable and the topographical barriers to these four moisture sources as independent variables. The result shows that our model could explain about 7o% of spatial variation of mean annual precipitation pattern in the plateau; the regression analysis also shows that the southeast moisture source （the Bay of Bengal） contributes the most （32.56%） to the rainfall pattern of the plateau; the east and the south sources have nearly the same contribution, 23.59% and 23.48%, respectively; while the west source contributes the least, only 2o.37%. The findings of this study can greatly improve our understanding of mass elevation effect on spatial precipitation pattern.展开更多
Evaluating how park characteristics affect the formation of a park cool island(PCI) is the premise of guiding green parks planning in mountain cities.The diurnal variation of PCI intensity was achieved,and correlation...Evaluating how park characteristics affect the formation of a park cool island(PCI) is the premise of guiding green parks planning in mountain cities.The diurnal variation of PCI intensity was achieved,and correlations between PCI intensity and park characteristics such as park area,landscape shape index(LSI),green ratio and altitude were analyzed,using 3 010 temperature and humidity data from measurements in six parks with typical park characteristics in Chongqing,China.The results indicate that:1) the main factor determining PCI intensity is park area,which leads to obvious cool island effect when it exceeds 14 hm2;2) there is a negative correlation between PCI intensity and LSI,showing that the rounder the park shape is,the better the cool island effect could be achieved;3) regression analysis of humidity and PCI intensity proves that photosynthesis midday depression(PMD) is an important factor causing the low PCI intensity at 13:00;4) the multivariable linear regression model proposed here could effectively well predict the daily PCI intensity in mountain cities.展开更多
Information about the spatial distribution of soil attributes is indispensable for many land resource management applications; however, the ability of soil maps to supply such information for modern modeling tools is ...Information about the spatial distribution of soil attributes is indispensable for many land resource management applications; however, the ability of soil maps to supply such information for modern modeling tools is questionable. The objectives of this study were to investigate the possibility of predicting soil depth using some terrain attributes derived from digital elevation models （DEMs） with geographic information systems （GIS） and to suggest an approach to predict other soil attributes. Soil depth was determined at 652 field observations over the A1-Muwaqqar Watershed （70 km2） in Jordan. Terrain attributes derived from 30-m resolution DEMs were utilized to predict soil depth. The results indicated that the use of multiple linear regression models within small watershed subdivisions enabled the prediction of soil depth with a difference of 50 cm for 77% of the field observations. The spatial distribution of the predicted soil depth was visually coincided and had good correlations with the spatial distribution of the classes amalgamating three terrain attributes, slope steepness, slope shape, and compound topographic index. These suggested that the modeling of soil-landscape relationships within small watershed subdivisions using the three terrain attributes was a promising approach to predict other soil attributes.展开更多
Objectives To investigate the associations of the plasma homocysteine levels with the alterations in arterial stiffness in a commu- nity-based cohort. The gender differences in these associations were examined. Method...Objectives To investigate the associations of the plasma homocysteine levels with the alterations in arterial stiffness in a commu- nity-based cohort. The gender differences in these associations were examined. Methods We evaluated the relationship between plasma homocysteine levels to three measures of vascular ftmction [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity （CF-PWV）, carotid-ankle PWV （CA-PWV） and heart rate corrected augmentation index （AI）] in 1680 participants （mean age： 61.5 years; 709 men, 971 women） from communities of Beijing, China. Results In univariate analysis, plasma homocysteine levels was positively related to the CF-PWV （r = 0.211, P 〈 0.0001） and CA-PWV （r = 0.148, P 〈 0.0001）, whereas inversely associated with AI （r = -0.052, P = 0.016）. In multiple linear regression models adjusting for covariants, plasma homocysteine remained positively related to the CF-PWV （standardized 13 = 0.065, P = 0.007） in total cases. When the groups of men and women were examined separately, plasma homocysteine remained positively associated with the CF-PWV （standardized β = 0.082, P = 0.023） in men, whereas the relations between homocysteine and any of the arterial stiffness indices were not further present in women. Conclusions In Chinese population, plasma homocysteine levels are independently associated with alterations of large artery stiffness in men but not in women.展开更多
A novel quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model for estimating the solution surface tension of 92 organic compounds at 20℃ was developed based on newly introduced atom-type topological indices. Th...A novel quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model for estimating the solution surface tension of 92 organic compounds at 20℃ was developed based on newly introduced atom-type topological indices. The data set contained non-polar and polar liquids, and saturated and unsaturated compounds. The regression analysis shows that excellent result is obtained with multiple linear regression. The predictive power of the proposed model was discussed using the leave-one-out （LOO） cross-validated （CV） method. The correlation coefficient （R） and the leave-one-out cross-validation correlation coefficient （Rcv） of multiple linear regression model are 0.991 4 and 0.991 3, respectively. The new model gives the average absolute relative deviation of 1.81% for 92 substances. The result demonstrates that novel topological indices based on the equilibrium electro-negativity of atom and the relative bond length are useful model parameters for QSPR analysis of compounds.展开更多
文摘提出一种基于人体皮肤多线性(Skinned Multiple Person Linear,SMPL)模型的3D动画重建方法。将SMPL模型与一副图像进行拟合,对SMPL轮廓进行扭曲,以匹配原始图像中目标人物轮廓;向投影SMPL法线贴图和蒙皮贴图应用该扭曲,获得可用于构建人物的正面视图和背面视图;将视图与拟合的3D骨架相结合,以重建目标人物轮廓。此外,针对自遮挡问题,提出一个解决方案。对包括艺术作品、海报、涂鸦等正面图进行测试,通过提出的用户接口改变3D人物姿态,通过编辑和调整,从单幅人物图像重建的3D动画接近现实动画。所提方法在细节处理方面较好,手部、头发等纹理细节部分得到了较好的保留和再现,优于一些同类方法。
文摘The aim of this study was to assay the polyphenols,flavonoid,polyphenol oxidase and phenylalnine ammonialyase which were relative to the anthocyanins synthesis of purple corn. The optimization of multiple linear regression model of anthocyanins synthesis was y=4.383 86-0.205 45x1＋5.479 638x2＋0.195 575x4. According to standard partial regression coefficient testing,the result indicated that polyphenols content was negatively correlated with anthocyanins and the relative influence to anthocyanins synthesis was-42.7%; flavonoid content and activity of polyphenol oxidase were positively correlated with anthocyanins of purple corn and the relative influence to anthocyanins synthesis were 71.45% and 73.32% respectively. There was no positive correlation between the activity of phenylalnine ammonialyase and anthocyanins of purple corn. The establishment of multiple linear regression model of anthocyanins synthesis was to provide theory foundation of producing anthocyanins in laboratory.
文摘By analyzing the observed phenomena and the data collected in the study, a multi-compartment linear circulation model for targeting drug delivery system was developed and the function formulas of the drug concentration-time in blood and target organ by computing were figured out. The drug concentration-time curve for target organ can be plotted with reference to the data of drug concentration in blood according to the model. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug in target organ could also be obtained. The practicability of the model was further checked by the curves of drug concentration-time in blood and target organ(liver) of liver-targeting nanoparticles in animal tests. Based on the liver drug concentration-time curves calculated by the function formula of the drug in target organ, the pharmacokinetic behavior of the drug in target organ(liver) was analyzed by statistical moment, and its pharmacokinetic parameters in liver were obtained. It is suggested that the (relative targeting index( can be used for quantitative evaluation of the targeting drug delivery systems.
基金Support by China 973 Project (No. 2002CB312200).
文摘A support vector machine (SVM) with quadratic polynomial kernel function based nonlinear model one-step-ahead predictive controller is presented. The SVM based predictive model is established with black-box identification method. By solving a cubic equation in the feature space, an explicit predictive control law is obtained through the predictive control mechanism. The effect of controller is demonstrated on a recognized benchmark problem and on the control of continuous-stirred tank reactor (CSTR). Simulation results show that SVM with quadratic polynomial kernel function based predictive controller can be well applied to nonlinear systems, with good performance in following reference trajectory as well as in disturbance-rejection.
基金Supported by the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China （No.2002CB312200） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.60574019）.
文摘Multi-kernel-based support vector machine （SVM） model structure of nonlinear systems and its specific identification method is proposed, which is composed of a SVM with linear kernel function followed in series by a SVM with spline kernel function. With the help of this model, nonlinear model predictive control can be transformed to linear model predictive control, and consequently a unified analytical solution of optimal input of multi-step-ahead predictive control is possible to derive. This algorithm does not require online iterative optimization in order to be suitable for real-time control with less calculation. The simulation results of pH neutralization process and CSTR reactor show the effectiveness and advantages of the presented algorithm.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41421001 and 41030528)
文摘As the highest and most extensive plateau on earth, the Tibetan Plateau has strong thermo- dynamic effect, which not only affects regional climate around the plateau but precipitation patterns of scattered meteorological also temperature and itself. However, due to stations, its spatial precipitation pattern and, especially, the mechanism behind are poorly understood. The availability of spatially consistent satellite-derived precipitation data makes it possible to get accurate precipitation pattern in the plateau, which could help quantitatively explore the effect and mechanism of mass elevation effect on precipitation pattern. This paper made full use of TMPA 3B43 V7 monthly precipitation data to track the trajectory of precipitation and identified four routes （east, southeast, south, west directions） along which moisture-laden air masses move into the plateau. We made the assumption that precipitation pattern is the result interplay of these four moisture- laden air masses transportation routes against the distances from moisture sources and the topographic barriers along the routes. To do so, we developed a multivariate linear regression model with the spatial distribution of annual mean precipitation as the dependent variable and the topographical barriers to these four moisture sources as independent variables. The result shows that our model could explain about 7o% of spatial variation of mean annual precipitation pattern in the plateau; the regression analysis also shows that the southeast moisture source （the Bay of Bengal） contributes the most （32.56%） to the rainfall pattern of the plateau; the east and the south sources have nearly the same contribution, 23.59% and 23.48%, respectively; while the west source contributes the least, only 2o.37%. The findings of this study can greatly improve our understanding of mass elevation effect on spatial precipitation pattern.
基金Project(2006BAJ02A02-05) supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China
文摘Evaluating how park characteristics affect the formation of a park cool island(PCI) is the premise of guiding green parks planning in mountain cities.The diurnal variation of PCI intensity was achieved,and correlations between PCI intensity and park characteristics such as park area,landscape shape index(LSI),green ratio and altitude were analyzed,using 3 010 temperature and humidity data from measurements in six parks with typical park characteristics in Chongqing,China.The results indicate that:1) the main factor determining PCI intensity is park area,which leads to obvious cool island effect when it exceeds 14 hm2;2) there is a negative correlation between PCI intensity and LSI,showing that the rounder the park shape is,the better the cool island effect could be achieved;3) regression analysis of humidity and PCI intensity proves that photosynthesis midday depression(PMD) is an important factor causing the low PCI intensity at 13:00;4) the multivariable linear regression model proposed here could effectively well predict the daily PCI intensity in mountain cities.
基金Supported by the International Foundation for Science,Stockholm,Sweden (No.C/3402-1)
文摘Information about the spatial distribution of soil attributes is indispensable for many land resource management applications; however, the ability of soil maps to supply such information for modern modeling tools is questionable. The objectives of this study were to investigate the possibility of predicting soil depth using some terrain attributes derived from digital elevation models （DEMs） with geographic information systems （GIS） and to suggest an approach to predict other soil attributes. Soil depth was determined at 652 field observations over the A1-Muwaqqar Watershed （70 km2） in Jordan. Terrain attributes derived from 30-m resolution DEMs were utilized to predict soil depth. The results indicated that the use of multiple linear regression models within small watershed subdivisions enabled the prediction of soil depth with a difference of 50 cm for 77% of the field observations. The spatial distribution of the predicted soil depth was visually coincided and had good correlations with the spatial distribution of the classes amalgamating three terrain attributes, slope steepness, slope shape, and compound topographic index. These suggested that the modeling of soil-landscape relationships within small watershed subdivisions using the three terrain attributes was a promising approach to predict other soil attributes.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Key National Basic Research Program of China （2012CB517503, 2013CB530804） and Nature Science Foundation of China （81270941） to Ye P, and the Nature Science Foundation of China （81100878） and the Beijing Nova Program （Z121107002513124） to Bai Y. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
文摘Objectives To investigate the associations of the plasma homocysteine levels with the alterations in arterial stiffness in a commu- nity-based cohort. The gender differences in these associations were examined. Methods We evaluated the relationship between plasma homocysteine levels to three measures of vascular ftmction [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity （CF-PWV）, carotid-ankle PWV （CA-PWV） and heart rate corrected augmentation index （AI）] in 1680 participants （mean age： 61.5 years; 709 men, 971 women） from communities of Beijing, China. Results In univariate analysis, plasma homocysteine levels was positively related to the CF-PWV （r = 0.211, P 〈 0.0001） and CA-PWV （r = 0.148, P 〈 0.0001）, whereas inversely associated with AI （r = -0.052, P = 0.016）. In multiple linear regression models adjusting for covariants, plasma homocysteine remained positively related to the CF-PWV （standardized 13 = 0.065, P = 0.007） in total cases. When the groups of men and women were examined separately, plasma homocysteine remained positively associated with the CF-PWV （standardized β = 0.082, P = 0.023） in men, whereas the relations between homocysteine and any of the arterial stiffness indices were not further present in women. Conclusions In Chinese population, plasma homocysteine levels are independently associated with alterations of large artery stiffness in men but not in women.
基金Projects(20775010,21075011) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA05Z405) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China+2 种基金Project(09JJ3016) supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(09C066) supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,ChinaProject(2010CL01) supported by the Foundation of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation,China
文摘A novel quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model for estimating the solution surface tension of 92 organic compounds at 20℃ was developed based on newly introduced atom-type topological indices. The data set contained non-polar and polar liquids, and saturated and unsaturated compounds. The regression analysis shows that excellent result is obtained with multiple linear regression. The predictive power of the proposed model was discussed using the leave-one-out （LOO） cross-validated （CV） method. The correlation coefficient （R） and the leave-one-out cross-validation correlation coefficient （Rcv） of multiple linear regression model are 0.991 4 and 0.991 3, respectively. The new model gives the average absolute relative deviation of 1.81% for 92 substances. The result demonstrates that novel topological indices based on the equilibrium electro-negativity of atom and the relative bond length are useful model parameters for QSPR analysis of compounds.
