针对自动化集装箱码头上自动引导车(automated guided vehicle,AGV)数量增加导致冲突更频繁。提出一种改进的基于冲突的搜索(conflict based search,CBS)算法。底层采用基于曼哈顿距离的A算法,上层结合二叉树原理建立冲突树对AGV之间的...针对自动化集装箱码头上自动引导车(automated guided vehicle,AGV)数量增加导致冲突更频繁。提出一种改进的基于冲突的搜索(conflict based search,CBS)算法。底层采用基于曼哈顿距离的A算法,上层结合二叉树原理建立冲突树对AGV之间的冲突进行规避。以最小化AGV在岸桥和堆场之间的总路径长度为目标,使用栅格法建立AGV路网模型。考虑AGV之间的点冲突与边冲突,将自动化码头多AGV无冲突路径规划问题规约为多智能体寻径问题。实验结果表明,所提出的算法在保证堵塞率为0%的前提下,缩短总路径长度并提高运算速度,验证算法的有效性。展开更多
In recent years,multiple-load automatic guided vehicle(AGV)is increasingly used in the logistics transportation fields,owing to the advantages of smaller fleet size and fewer occurrences of traffic congestion.However,...In recent years,multiple-load automatic guided vehicle(AGV)is increasingly used in the logistics transportation fields,owing to the advantages of smaller fleet size and fewer occurrences of traffic congestion.However,one main challenge lies in the deadlock-avoidance for the dispatching process of a multiple-load AGV system.To prevent the system from falling into a deadlock,a strategy of keeping the number of jobs in the system(NJIS)at a low level is adopted in most existing literatures.It is noteworthy that a low-level NJIS will make the processing machine easier to be starved,thereby reducing the system efficiency unavoidably.The motivation of the paper is to develop a deadlock-avoidance dispatching method for a multiple-load AGV system operating at a high NJIS level.Firstly,the deadlock-avoidance dispatching method is devised by incorporating a deadlock-avoidance strategy into a dispatching procedure that contains four sub-problems.In this strategy,critical tasks are recognized according to the status of workstation buffers,and then temporarily forbidden to avoid potential deadlocks.Secondly,three multiattribute dispatching rules are designed for system efficiency,where both the traveling distance and the buffer status are taken into account.Finally,a simulation system is developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed deadlock-avoidance strategy and dispatching rules at different NJIS levels.The experimental results demonstrate that our deadlock-avoidance dispatching method can improve the system efficiency at a high NJIS level and the adaptability to various system settings,while still avoiding potential deadlocks.展开更多
文摘针对自动化集装箱码头上自动引导车(automated guided vehicle,AGV)数量增加导致冲突更频繁。提出一种改进的基于冲突的搜索(conflict based search,CBS)算法。底层采用基于曼哈顿距离的A算法,上层结合二叉树原理建立冲突树对AGV之间的冲突进行规避。以最小化AGV在岸桥和堆场之间的总路径长度为目标,使用栅格法建立AGV路网模型。考虑AGV之间的点冲突与边冲突,将自动化码头多AGV无冲突路径规划问题规约为多智能体寻径问题。实验结果表明,所提出的算法在保证堵塞率为0%的前提下,缩短总路径长度并提高运算速度,验证算法的有效性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52005427,61973154)the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(No.JCKY2018605C004)+1 种基金the Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(Nos.19KJB510013,18KJA460009)the Foundation of Graduate Innovation Center in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(No.KFJJ20190516)。
文摘In recent years,multiple-load automatic guided vehicle(AGV)is increasingly used in the logistics transportation fields,owing to the advantages of smaller fleet size and fewer occurrences of traffic congestion.However,one main challenge lies in the deadlock-avoidance for the dispatching process of a multiple-load AGV system.To prevent the system from falling into a deadlock,a strategy of keeping the number of jobs in the system(NJIS)at a low level is adopted in most existing literatures.It is noteworthy that a low-level NJIS will make the processing machine easier to be starved,thereby reducing the system efficiency unavoidably.The motivation of the paper is to develop a deadlock-avoidance dispatching method for a multiple-load AGV system operating at a high NJIS level.Firstly,the deadlock-avoidance dispatching method is devised by incorporating a deadlock-avoidance strategy into a dispatching procedure that contains four sub-problems.In this strategy,critical tasks are recognized according to the status of workstation buffers,and then temporarily forbidden to avoid potential deadlocks.Secondly,three multiattribute dispatching rules are designed for system efficiency,where both the traveling distance and the buffer status are taken into account.Finally,a simulation system is developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed deadlock-avoidance strategy and dispatching rules at different NJIS levels.The experimental results demonstrate that our deadlock-avoidance dispatching method can improve the system efficiency at a high NJIS level and the adaptability to various system settings,while still avoiding potential deadlocks.
