AIM:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a functional bowel disorder characterized by visceral hypersensitivity and altered bowel motility.There is increasing evidence suggesting the role of inflammation in the pathogenesi...AIM:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a functional bowel disorder characterized by visceral hypersensitivity and altered bowel motility.There is increasing evidence suggesting the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of IBS,which addresses the possibility that formerly established rat model of colitis could be used as an IBS model after the inflammation subsided. METHODS:Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 4% acetic acid in male Sprague-Dawley rats.The extent of inflammation was assessed by histological examination and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity assay.After subsidence of colitis,the rats were subjected to rectal distension and restraint stress,then the abdominal withdrawal reflex and the number of stress-induced fecal output were measured, respectively. RESULTS:At 2 days post-induction of colitis,the colon showed characteristic inflammatory changes in histology and 8-fold increase in MPO activity.At 7 days post-induction of colitis,the histological features and MPO activity returned to normal.The rats at 7 days post-induction of colitis showed hypersensitive response to rectal distension without an accompaning change in rectal compliance,and defecated more stools than control animals when under stress.CONCLUSION: These results concur largely with the characteristic features of IBS, visceral hypersensitivity and altered defecation pattern in the absence of detectable disease, suggesting that this animal model is a methodologically convenient and useful model for studying a subset of IBS.展开更多
AIM: To study the capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) trans-differentiating into islet-like cells and to observe the effect of portal vein transplantation of islet-like cells in the treatment of s...AIM: To study the capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) trans-differentiating into islet-like cells and to observe the effect of portal vein transplantation of islet-like cells in the treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. METHODS: BM-MSCs were isolated from SD rats and induced to differentiate into islet-like cells under defined conditions. Differentiation was evaluated with electron microscopy, RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. insulin release after glucose challenge was tested with ELiSA. Then allogeneic islet-like cells were transplanted into diabetic rats via portal vein. Blood glucose levels were monitored and islet hormones were detected in the liver and pancreas of the recipient by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: BM-MSCs were spheroid adherent monolayers with high CD90, CD29 and very low CD45 expression. Typical islet-like cells clusters were formed after induction. Electron microscopy revealed that secretory granules were densely packed within the cytoplasm of the differentiated cells. The spheroid cells expressed islet related genes and hormones. The insulin-positive cells accounted for 19.8% and mean fluorescence intensity increased by 2.6 fold after induction. The cells secreted a small amount of insulin that was increased 1.5 fold after glucose challenge. After transplantation, islet-like cells could locate in the liver expressing islet hormones and lower the glucose levels of diabetic rats during d 6 to d 20.CONCLUSION: Rat BM-MSCs could be transdifferentiated into islet-like cells in vitro . Portal vein transplantation of islet-like cells could alleviate the hyperglycemia of diabetic rats.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the effect of Scutellariae Radix extract （SRE） on ulcerative colitis （UC） in rats induced by dextran-sulfate sodium （DSS）. METHODS： Colitis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats （...AIM： To investigate the effect of Scutellariae Radix extract （SRE） on ulcerative colitis （UC） in rats induced by dextran-sulfate sodium （DSS）. METHODS： Colitis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats （170-180 g） by 4% dextran sulfate sodium （DSS, wt/v, MW 54000） in drinking water for 8 d. The treated rats received 4% DSS and SRE orally （100 mg/kg per day）. Control rats received either tap water or SRE only. Macroscopic assessment which included body weight changes, fecal occult blood and stool consistency were determined daily. At the appointed time, the rats were sacrificed and the entire colons were removed. The colon length and the myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity were measured. The severity of colitis was graded by morphological and histological assessments. The ion transport activity of the colonic mucosa was assessed by electrophysiological technique. RESULTS： Rats treated with oral administration of 4% DSS regularly developed clinical and macroscopic signs of colitis. Treatment with SRE relieved the symptoms, including the reduction in body weight, shortening 2nd ulceration of the colon. Administration of SRE also significantly reduced the histological damage induced by DSS. Moreover, the Isc responses of the colonic mucosa to forskolin, were suppressed after the induction of colitis. The stimulated ion transport activity of DSS-rats treated with SRE displayed significant improvement in the secretory responsiveness. CONCLUSION： SRE was effective in treating acute DSS- induced ulcerative colitis, as gauged by reduced clinical disease, improved macroscopic and histological damage scores, and enhanced recovery of normal colonic secretory function.展开更多
AIM: To ascertain the molecule mechanism of nuclear factor-KB (NF-κB) inhibitor curcumin preventive and therapeutic effects in rats' colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). METHODS: Sixty rats wi...AIM: To ascertain the molecule mechanism of nuclear factor-KB (NF-κB) inhibitor curcumin preventive and therapeutic effects in rats' colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). METHODS: Sixty rats with TNBS-induced colitis were treated with 2.0% curcumin in the diet. Thirty positive control rats were treated with 0.5% sulfasalazine (SASP). Thirty negative control rats and thirty model rats were treated with general diet. Changes of body weight together with histological scores were evaluated. Survival rates were also evaluated. Cell nuclear NF-κB activity in colonic mucosa was evaluated by using electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Cytoplasmic IκB protein in colonic mucosa was detected by using Western Blot analysis. Cytokine messenger expression in colonic tissue was assessed by using semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Treatment with curcumin could prevent and treat both wasting and histopathologic signs of rats with TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation. In accordance with these findings, NF-κB activation in colonic mucosa was suppressed in the curcumin-treated groups. Degradations of cytoplasmic IκB protein in colonic mucosa were blocked by curcumin treatment. Proinflammatory cytokine messenger RNA expression in colonic mucosa was also suppressed. CONCLUSION: This study shows that NF-κB inhibitor curcumin could prevent and improve experimental colitis in murine model with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The findings suggest that NF-κB inhibitor curcumin could be a potential target for the patients with IBD.展开更多
Several models of experimental ulcerative colitis have been reported previously. However, none of these models showed the optimum characteristics. Although dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis results in inflammatio...Several models of experimental ulcerative colitis have been reported previously. However, none of these models showed the optimum characteristics. Although dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis results in inflammation resembling ulcera-tive colitis, an obvious obstacle is that dextran sulfate sodium is very expensive. The aim of this study was to develop an inex-pensive model of colitis in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 2% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water for 3 d fol-lowed by an intracolonic administration of 30% ethanol. The administration of 2% dextran sulfate sodium followed by 30% ethanol induced significant weight loss, diarrhea and hematochezia in rats. Severe ulceration and inflammation of the distal part of rat colon were developed rapidly. Histological examination showed increased infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes and existence of cryptic abscesses and dysplasia. The model induced by dextran sulfate sodium at lower concentra-tion followed by 30% ethanol is characterized by a clinical course, localization of the lesions and histopathological features similar to human ulcerative colitis and fulfills the criteria set out at the beginning of this study.展开更多
Objective: To observe the series of pathological changes during the development of gastric adenocarcinoma in ulcerative rats induced by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and the expression profile of relat...Objective: To observe the series of pathological changes during the development of gastric adenocarcinoma in ulcerative rats induced by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and the expression profile of related oncogenic protein.Methods: MNNG was administered in rats with ulcers due to acetic acid treatment to induce gastric cancer, and the protein expressions of ras and c-erbB2 genes in the ulcer were examined immunohistochemically along with pathological examination.Results: The incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma in the model group reaches 40% (6/15), while none of the rats developed cancer in the control group with ulcers.Positive expressions of the proteins of p21ras and c-erbB2 were observed in the tissues undergoing canceration in the 6 rats of model group, but were not observed in the 5 control rats; p53 protein expression, however, failed to be detected in both groups.Conclusion: A new animal model of gastric cancer has been established in rats with gastric ulcer after MNNG treatment, which may facilitate the pharmacological research of gastric cancer.展开更多
Objective： To study the effect of the extract of Prunella vulgaris L. on multiple drugs resistant bacillus tuberculosis （MDR-TB）. Methods： Experimental animal model in rats was induced by MDR-TB. Normal group mode...Objective： To study the effect of the extract of Prunella vulgaris L. on multiple drugs resistant bacillus tuberculosis （MDR-TB）. Methods： Experimental animal model in rats was induced by MDR-TB. Normal group model group and Prunella vulgaris L. group were set up. The contents of IFN-7, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 were examined by ELISA. Their genome mRNAs were extracted, the target genes were amplified by PCR. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of them. Results： The content of IFN-q, of the extract of Prunella vulgaris L. group was 1.98±0.67 pg/ml, IL-4 was 6.47±1.46 pg/ml, IL-10 was 12.13±3.43 pg/ml and IL-12 was 3.02±0.86 pg/ml. Compared with the model group, Prunella vulgaris L. group was notable difference in serum IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-10 （P〈0.05）. The mRNA levels of IFN-γ, IL-12 increased and IL-10 decreased obviously, the differences were quite significant （P〈0.05）, but IL-4 had no obvious change. Conclusion： The extract of Prunella vulgaris L. can enhance the cellar immunological function in rats from up-regulation of the level of genetic transcription, accordingly provide the theory basis of healing of tuberculosis with it.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the urinary soy isoflavone metabolites from women, female piglets and rats fed with diet containing soy protein. Methods: Urinary samples from human and animals were collected after soy diet ...Objective: To investigate the urinary soy isoflavone metabolites from women, female piglets and rats fed with diet containing soy protein. Methods: Urinary samples from human and animals were collected after soy diet consumption. Identification for soy isoflavone metabolites in urine samples was processed using an Agilent Bruker LC Esquire ion trap system. Quantification of aglycone and conjugated soy isoflavone metabolites were also analyzed using a method published previously. Results: Identification studies showed that aglycones and conjugates of soy isoflavone metabolites were found in women and porcine samples. Interestingly, glucuronide conjugate of equol, besides glucuronide conjugates of genistein and daidzein, were found in rat urine. Glucuronide conjugate of equol was the major metabolite found in rat urine. A quantitative study showed that conjugated forms of isoflavones were more than 90% in woman urine, were between 80.5% and 84.5% in female porcine urine, and were less than 50% in female rat urine. Conclusion: Equol is the major metabolite found in female rat urine, but it is not found in woman or female porcine urine. Urinary profiles show that porcine model is more appropriate for mimicking human soy diet consuming studies.展开更多
In view of the extensive bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis, we used a commonly utilized animal model to detect behavioral changes in pain-related and the bone damage during the early disease, and to explore the corr...In view of the extensive bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis, we used a commonly utilized animal model to detect behavioral changes in pain-related and the bone damage during the early disease, and to explore the correlation between bone damage and pain-related behavioral changes. Methods： Arthritis were induced in Sprague-Dawley （SD） male rats by injecting complete Freund＇s adjuvant （CFA） into the tails. Pain-related behavior changes were studied using the Hargreaves, VonFrey, and acetone tests on the 0, 7, 14, day and 28 day after CFA injection. The rats were sacrificed according the same schedule. The bone damage of the right proximal tibia was studied by microCT scan and bone histological slices. Results： Animals developed soft tissue inflammation and polyarthritis on 7 days after CFA injection, and arthritic score proved obvious arthritis were established within the study period. Mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia were present in the affected hind paw from the 7 day through the 28 day, but the heat hyperalgesia and the mechanical allodynia lasted a short time after CFA injection. Trabecular bone number （Tb.N）, Tissue Mineral Content （TMC） and Bone Volume to Tissue Volume （BV/TV） in the proximal tibia by microCT scan were also reduced after induction, especial 14 days after CFA injection. The bone histologicalslices showed the trabecular bone and proteoglycan diminished, the bone damage severity scores became more severely on the 7 day after CFA injection. Using analysis of covariance, these changes had statistical significance compared with baseline. By linear regression analysis demonstrated mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia correlated well with arthritic score, bone damage parameters and bone damage severity scores. Conclusion： Adjuvant-induced arthritis （AA） were observed after CFA injection and lasted within the later experimental period. Pain-related behavioral changes were observed in the early time of AA. Bone damage was also occurred with arthritis development. Pain-related behavioral change correlated well with arthritic score and bone damage parameters展开更多
Helicity was applied to analyze several high-wind and rainstorm processes, which occurred from May to June, 2001 over Yunnan in early summer. The results of diagnostic analyses show that the rainstorm occurs in the ar...Helicity was applied to analyze several high-wind and rainstorm processes, which occurred from May to June, 2001 over Yunnan in early summer. The results of diagnostic analyses show that the rainstorm occurs in the area in which hp is positive at 700 hPa and energy is unstable. The change of helicity can reflect the movement and development of synoptic system and the position and intensity of the rainstorm. The value of hp is a negative center at the upper level and a positive at the lower level over the rainstorm position; moreover it can reflect the characteristics of vertical distribution and rotational motion.展开更多
This paper makes an analysis of the phenotype tendencies of dam populations White Large （WL） and Landrace （L） over the years 2000-2009 after the introduction of Multivariate Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and ani...This paper makes an analysis of the phenotype tendencies of dam populations White Large （WL） and Landrace （L） over the years 2000-2009 after the introduction of Multivariate Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and animal model into the genetic evaluation of pigs in the Slovak Republic. The analysis of slaughter parameters over the years 2000-2009 showed a decreasing tendency concerning the fat thickness in WL from 18.30 （2000） to 12.40 mm （2009）, which represents the reduction by 5.9 mm; in L from 16.40 mm （2000） to 12.10 mm （2009）, which means the reduction by 4.30 mm. There was also observed a positive tendency in the percentage of carcass lean meat in a slaughter body. The overall population average for the years 2000-2009 was as follows： WL 54.36% and L 54.61%. The highest values of meatiness in 2000-2009 were achieved in WL ＋ 1.59% and L ＋ 2.92%. Apart from the daily gains in all parameters, there were also found both highly significant statistical differences and interactions between a period and a breed.展开更多
基金the Research Institute of Veterinary Science,College of Veterinary Medieine,Seoul National University
文摘AIM:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a functional bowel disorder characterized by visceral hypersensitivity and altered bowel motility.There is increasing evidence suggesting the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of IBS,which addresses the possibility that formerly established rat model of colitis could be used as an IBS model after the inflammation subsided. METHODS:Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 4% acetic acid in male Sprague-Dawley rats.The extent of inflammation was assessed by histological examination and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity assay.After subsidence of colitis,the rats were subjected to rectal distension and restraint stress,then the abdominal withdrawal reflex and the number of stress-induced fecal output were measured, respectively. RESULTS:At 2 days post-induction of colitis,the colon showed characteristic inflammatory changes in histology and 8-fold increase in MPO activity.At 7 days post-induction of colitis,the histological features and MPO activity returned to normal.The rats at 7 days post-induction of colitis showed hypersensitive response to rectal distension without an accompaning change in rectal compliance,and defecated more stools than control animals when under stress.CONCLUSION: These results concur largely with the characteristic features of IBS, visceral hypersensitivity and altered defecation pattern in the absence of detectable disease, suggesting that this animal model is a methodologically convenient and useful model for studying a subset of IBS.
基金Supported by Medical Key Subject grants (2001-34) from Jiangsu Province of China
文摘AIM: To study the capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) trans-differentiating into islet-like cells and to observe the effect of portal vein transplantation of islet-like cells in the treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. METHODS: BM-MSCs were isolated from SD rats and induced to differentiate into islet-like cells under defined conditions. Differentiation was evaluated with electron microscopy, RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. insulin release after glucose challenge was tested with ELiSA. Then allogeneic islet-like cells were transplanted into diabetic rats via portal vein. Blood glucose levels were monitored and islet hormones were detected in the liver and pancreas of the recipient by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: BM-MSCs were spheroid adherent monolayers with high CD90, CD29 and very low CD45 expression. Typical islet-like cells clusters were formed after induction. Electron microscopy revealed that secretory granules were densely packed within the cytoplasm of the differentiated cells. The spheroid cells expressed islet related genes and hormones. The insulin-positive cells accounted for 19.8% and mean fluorescence intensity increased by 2.6 fold after induction. The cells secreted a small amount of insulin that was increased 1.5 fold after glucose challenge. After transplantation, islet-like cells could locate in the liver expressing islet hormones and lower the glucose levels of diabetic rats during d 6 to d 20.CONCLUSION: Rat BM-MSCs could be transdifferentiated into islet-like cells in vitro . Portal vein transplantation of islet-like cells could alleviate the hyperglycemia of diabetic rats.
基金a direct grant for research from The ChineseUniversity of Hong Kong,No. 2041075 awarded to Wing-HungKo
文摘AIM： To investigate the effect of Scutellariae Radix extract （SRE） on ulcerative colitis （UC） in rats induced by dextran-sulfate sodium （DSS）. METHODS： Colitis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats （170-180 g） by 4% dextran sulfate sodium （DSS, wt/v, MW 54000） in drinking water for 8 d. The treated rats received 4% DSS and SRE orally （100 mg/kg per day）. Control rats received either tap water or SRE only. Macroscopic assessment which included body weight changes, fecal occult blood and stool consistency were determined daily. At the appointed time, the rats were sacrificed and the entire colons were removed. The colon length and the myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity were measured. The severity of colitis was graded by morphological and histological assessments. The ion transport activity of the colonic mucosa was assessed by electrophysiological technique. RESULTS： Rats treated with oral administration of 4% DSS regularly developed clinical and macroscopic signs of colitis. Treatment with SRE relieved the symptoms, including the reduction in body weight, shortening 2nd ulceration of the colon. Administration of SRE also significantly reduced the histological damage induced by DSS. Moreover, the Isc responses of the colonic mucosa to forskolin, were suppressed after the induction of colitis. The stimulated ion transport activity of DSS-rats treated with SRE displayed significant improvement in the secretory responsiveness. CONCLUSION： SRE was effective in treating acute DSS- induced ulcerative colitis, as gauged by reduced clinical disease, improved macroscopic and histological damage scores, and enhanced recovery of normal colonic secretory function.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30270078 the Guangdong Traditional Chinese and Medicine Bureau Foundation of China, No. 1040191
文摘AIM: To ascertain the molecule mechanism of nuclear factor-KB (NF-κB) inhibitor curcumin preventive and therapeutic effects in rats' colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). METHODS: Sixty rats with TNBS-induced colitis were treated with 2.0% curcumin in the diet. Thirty positive control rats were treated with 0.5% sulfasalazine (SASP). Thirty negative control rats and thirty model rats were treated with general diet. Changes of body weight together with histological scores were evaluated. Survival rates were also evaluated. Cell nuclear NF-κB activity in colonic mucosa was evaluated by using electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Cytoplasmic IκB protein in colonic mucosa was detected by using Western Blot analysis. Cytokine messenger expression in colonic tissue was assessed by using semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Treatment with curcumin could prevent and treat both wasting and histopathologic signs of rats with TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation. In accordance with these findings, NF-κB activation in colonic mucosa was suppressed in the curcumin-treated groups. Degradations of cytoplasmic IκB protein in colonic mucosa were blocked by curcumin treatment. Proinflammatory cytokine messenger RNA expression in colonic mucosa was also suppressed. CONCLUSION: This study shows that NF-κB inhibitor curcumin could prevent and improve experimental colitis in murine model with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The findings suggest that NF-κB inhibitor curcumin could be a potential target for the patients with IBD.
文摘Several models of experimental ulcerative colitis have been reported previously. However, none of these models showed the optimum characteristics. Although dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis results in inflammation resembling ulcera-tive colitis, an obvious obstacle is that dextran sulfate sodium is very expensive. The aim of this study was to develop an inex-pensive model of colitis in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 2% dextran sulfate sodium in drinking water for 3 d fol-lowed by an intracolonic administration of 30% ethanol. The administration of 2% dextran sulfate sodium followed by 30% ethanol induced significant weight loss, diarrhea and hematochezia in rats. Severe ulceration and inflammation of the distal part of rat colon were developed rapidly. Histological examination showed increased infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes and existence of cryptic abscesses and dysplasia. The model induced by dextran sulfate sodium at lower concentra-tion followed by 30% ethanol is characterized by a clinical course, localization of the lesions and histopathological features similar to human ulcerative colitis and fulfills the criteria set out at the beginning of this study.
文摘Objective: To observe the series of pathological changes during the development of gastric adenocarcinoma in ulcerative rats induced by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and the expression profile of related oncogenic protein.Methods: MNNG was administered in rats with ulcers due to acetic acid treatment to induce gastric cancer, and the protein expressions of ras and c-erbB2 genes in the ulcer were examined immunohistochemically along with pathological examination.Results: The incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma in the model group reaches 40% (6/15), while none of the rats developed cancer in the control group with ulcers.Positive expressions of the proteins of p21ras and c-erbB2 were observed in the tissues undergoing canceration in the 6 rats of model group, but were not observed in the 5 control rats; p53 protein expression, however, failed to be detected in both groups.Conclusion: A new animal model of gastric cancer has been established in rats with gastric ulcer after MNNG treatment, which may facilitate the pharmacological research of gastric cancer.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation for Universities in Anhui Province (KJ2010A087 and KJ2008A152)
文摘Objective： To study the effect of the extract of Prunella vulgaris L. on multiple drugs resistant bacillus tuberculosis （MDR-TB）. Methods： Experimental animal model in rats was induced by MDR-TB. Normal group model group and Prunella vulgaris L. group were set up. The contents of IFN-7, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 were examined by ELISA. Their genome mRNAs were extracted, the target genes were amplified by PCR. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of them. Results： The content of IFN-q, of the extract of Prunella vulgaris L. group was 1.98±0.67 pg/ml, IL-4 was 6.47±1.46 pg/ml, IL-10 was 12.13±3.43 pg/ml and IL-12 was 3.02±0.86 pg/ml. Compared with the model group, Prunella vulgaris L. group was notable difference in serum IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-10 （P〈0.05）. The mRNA levels of IFN-γ, IL-12 increased and IL-10 decreased obviously, the differences were quite significant （P〈0.05）, but IL-4 had no obvious change. Conclusion： The extract of Prunella vulgaris L. can enhance the cellar immunological function in rats from up-regulation of the level of genetic transcription, accordingly provide the theory basis of healing of tuberculosis with it.
文摘Objective: To investigate the urinary soy isoflavone metabolites from women, female piglets and rats fed with diet containing soy protein. Methods: Urinary samples from human and animals were collected after soy diet consumption. Identification for soy isoflavone metabolites in urine samples was processed using an Agilent Bruker LC Esquire ion trap system. Quantification of aglycone and conjugated soy isoflavone metabolites were also analyzed using a method published previously. Results: Identification studies showed that aglycones and conjugates of soy isoflavone metabolites were found in women and porcine samples. Interestingly, glucuronide conjugate of equol, besides glucuronide conjugates of genistein and daidzein, were found in rat urine. Glucuronide conjugate of equol was the major metabolite found in rat urine. A quantitative study showed that conjugated forms of isoflavones were more than 90% in woman urine, were between 80.5% and 84.5% in female porcine urine, and were less than 50% in female rat urine. Conclusion: Equol is the major metabolite found in female rat urine, but it is not found in woman or female porcine urine. Urinary profiles show that porcine model is more appropriate for mimicking human soy diet consuming studies.
文摘In view of the extensive bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis, we used a commonly utilized animal model to detect behavioral changes in pain-related and the bone damage during the early disease, and to explore the correlation between bone damage and pain-related behavioral changes. Methods： Arthritis were induced in Sprague-Dawley （SD） male rats by injecting complete Freund＇s adjuvant （CFA） into the tails. Pain-related behavior changes were studied using the Hargreaves, VonFrey, and acetone tests on the 0, 7, 14, day and 28 day after CFA injection. The rats were sacrificed according the same schedule. The bone damage of the right proximal tibia was studied by microCT scan and bone histological slices. Results： Animals developed soft tissue inflammation and polyarthritis on 7 days after CFA injection, and arthritic score proved obvious arthritis were established within the study period. Mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia were present in the affected hind paw from the 7 day through the 28 day, but the heat hyperalgesia and the mechanical allodynia lasted a short time after CFA injection. Trabecular bone number （Tb.N）, Tissue Mineral Content （TMC） and Bone Volume to Tissue Volume （BV/TV） in the proximal tibia by microCT scan were also reduced after induction, especial 14 days after CFA injection. The bone histologicalslices showed the trabecular bone and proteoglycan diminished, the bone damage severity scores became more severely on the 7 day after CFA injection. Using analysis of covariance, these changes had statistical significance compared with baseline. By linear regression analysis demonstrated mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia correlated well with arthritic score, bone damage parameters and bone damage severity scores. Conclusion： Adjuvant-induced arthritis （AA） were observed after CFA injection and lasted within the later experimental period. Pain-related behavioral changes were observed in the early time of AA. Bone damage was also occurred with arthritis development. Pain-related behavioral change correlated well with arthritic score and bone damage parameters
基金Applied Foundation Project of Yunnan (2000D0091M) Key Scientific Research Program for the 10th-five-year economic development plan (2001NG43)
文摘Helicity was applied to analyze several high-wind and rainstorm processes, which occurred from May to June, 2001 over Yunnan in early summer. The results of diagnostic analyses show that the rainstorm occurs in the area in which hp is positive at 700 hPa and energy is unstable. The change of helicity can reflect the movement and development of synoptic system and the position and intensity of the rainstorm. The value of hp is a negative center at the upper level and a positive at the lower level over the rainstorm position; moreover it can reflect the characteristics of vertical distribution and rotational motion.
文摘This paper makes an analysis of the phenotype tendencies of dam populations White Large （WL） and Landrace （L） over the years 2000-2009 after the introduction of Multivariate Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and animal model into the genetic evaluation of pigs in the Slovak Republic. The analysis of slaughter parameters over the years 2000-2009 showed a decreasing tendency concerning the fat thickness in WL from 18.30 （2000） to 12.40 mm （2009）, which represents the reduction by 5.9 mm; in L from 16.40 mm （2000） to 12.10 mm （2009）, which means the reduction by 4.30 mm. There was also observed a positive tendency in the percentage of carcass lean meat in a slaughter body. The overall population average for the years 2000-2009 was as follows： WL 54.36% and L 54.61%. The highest values of meatiness in 2000-2009 were achieved in WL ＋ 1.59% and L ＋ 2.92%. Apart from the daily gains in all parameters, there were also found both highly significant statistical differences and interactions between a period and a breed.
