随着大型风电基地建设,上游风机在运行时会使下游风场风速下降,湍流度增大,造成下游风机发电功率降低,加剧风机的疲劳破坏并缩短其服役周期。因此,亟需开展风机尾流研究,明确其特性及演化规律。为了揭示不同入流及偏航角下的单风机尾流...随着大型风电基地建设,上游风机在运行时会使下游风场风速下降,湍流度增大,造成下游风机发电功率降低,加剧风机的疲劳破坏并缩短其服役周期。因此,亟需开展风机尾流研究,明确其特性及演化规律。为了揭示不同入流及偏航角下的单风机尾流特性,基于单风机尾流风洞试验,验证基于大涡模拟(Large Eddy Simulation,LES)结合致动线模型(Actuator Line Model,ALM)数值模拟方法的准确性;基于LES-ALM模拟方法研究入流风场(包括风速及湍流度)及偏航角对风机尾流特性的影响,阐明正负偏航角下单风机尾流的对称性。结果表明:随着背景湍流度的增大,风机尾流恢复速度加快;当入流条件相同时,风机设置正负对称偏航角,其尾流风速也表现出一定的对称性;风机偏航角越大,风机尾流膨胀宽度会逐渐减小,并降低尾流风速的亏损程度。展开更多
为了解决明渠水流交汇口河道冲刷、泥沙沉淤、污染物滞留等问题,必须探明其水力特性的分布规律.采用气液两相流混合模型,对不同汇流比下90°明渠交汇口三维水力特性进行数值模拟研究.分别选取大涡模拟模型(LES)和RNGk-ε模型封闭两...为了解决明渠水流交汇口河道冲刷、泥沙沉淤、污染物滞留等问题,必须探明其水力特性的分布规律.采用气液两相流混合模型,对不同汇流比下90°明渠交汇口三维水力特性进行数值模拟研究.分别选取大涡模拟模型(LES)和RNGk-ε模型封闭两相流时均方程,速度与压力耦合方程组求解时使用半隐式SIMPLE(Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations)算法,模拟自由水面采用VOF(Volume of Fluid)法.将汇流比为0.25时两种模型计算的纵向截面水面线与实验结果相比较,得出大涡模型结合VOF法能更好地捕捉交汇口水面的波动情况;将大涡模型计算的不同垂直线上的速度分布与实验结果相比较,两者吻合良好.通过比较两种模型计算的特征横断面上的流线图,得出大涡模型能更好地捕获水流瞬时流动特性,动态再现二次流动结构,且大涡模型能够更好地模拟交汇口附近水力特性分布规律.展开更多
The turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by large eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent gas flows passing a single particle. The predicted time-averaged and root-mean-square fluctuation velocities ...The turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by large eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent gas flows passing a single particle. The predicted time-averaged and root-mean-square fluctuation velocities behind the particle are in agreement with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling results and experimental results. A semi-empirical turbulence enhancement model is proposed by the present-authors based on the LES resuits. This model is incorporated into the second-order moment two-phase turbulence model for simulating vertical gas-particle pipe flows and horizontal gas-particle channel flows. The simulation results show that compared with the model not accounting for the particle wake effect, the present model gives simulation results for the gas turbulence modulation in much better agreement with the experimental results.展开更多
This paper describes the design of a new kind of miniature abrading sphere, which is magnetically mounted inside a spherical gap and set in rotation pneumatically with air. Large eddy simulation is performed in conjun...This paper describes the design of a new kind of miniature abrading sphere, which is magnetically mounted inside a spherical gap and set in rotation pneumatically with air. Large eddy simulation is performed in conjunction with the compressible Smagorinsky model. Minimal temperature variation allows for the assumption of adiabatic walls. Fluid-solid interaction is modeled using the law of the wall for compressible turbulent flow. A parametric study is done to determine optimal geometric layout while taking physical restrictions into account. The resulting optimal configuration is then examined in detail in order to determine demands to be met by the computerized control of the magnetic bearing as well as to quantify the force available to the abrasion process. Finally, a mathematical relation is given that determines available abrasion force depending on standard volumetric flow rate and rotation frequency. The findings presented here provide a basis for further development of smaller versions of the tool.展开更多
Fire-driven flow analysis in the underground subway station has been performed with various main tunnel ventilations. Shin-gum-ho station （depth： 46 m） in Seoul is selected as a simulation model. The ventilation mo...Fire-driven flow analysis in the underground subway station has been performed with various main tunnel ventilations. Shin-gum-ho station （depth： 46 m） in Seoul is selected as a simulation model. The ventilation mode is assumed to be emergency state. Various main tunnel ventilations are applied to operate in a proper way for helping of smoke exhaustion in platform. The entire station is covered for simulation. Ventilation diffusers are modeled as 95 square shapes of 0.6 m × 0.6 m in the lobby and as 222 square shapes of 0.6 m × 0.6 m and four rectangular shapes of 1.2 m × 0.8 m in the platform. The total of 7.5 million grids is generated and whole domain is divided to 22 blocks for MPI （massage passing interface） efficiency of calculation. LES （large eddy simulation） is applied to solve the momentum equation. Smagorinsky model （Cs = 0.2） is used as SGS （subgrid scale） model. The distribution of CO （carbon monoxide） is calculated for various capacity of main tunnel ventilation and compared with each other.展开更多
In aerodynamics, the laminar or turbulent regime of a boundary layer has a strong influence on friction or heat transfer. In practical applications, it is sometimes necessary to trip the transition to turbulent, and a...In aerodynamics, the laminar or turbulent regime of a boundary layer has a strong influence on friction or heat transfer. In practical applications, it is sometimes necessary to trip the transition to turbulent, and a common way is by use of a roughness element （e.g. a step） on the wall. The present paper is concerned with the numerical im- plementation of such a trip in large-eddy simulations. The study is carried out on a flat-plate boundary layer con- figuration, with Reynolds number Rex=l.3x 106. First, this work brings the opportunity to introduce a practical methodology to assess convergence in large-eddy simulations. Second, concerning the trip implementation, a volume source term is proposed and is shown to yield a smoother and faster transition than a grid step. Moreover, it is easier to implement and more adaptable. Finally, two subgrid-scale models are tested： the WALE model of Nic0ud and Ducros （Flow Turbul. Combust., vol. 62, 1999） and the shear-improved Smagorinsky model of Ldv^que et al. （J. Fluid Mech., vol. 570, 2007）. Both models allow transition, but the former appears to yield a faster transition and a better prediction of friction in the turbulent regime.展开更多
文摘随着大型风电基地建设,上游风机在运行时会使下游风场风速下降,湍流度增大,造成下游风机发电功率降低,加剧风机的疲劳破坏并缩短其服役周期。因此,亟需开展风机尾流研究,明确其特性及演化规律。为了揭示不同入流及偏航角下的单风机尾流特性,基于单风机尾流风洞试验,验证基于大涡模拟(Large Eddy Simulation,LES)结合致动线模型(Actuator Line Model,ALM)数值模拟方法的准确性;基于LES-ALM模拟方法研究入流风场(包括风速及湍流度)及偏航角对风机尾流特性的影响,阐明正负偏航角下单风机尾流的对称性。结果表明:随着背景湍流度的增大,风机尾流恢复速度加快;当入流条件相同时,风机设置正负对称偏航角,其尾流风速也表现出一定的对称性;风机偏航角越大,风机尾流膨胀宽度会逐渐减小,并降低尾流风速的亏损程度。
文摘为了解决明渠水流交汇口河道冲刷、泥沙沉淤、污染物滞留等问题,必须探明其水力特性的分布规律.采用气液两相流混合模型,对不同汇流比下90°明渠交汇口三维水力特性进行数值模拟研究.分别选取大涡模拟模型(LES)和RNGk-ε模型封闭两相流时均方程,速度与压力耦合方程组求解时使用半隐式SIMPLE(Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations)算法,模拟自由水面采用VOF(Volume of Fluid)法.将汇流比为0.25时两种模型计算的纵向截面水面线与实验结果相比较,得出大涡模型结合VOF法能更好地捕捉交汇口水面的波动情况;将大涡模型计算的不同垂直线上的速度分布与实验结果相比较,两者吻合良好.通过比较两种模型计算的特征横断面上的流线图,得出大涡模型能更好地捕获水流瞬时流动特性,动态再现二次流动结构,且大涡模型能够更好地模拟交汇口附近水力特性分布规律.
基金Supported by the Major Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10632070) the Postdoctoral ScienceFoundation (No.2004036239).
文摘The turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by large eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent gas flows passing a single particle. The predicted time-averaged and root-mean-square fluctuation velocities behind the particle are in agreement with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling results and experimental results. A semi-empirical turbulence enhancement model is proposed by the present-authors based on the LES resuits. This model is incorporated into the second-order moment two-phase turbulence model for simulating vertical gas-particle pipe flows and horizontal gas-particle channel flows. The simulation results show that compared with the model not accounting for the particle wake effect, the present model gives simulation results for the gas turbulence modulation in much better agreement with the experimental results.
文摘This paper describes the design of a new kind of miniature abrading sphere, which is magnetically mounted inside a spherical gap and set in rotation pneumatically with air. Large eddy simulation is performed in conjunction with the compressible Smagorinsky model. Minimal temperature variation allows for the assumption of adiabatic walls. Fluid-solid interaction is modeled using the law of the wall for compressible turbulent flow. A parametric study is done to determine optimal geometric layout while taking physical restrictions into account. The resulting optimal configuration is then examined in detail in order to determine demands to be met by the computerized control of the magnetic bearing as well as to quantify the force available to the abrasion process. Finally, a mathematical relation is given that determines available abrasion force depending on standard volumetric flow rate and rotation frequency. The findings presented here provide a basis for further development of smaller versions of the tool.
文摘Fire-driven flow analysis in the underground subway station has been performed with various main tunnel ventilations. Shin-gum-ho station （depth： 46 m） in Seoul is selected as a simulation model. The ventilation mode is assumed to be emergency state. Various main tunnel ventilations are applied to operate in a proper way for helping of smoke exhaustion in platform. The entire station is covered for simulation. Ventilation diffusers are modeled as 95 square shapes of 0.6 m × 0.6 m in the lobby and as 222 square shapes of 0.6 m × 0.6 m and four rectangular shapes of 1.2 m × 0.8 m in the platform. The total of 7.5 million grids is generated and whole domain is divided to 22 blocks for MPI （massage passing interface） efficiency of calculation. LES （large eddy simulation） is applied to solve the momentum equation. Smagorinsky model （Cs = 0.2） is used as SGS （subgrid scale） model. The distribution of CO （carbon monoxide） is calculated for various capacity of main tunnel ventilation and compared with each other.
文摘In aerodynamics, the laminar or turbulent regime of a boundary layer has a strong influence on friction or heat transfer. In practical applications, it is sometimes necessary to trip the transition to turbulent, and a common way is by use of a roughness element （e.g. a step） on the wall. The present paper is concerned with the numerical im- plementation of such a trip in large-eddy simulations. The study is carried out on a flat-plate boundary layer con- figuration, with Reynolds number Rex=l.3x 106. First, this work brings the opportunity to introduce a practical methodology to assess convergence in large-eddy simulations. Second, concerning the trip implementation, a volume source term is proposed and is shown to yield a smoother and faster transition than a grid step. Moreover, it is easier to implement and more adaptable. Finally, two subgrid-scale models are tested： the WALE model of Nic0ud and Ducros （Flow Turbul. Combust., vol. 62, 1999） and the shear-improved Smagorinsky model of Ldv^que et al. （J. Fluid Mech., vol. 570, 2007）. Both models allow transition, but the former appears to yield a faster transition and a better prediction of friction in the turbulent regime.
