Experimental evidences of occurrence of gaseous diatomic sulfur produced in the low temperature catalytic decomposition of hydrogen sulfide 2 H2S ←→ 2 H2 ＋ S2 （g） are summarized. The S2 molecule is suggested to b...Experimental evidences of occurrence of gaseous diatomic sulfur produced in the low temperature catalytic decomposition of hydrogen sulfide 2 H2S ←→ 2 H2 ＋ S2 （g） are summarized. The S2 molecule is suggested to be in the ground triplet state. Analysis of literature data allows concluding that the S2 metastable singlet state is realized in the thermal dissociation of hydrogen sulfide and solid sulfur. Arguments in favor of the hypothesis are been discussed.展开更多
This study aims to identify processes, current situations and issues of recycling systems for four home appliances, namely, air conditioners, television receivers, refrigerators, and washing machines, among e-wastes i...This study aims to identify processes, current situations and issues of recycling systems for four home appliances, namely, air conditioners, television receivers, refrigerators, and washing machines, among e-wastes in China and Japan for understanding and comparison of their characteristics. In accordance with results of a literature search, review of information disclosed online, and questionnaire survey conducted, the findings of this study are summarized in the following two points： （1） The results show that in Japan most of the home appliances mentioned above have been collected through home appliance recycling tickets, resulting in an issue of ＂requiring some effort＂ in treatment and recycling stages, and most plants have contracted out their e-waste recycling; （2） It is found out that advantages of the recycling system in Japan include easiness to monitor concrete data and thorough environmental friendliness ensured while its disadvantages include illegal dumping and export. It becomes apparent that advantages of the recycling system in China include a high reuse rate, low treatment cost, and fewer illegal dumping while its disadvantages include less safe reused products, environmental pollution caused by e-waste treatment, illegal import and difficulty in obtaining data.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of hepatitis E virus （HEV） in the illegal blood donors （IBDs） of central China in the early 1990s.
The flash points of organic compounds were estimated using a hybrid method that includes a simple group contribution method (GCM) implemented in an artificial neural network (ANN) with particle swarm optimization (PSO...The flash points of organic compounds were estimated using a hybrid method that includes a simple group contribution method (GCM) implemented in an artificial neural network (ANN) with particle swarm optimization (PSO). Different topologies of a multilayer neural network were studied and the optimum architecture was determined. Property data of 350 compounds were used for training the network. To discriminate different substances the molecular structures defined by the concept of the classical group contribution method were given as input variables. The capabilities of the network were tested with 155 substances not considered in the training step. The study shows that the proposed GCM+ANN+PSO method represent an excellent alternative for the estimation of flash points of organic compounds with acceptable accuracy (AARD = 1.8%; AAE = 6.2 K).展开更多
By applying the aggregation operator γ-operator and introducing a new method for global data contribution, the problems of information loss and the decrease of running efficiency in FuzzyJ Toolkit, an expert system s...By applying the aggregation operator γ-operator and introducing a new method for global data contribution, the problems of information loss and the decrease of running efficiency in FuzzyJ Toolkit, an expert system shell, can be effectively solved. The example shows that the approach can overcome imprecision of max-operator and min-operator used during the process of fuzzy reasoning. Therefore, the information accuracy and the system performance can be effectively improved, which promotes the usability of FuzzyJ Toolkit.展开更多
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is a non-epithelial neoplasm arising from the wall of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.It is most frequently found in the stomach(60%-70%),followed by the small intestine(20%-30%),the ...Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is a non-epithelial neoplasm arising from the wall of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.It is most frequently found in the stomach(60%-70%),followed by the small intestine(20%-30%),the colorectum(10%),and the esophagus(<5%).Some GISTs occur in the omentum,mesentery and retroperitoneum.GIST arising in the retroperitoneum is extremely rare,and its radiological findings have not been well described.However GISTs account for 2%-3% of all gastric tumors.GISTs are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.GIST referred to in the older medical literature as leiomyomas,leiomyoblastomas,and leiomyosarcomas because they were believed to originate from the smooth muscle layers of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.Recently,however,immunoreactivity for KIT(CD117,a tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor)has differentiated gastrointestinal stromal tumors from true leiomyomas,leiomyosarcomas,neurofibromas,and schwannomas.In this review,we summarize the imaging findings of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and to determine whether some imaging features are useful for predicting malignancy in these tumors.展开更多
Static dielectric constant is a key parameter to estimate the electro-viscous effect which plays important roles in the flow and convective heat transfer of fluids with ions in microfluidic devices such as micro react...Static dielectric constant is a key parameter to estimate the electro-viscous effect which plays important roles in the flow and convective heat transfer of fluids with ions in microfluidic devices such as micro reactors and heat exchangers.A group contribution method based on 27 groups is developed for the correlation of static dielectric constant of ionic liquids in this paper.The ionic liquids considered include imidazolium,pyridinium,pyrrolidinium,alkylammonium,alkylsulfonium,morpholinium and piperidinium cations and various anions.The data collected cover the temperature ranges of 278.15-343.15 K and static dielectric constant ranges of 9.4-85.6.The results of the method show a satisfactory agreement with the literature data with an average absolute relative deviation of 7.41%,which is generally of the same order of the experimental data accuracy.The method proposed in this paper provides a simple but reliable approach for the prediction of static dielectric constant of ionic liquids at different temperatures.展开更多
文摘Experimental evidences of occurrence of gaseous diatomic sulfur produced in the low temperature catalytic decomposition of hydrogen sulfide 2 H2S ←→ 2 H2 ＋ S2 （g） are summarized. The S2 molecule is suggested to be in the ground triplet state. Analysis of literature data allows concluding that the S2 metastable singlet state is realized in the thermal dissociation of hydrogen sulfide and solid sulfur. Arguments in favor of the hypothesis are been discussed.
文摘This study aims to identify processes, current situations and issues of recycling systems for four home appliances, namely, air conditioners, television receivers, refrigerators, and washing machines, among e-wastes in China and Japan for understanding and comparison of their characteristics. In accordance with results of a literature search, review of information disclosed online, and questionnaire survey conducted, the findings of this study are summarized in the following two points： （1） The results show that in Japan most of the home appliances mentioned above have been collected through home appliance recycling tickets, resulting in an issue of ＂requiring some effort＂ in treatment and recycling stages, and most plants have contracted out their e-waste recycling; （2） It is found out that advantages of the recycling system in Japan include easiness to monitor concrete data and thorough environmental friendliness ensured while its disadvantages include illegal dumping and export. It becomes apparent that advantages of the recycling system in China include a high reuse rate, low treatment cost, and fewer illegal dumping while its disadvantages include less safe reused products, environmental pollution caused by e-waste treatment, illegal import and difficulty in obtaining data.
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of Maanshan,China (2008-40) (To Zhan SW and Zheng JX)
文摘AIM： To investigate the seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of hepatitis E virus （HEV） in the illegal blood donors （IBDs） of central China in the early 1990s.
文摘The flash points of organic compounds were estimated using a hybrid method that includes a simple group contribution method (GCM) implemented in an artificial neural network (ANN) with particle swarm optimization (PSO). Different topologies of a multilayer neural network were studied and the optimum architecture was determined. Property data of 350 compounds were used for training the network. To discriminate different substances the molecular structures defined by the concept of the classical group contribution method were given as input variables. The capabilities of the network were tested with 155 substances not considered in the training step. The study shows that the proposed GCM+ANN+PSO method represent an excellent alternative for the estimation of flash points of organic compounds with acceptable accuracy (AARD = 1.8%; AAE = 6.2 K).
文摘By applying the aggregation operator γ-operator and introducing a new method for global data contribution, the problems of information loss and the decrease of running efficiency in FuzzyJ Toolkit, an expert system shell, can be effectively solved. The example shows that the approach can overcome imprecision of max-operator and min-operator used during the process of fuzzy reasoning. Therefore, the information accuracy and the system performance can be effectively improved, which promotes the usability of FuzzyJ Toolkit.
文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is a non-epithelial neoplasm arising from the wall of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.It is most frequently found in the stomach(60%-70%),followed by the small intestine(20%-30%),the colorectum(10%),and the esophagus(<5%).Some GISTs occur in the omentum,mesentery and retroperitoneum.GIST arising in the retroperitoneum is extremely rare,and its radiological findings have not been well described.However GISTs account for 2%-3% of all gastric tumors.GISTs are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.GIST referred to in the older medical literature as leiomyomas,leiomyoblastomas,and leiomyosarcomas because they were believed to originate from the smooth muscle layers of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.Recently,however,immunoreactivity for KIT(CD117,a tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor)has differentiated gastrointestinal stromal tumors from true leiomyomas,leiomyosarcomas,neurofibromas,and schwannomas.In this review,we summarize the imaging findings of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and to determine whether some imaging features are useful for predicting malignancy in these tumors.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21176206)the Project of Zhejiang Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team(2010R50017)
文摘Static dielectric constant is a key parameter to estimate the electro-viscous effect which plays important roles in the flow and convective heat transfer of fluids with ions in microfluidic devices such as micro reactors and heat exchangers.A group contribution method based on 27 groups is developed for the correlation of static dielectric constant of ionic liquids in this paper.The ionic liquids considered include imidazolium,pyridinium,pyrrolidinium,alkylammonium,alkylsulfonium,morpholinium and piperidinium cations and various anions.The data collected cover the temperature ranges of 278.15-343.15 K and static dielectric constant ranges of 9.4-85.6.The results of the method show a satisfactory agreement with the literature data with an average absolute relative deviation of 7.41%,which is generally of the same order of the experimental data accuracy.The method proposed in this paper provides a simple but reliable approach for the prediction of static dielectric constant of ionic liquids at different temperatures.
