在1995年5月1日至12日召开的第48届世界卫生大会期间,通过了一项称作医学教育和医疗实践为人人享有卫生保健而重定方向的决议(WHA48.8决议),该决议广泛地涉及卫生保健、医疗实践和医学教育等方面。这一决议是由WHO执行委员会提出,在会...在1995年5月1日至12日召开的第48届世界卫生大会期间,通过了一项称作医学教育和医疗实践为人人享有卫生保健而重定方向的决议(WHA48.8决议),该决议广泛地涉及卫生保健、医疗实践和医学教育等方面。这一决议是由WHO执行委员会提出,在会议讨论期间得到了压倒多数的支持和与会者一致通过。 世界卫生大会是由190个成员国的代表和各国际性组织与非政府组织的代表参加的年度会议。它同作为WHO组成机构之一的执行委员会和秘书处一起,其主要任务是批准持续两年的工作计划和预算,制定重要的政策问题。WHA48.8号决议文本以英文、阿拉伯文、中文、法文、俄文和西班牙文发表。这里,我们将发表在WHO.Changing Medical Education and Medical Practice 1995.No.7上的该决议英文本译成中文,供我国医学教育工作者参考。展开更多
The microstructures and crystal growth directions of permanent mould casting（PMC） and directionally solidified（DS） Al-Cu alloys with different contents of Cu were investigated. Simultaneously, the effects of pouri...The microstructures and crystal growth directions of permanent mould casting（PMC） and directionally solidified（DS） Al-Cu alloys with different contents of Cu were investigated. Simultaneously, the effects of pouring temperature on the microstructure and crystal growth direction of permanent mould casting pure Al were also discussed. The results indicate that the α（Al） crystals in the pure Al do not always keep common columnar grains, but change from the columnar grains to columnar dendrites with developed arms as the pouring temperature rises. The growth direction also varies with the change of pouring temperature. Cu element has similar effects on the microstructures of the PMC and DS casting Al-Cu alloys and the α（Al） crystals gradually change from columnar crystals in turn to columnar dendrites and developed equiaxed dendrites as the Cu content increases. The crystal growth direction in the PMC alloys gradually approaches （110） orientation with increasing Cu content. But the resulting crystals with growth direction of （110） do not belong to feathery grains. There are also no feathery grains to form in all of the DS Al-Cu alloys.展开更多
文摘在1995年5月1日至12日召开的第48届世界卫生大会期间,通过了一项称作医学教育和医疗实践为人人享有卫生保健而重定方向的决议(WHA48.8决议),该决议广泛地涉及卫生保健、医疗实践和医学教育等方面。这一决议是由WHO执行委员会提出,在会议讨论期间得到了压倒多数的支持和与会者一致通过。 世界卫生大会是由190个成员国的代表和各国际性组织与非政府组织的代表参加的年度会议。它同作为WHO组成机构之一的执行委员会和秘书处一起,其主要任务是批准持续两年的工作计划和预算,制定重要的政策问题。WHA48.8号决议文本以英文、阿拉伯文、中文、法文、俄文和西班牙文发表。这里,我们将发表在WHO.Changing Medical Education and Medical Practice 1995.No.7上的该决议英文本译成中文,供我国医学教育工作者参考。
基金Project(51061010)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(NCET-10-0023)supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of ChinaProject(J201103)supported by the Program for Hongliu Outstanding Talents of Lanzhou University of Technology,China
文摘The microstructures and crystal growth directions of permanent mould casting（PMC） and directionally solidified（DS） Al-Cu alloys with different contents of Cu were investigated. Simultaneously, the effects of pouring temperature on the microstructure and crystal growth direction of permanent mould casting pure Al were also discussed. The results indicate that the α（Al） crystals in the pure Al do not always keep common columnar grains, but change from the columnar grains to columnar dendrites with developed arms as the pouring temperature rises. The growth direction also varies with the change of pouring temperature. Cu element has similar effects on the microstructures of the PMC and DS casting Al-Cu alloys and the α（Al） crystals gradually change from columnar crystals in turn to columnar dendrites and developed equiaxed dendrites as the Cu content increases. The crystal growth direction in the PMC alloys gradually approaches （110） orientation with increasing Cu content. But the resulting crystals with growth direction of （110） do not belong to feathery grains. There are also no feathery grains to form in all of the DS Al-Cu alloys.
