针对边缘计算环境下人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)模型训练效率低下的问题,提出了基于边缘云计算的混合并行训练框架(Edge-Cloud based Hybrid Parallel Training Framework,ECHPT).ECHPT能在终端设备、边缘服务器和云计算中心...针对边缘计算环境下人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)模型训练效率低下的问题,提出了基于边缘云计算的混合并行训练框架(Edge-Cloud based Hybrid Parallel Training Framework,ECHPT).ECHPT能在终端设备、边缘服务器和云计算中心之间实现AI模型和数据样本的自适应调度.ECHPT将模型计算和数据任务调度问题建模为训练时间最小化的优化问题,设计了调度算法对优化问题进行求解.实现了由设备、边缘服务器和云服务器组成的硬件原型.实验结果表明,与现有框架相比,ECHPT可以有效缩短AI模型的训练时间.展开更多
To assess first-year gastroenterology fellows’ ability to address difficult interpersonal situations in the workplace using objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE).METHODSTwo OSCEs (“distracted care team”...To assess first-year gastroenterology fellows’ ability to address difficult interpersonal situations in the workplace using objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE).METHODSTwo OSCEs (“distracted care team” and “frazzled intern”) were created to assess response to disruptive behavior. In case 1, a fellow used a colonoscopy simulator while interacting with a standardized patient (SP), nurse, and attending physician all played by actors. The nurse and attending were instructed to display specific disruptive behavior and disregard the fellow unless requested to stop the disruptive behavior and focus on the patient and procedure. In case 2, the fellow was to calm an intern managing a patient with massive gastrointestinal bleeding. The objective in both scenarios was to assess the fellows’ ability to perform their duties while managing the disruptive behavior displayed by the actor. The SPs used checklists to rate fellows’ performances. The fellows completed a self-assessment survey.RESULTSTwelve fellows from four gastrointestinal fellowship training programs participated in the OSCE. In the “distracted care team” case, one-third of the fellows interrupted the conflict and refocused attention to the patient. Half of the fellows were able to display professionalism despite the heated discussion nearby. Fellows scored lowest in the interprofessionalism portion of post-OSCE surveys, measuring their ability to handle the conflict. In the “frazzled intern” case, 68% of fellows were able to establish a calm and professional relationship with the SP. Despite this success, only half of the fellows were successfully communicate a plan to the SP and only a third scored “well done” in a domain that focused on allowing the intern to think through the case with the fellow’s guidance.CONCLUSIONFellows must receive training on how to approach disruptive behavior. OSCEs are a tool that can assess fellow skills and set a culture for open discussion.展开更多
文摘针对边缘计算环境下人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)模型训练效率低下的问题,提出了基于边缘云计算的混合并行训练框架(Edge-Cloud based Hybrid Parallel Training Framework,ECHPT).ECHPT能在终端设备、边缘服务器和云计算中心之间实现AI模型和数据样本的自适应调度.ECHPT将模型计算和数据任务调度问题建模为训练时间最小化的优化问题,设计了调度算法对优化问题进行求解.实现了由设备、边缘服务器和云服务器组成的硬件原型.实验结果表明,与现有框架相比,ECHPT可以有效缩短AI模型的训练时间.
文摘To assess first-year gastroenterology fellows’ ability to address difficult interpersonal situations in the workplace using objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE).METHODSTwo OSCEs (“distracted care team” and “frazzled intern”) were created to assess response to disruptive behavior. In case 1, a fellow used a colonoscopy simulator while interacting with a standardized patient (SP), nurse, and attending physician all played by actors. The nurse and attending were instructed to display specific disruptive behavior and disregard the fellow unless requested to stop the disruptive behavior and focus on the patient and procedure. In case 2, the fellow was to calm an intern managing a patient with massive gastrointestinal bleeding. The objective in both scenarios was to assess the fellows’ ability to perform their duties while managing the disruptive behavior displayed by the actor. The SPs used checklists to rate fellows’ performances. The fellows completed a self-assessment survey.RESULTSTwelve fellows from four gastrointestinal fellowship training programs participated in the OSCE. In the “distracted care team” case, one-third of the fellows interrupted the conflict and refocused attention to the patient. Half of the fellows were able to display professionalism despite the heated discussion nearby. Fellows scored lowest in the interprofessionalism portion of post-OSCE surveys, measuring their ability to handle the conflict. In the “frazzled intern” case, 68% of fellows were able to establish a calm and professional relationship with the SP. Despite this success, only half of the fellows were successfully communicate a plan to the SP and only a third scored “well done” in a domain that focused on allowing the intern to think through the case with the fellow’s guidance.CONCLUSIONFellows must receive training on how to approach disruptive behavior. OSCEs are a tool that can assess fellow skills and set a culture for open discussion.
