As the rapid development of aviation industry and newly emerging crowd-sourcing projects such as Flightradar24 and FlightAware,large amount of air traffic data,particularly four-dimension(4D)trajectory data,have becom...As the rapid development of aviation industry and newly emerging crowd-sourcing projects such as Flightradar24 and FlightAware,large amount of air traffic data,particularly four-dimension(4D)trajectory data,have become available for the public.In order to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of results,data cleansing is the first step in analyzing 4D trajectory data,including error identification and mitigation.Data cleansing techniques for the 4D trajectory data are investigated.Back propagation(BP)neural network algorithm is applied to repair errors.Newton interpolation method is used to obtain even-spaced trajectory samples over a uniform distribution of each flight’s 4D trajectory data.Furthermore,a new method is proposed to compress data while maintaining the intrinsic characteristics of the trajectories.Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)is applied to identify remaining outliers of sample points.Experiments are performed on a data set of one-day 4D trajectory data over Europe.The results show that the proposed method can achieve more efficient and effective results than the existing approaches.The work contributes to the first step of data preprocessing and lays foundation for further downstream 4D trajectory analysis.展开更多
The estimation of gear selectivity is a critical issue in fishery stock assessment and management.Several methods have been developed for estimating gillnet selectivity,but they all have their limitations,such as inap...The estimation of gear selectivity is a critical issue in fishery stock assessment and management.Several methods have been developed for estimating gillnet selectivity,but they all have their limitations,such as inappropriate objective function in data fitting,lack of unique estimates due to the difficulty in finding global minima in minimization,biased estimates due to outliers,and estimations of selectivity being influenced by the predetermined selectivity functions.In this study,we develop a new algorithm that can overcome the above-mentioned problems in estimating the gillnet selectivity.The proposed algorithms include minimizing the sum of squared vertical distances between two adjacent points and minimizing the weighted sum of squared vertical distances between two adjacent points in the presence of outliers.According to the estimated gillnet selectivity curve,the selectivity function can also be determined.This study suggests that the proposed algorithm is not sensitive to outliers in selectivity data and improves on the previous methods in estimating gillnet selectivity and relative population density of fish when a gillnet is used as a sampling tool.We suggest the proposed approach be used in estimating gillnet selectivity.展开更多
In this paper, we discussed the features of atmospheric circulations over Eurasia as a response to sea surface temperature anomalies （SSTAs） over the tropical Indian Ocean, the equatorial Pacific, Kuroshio and the N...In this paper, we discussed the features of atmospheric circulations over Eurasia as a response to sea surface temperature anomalies （SSTAs） over the tropical Indian Ocean, the equatorial Pacific, Kuroshio and the North Atlantic. Our results are shown as follows： （1） CAM3.0, driven by the combined SSTAs over the four oceanic regions, can simulate well the features of anomalous atmospheric circulations over Eurasia in January 2008, indicating that the effects of the SSTAs over these four regions were one of the key causes of the anomalous systems over Eurasia. （2） The SSTAs over each key region contributed to the intensification of blocking over the Urals Mountains and a main East Asian trough. However, the influence of the SSTAs over individual oceanic regions differed from one another in other aspects. The SSTAs over the North Atlantic had an impact on the 500-hPa anomalous height （Z500A） over the middle-high latitudes and had a somewhat smaller effect over the low latitudes. For the warm SSTAs over Kuroshio, the subtropical high was much stronger, spread farther north than usual, and had an anomalous easterly that dominated the northwest Pacific Ocean. The warm SSTAs over the tropical Indian Ocean could have caused a negative Z500A from West Asia to Middle Asia, a remarkably anomalous southwesterly from the Indian Ocean to the south of China and an anomalous anticyclone circulation over the South China Sea-Philippine Sea region. Because of the La Nifia event, the winter monsoon was stronger than normal, with an anomalously cooler northerly over the southeastern coastal areas of China. （3） The combined effects of the SSTAs over the four key regions were likely more important to the atmospheric circulation anomalies of January 2008 over Eurasia than the effects of individual or partly combined SSTAS. This unique SSTA distribution possibly led to the circulation anomalies over Eurasia in January 2008, especially the atmospheric circulation anomalies over the subtropics, which were more similar to those of the winter E1 Nifio events than to the circulation anomalies following La Nifia.展开更多
目的分析佛山市顺德区某医疗机构放射工作人员2014年第2季度个人剂量监测数值异常增高的原因。方法收集该医疗机构2014年度放射工作人员的个人剂量监测数据,以出现个人剂量监测数值异常增高的第2季度数据作为调查对象,采用现场职业卫生...目的分析佛山市顺德区某医疗机构放射工作人员2014年第2季度个人剂量监测数值异常增高的原因。方法收集该医疗机构2014年度放射工作人员的个人剂量监测数据,以出现个人剂量监测数值异常增高的第2季度数据作为调查对象,采用现场职业卫生调查法,结合个人剂量计收发和日常管理情况进行分析。结果 2014年第2季度共检测16名放射工作人员的个人剂量计,人均有效剂量为38.51 m Sv,集体有效剂量为616.09人·m Sv,其中6名放射工作人员的有效剂量〉20.00 m Sv,年剂量当量为98.53~109.20 m Sv/a。现场职业卫生调查结果显示,各放射机房工作场所泄漏的辐射水平,以及个人剂量计收发期间存放的工作场所的辐射水平均接近本底值,不可能导致个人剂量监测结果异常。该医疗机构个人剂量计的日常存放存在漏洞,结合本次超标的6个个人剂量检测结果相近,推测本次个人剂量计异常增高的结果可能为人为统一进行照射所致。结论应加强放射防护知识的宣传教育和放射工作人员管理,制定科学合理的管理制度。展开更多
Galileo mission detected the magnetic anomalies originated from Galilean moons.These anomalies are likely generated in the moons' interiors,under the influence of a strong ambient Jovian field.Among various possib...Galileo mission detected the magnetic anomalies originated from Galilean moons.These anomalies are likely generated in the moons' interiors,under the influence of a strong ambient Jovian field.Among various possible generation mechanisms of the anomalies,we focus on magneto-convection and dynamos in the interiors via numerical simulation.To mimic the electromagnetic environment of the moons,we introduce in our numerical model an external uniform magnetic field B0 with a fixed orientation but varying field strength.Our results show that a finite B0 can substantially alter the dynamo processes inside the core.When the ambient field strength B0 increases to approximately 40% of the field generated by the pure dynamo action,the convective state in the core changes significantly:the convective flow decreases by 80% in magnitude,but the differential rotation becomes stronger in much of the fluid layer,leading to a stronger field generated in the core.The field morphologies inside the core tend to align with the ambient field,while the flow patterns show the symmetry-breaking effect under the influence of B0.Furthermore,the generated field tends to be temporally more stable.展开更多
A new approach called the robust structured total least squares(RSTLS) algorithm is described for solving location inaccuracy caused by outliers in the single-observer passive location. It is built within the weighted...A new approach called the robust structured total least squares(RSTLS) algorithm is described for solving location inaccuracy caused by outliers in the single-observer passive location. It is built within the weighted structured total least squares(WSTLS)framework and improved based on the robust estimation theory.Moreover, the improved Danish weight function is proposed according to the robust extremal function of the WSTLS, so that the new algorithm can detect outliers based on residuals and reduce the weights of outliers automatically. Finally, the inverse iteration method is discussed to deal with the RSTLS problem. Simulations show that when outliers appear, the result of the proposed algorithm is still accurate and robust, whereas that of the conventional algorithms is distorted seriously.展开更多
The Baiyun Sag is the deepest sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin in northern continental margin of South China Sea,with the maximum sediment thickness over 12.5 km above the basement including >6.5 km sediments abo...The Baiyun Sag is the deepest sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin in northern continental margin of South China Sea,with the maximum sediment thickness over 12.5 km above the basement including >6.5 km sediments above the 30 Ma breakup unconformity.According to the theoretical models for the rifted basins,the post-rift subsidence is driven solely by the thermal contraction and can be calculated as the function of the lithospheric stretching factor.A method combining the forward modeling and reverse backstripping was designed to estimate lithospheric stretching factor.Using the 2D forward modeling based on the flexural cantilever model,we simulated the multi-rifting process of the Baiyun Sag with constrain of the backstripped profiles.By doing this the lithospheric stretching factor was obtained,and then the theoretical post-rift subsidence was calculated.The calculated theoretical subsidence was much smaller than the observed subsidence given by backstripping.Along the 1530 line in the Baiyun Sag,the anomalous post-rift subsidence is over 2 km in the sag center,and varies slightly to the north and south edges of the sag.This suggests that the anomalous post-rift subsidence continues beyond the sag both in the continental shelf to the north and in the continental slope to the south.The sensitivity tests in the forward modeling process indicate that only the use of low-angle faults (≤13°) can we simulate the shape of the backstripped profile.展开更多
Observations indicate an abnormal characteristic of saltwater intrusion in the upper Modaomen Waterway of the Pearl River Estuary,i.e.,the maximum salinity occurs during the neap tide or the coming moderate tide inste...Observations indicate an abnormal characteristic of saltwater intrusion in the upper Modaomen Waterway of the Pearl River Estuary,i.e.,the maximum salinity occurs during the neap tide or the coming moderate tide instead of during the spring tide.To explore the associated dynamic mechanisms,a high resolution three-dimensional numerical model was set up based on the Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model(FVCOM),which covered the entire river network,the Pearl River Estuary,and the adjacent sea.Numerical experiments illustrated that the upper Modaomen Waterway is significantly influenced by the saltwater intrusion from the Hongwan Waterway,a narrow and shallow channel connecting the Modaomen Waterway to the sea.Specific topography,spring-neap tidal variation,local wind stress,and their interaction drive an up-estuary residual current in the Hongwan Waterway,which is much stronger during the neap tide than during the spring tide.As a result,more saltwater in the Hongwan Waterway is spilled over into the Modaomen Waterway during the neap tide or the coming moderate tide.This is the inherent dynamic mechanism why the saltwater intrusion in the upper Modaomen Waterway reaches its maximum during the neap tide or the coming moderate tide.Besides,we also found that the winter prevailing wind can pronouncedly enhance the saltwater intrusion in the Modaomen Waterway.展开更多
We calculated numerically the localization length of one-dimensional Anderson model with correlated diagonal disorder. For zero energy point in the weak disorder limit, we showed that the localization length changes c...We calculated numerically the localization length of one-dimensional Anderson model with correlated diagonal disorder. For zero energy point in the weak disorder limit, we showed that the localization length changes continuously as the correlation of the disorder increases. We found that higher order terms of the correlation must be included into the current perturbation result in order to give the correct localization length, arid to connect smoothly the anomaly at zero correlation with the perturbation result for large correlation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Nos. 61861136005,61851110763,and 71731001).
文摘As the rapid development of aviation industry and newly emerging crowd-sourcing projects such as Flightradar24 and FlightAware,large amount of air traffic data,particularly four-dimension(4D)trajectory data,have become available for the public.In order to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of results,data cleansing is the first step in analyzing 4D trajectory data,including error identification and mitigation.Data cleansing techniques for the 4D trajectory data are investigated.Back propagation(BP)neural network algorithm is applied to repair errors.Newton interpolation method is used to obtain even-spaced trajectory samples over a uniform distribution of each flight’s 4D trajectory data.Furthermore,a new method is proposed to compress data while maintaining the intrinsic characteristics of the trajectories.Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)is applied to identify remaining outliers of sample points.Experiments are performed on a data set of one-day 4D trajectory data over Europe.The results show that the proposed method can achieve more efficient and effective results than the existing approaches.The work contributes to the first step of data preprocessing and lays foundation for further downstream 4D trajectory analysis.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2006BAD09A05)
文摘The estimation of gear selectivity is a critical issue in fishery stock assessment and management.Several methods have been developed for estimating gillnet selectivity,but they all have their limitations,such as inappropriate objective function in data fitting,lack of unique estimates due to the difficulty in finding global minima in minimization,biased estimates due to outliers,and estimations of selectivity being influenced by the predetermined selectivity functions.In this study,we develop a new algorithm that can overcome the above-mentioned problems in estimating the gillnet selectivity.The proposed algorithms include minimizing the sum of squared vertical distances between two adjacent points and minimizing the weighted sum of squared vertical distances between two adjacent points in the presence of outliers.According to the estimated gillnet selectivity curve,the selectivity function can also be determined.This study suggests that the proposed algorithm is not sensitive to outliers in selectivity data and improves on the previous methods in estimating gillnet selectivity and relative population density of fish when a gillnet is used as a sampling tool.We suggest the proposed approach be used in estimating gillnet selectivity.
基金Special Funds for Public Welfare of China (GYHY(QX) 2008-06-005)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (CX09B_221Z)
文摘In this paper, we discussed the features of atmospheric circulations over Eurasia as a response to sea surface temperature anomalies （SSTAs） over the tropical Indian Ocean, the equatorial Pacific, Kuroshio and the North Atlantic. Our results are shown as follows： （1） CAM3.0, driven by the combined SSTAs over the four oceanic regions, can simulate well the features of anomalous atmospheric circulations over Eurasia in January 2008, indicating that the effects of the SSTAs over these four regions were one of the key causes of the anomalous systems over Eurasia. （2） The SSTAs over each key region contributed to the intensification of blocking over the Urals Mountains and a main East Asian trough. However, the influence of the SSTAs over individual oceanic regions differed from one another in other aspects. The SSTAs over the North Atlantic had an impact on the 500-hPa anomalous height （Z500A） over the middle-high latitudes and had a somewhat smaller effect over the low latitudes. For the warm SSTAs over Kuroshio, the subtropical high was much stronger, spread farther north than usual, and had an anomalous easterly that dominated the northwest Pacific Ocean. The warm SSTAs over the tropical Indian Ocean could have caused a negative Z500A from West Asia to Middle Asia, a remarkably anomalous southwesterly from the Indian Ocean to the south of China and an anomalous anticyclone circulation over the South China Sea-Philippine Sea region. Because of the La Nifia event, the winter monsoon was stronger than normal, with an anomalously cooler northerly over the southeastern coastal areas of China. （3） The combined effects of the SSTAs over the four key regions were likely more important to the atmospheric circulation anomalies of January 2008 over Eurasia than the effects of individual or partly combined SSTAS. This unique SSTA distribution possibly led to the circulation anomalies over Eurasia in January 2008, especially the atmospheric circulation anomalies over the subtropics, which were more similar to those of the winter E1 Nifio events than to the circulation anomalies following La Nifia.
文摘目的分析佛山市顺德区某医疗机构放射工作人员2014年第2季度个人剂量监测数值异常增高的原因。方法收集该医疗机构2014年度放射工作人员的个人剂量监测数据,以出现个人剂量监测数值异常增高的第2季度数据作为调查对象,采用现场职业卫生调查法,结合个人剂量计收发和日常管理情况进行分析。结果 2014年第2季度共检测16名放射工作人员的个人剂量计,人均有效剂量为38.51 m Sv,集体有效剂量为616.09人·m Sv,其中6名放射工作人员的有效剂量〉20.00 m Sv,年剂量当量为98.53~109.20 m Sv/a。现场职业卫生调查结果显示,各放射机房工作场所泄漏的辐射水平,以及个人剂量计收发期间存放的工作场所的辐射水平均接近本底值,不可能导致个人剂量监测结果异常。该医疗机构个人剂量计的日常存放存在漏洞,结合本次超标的6个个人剂量检测结果相近,推测本次个人剂量计异常增高的结果可能为人为统一进行照射所致。结论应加强放射防护知识的宣传教育和放射工作人员管理,制定科学合理的管理制度。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40328006)
文摘Galileo mission detected the magnetic anomalies originated from Galilean moons.These anomalies are likely generated in the moons' interiors,under the influence of a strong ambient Jovian field.Among various possible generation mechanisms of the anomalies,we focus on magneto-convection and dynamos in the interiors via numerical simulation.To mimic the electromagnetic environment of the moons,we introduce in our numerical model an external uniform magnetic field B0 with a fixed orientation but varying field strength.Our results show that a finite B0 can substantially alter the dynamo processes inside the core.When the ambient field strength B0 increases to approximately 40% of the field generated by the pure dynamo action,the convective state in the core changes significantly:the convective flow decreases by 80% in magnitude,but the differential rotation becomes stronger in much of the fluid layer,leading to a stronger field generated in the core.The field morphologies inside the core tend to align with the ambient field,while the flow patterns show the symmetry-breaking effect under the influence of B0.Furthermore,the generated field tends to be temporally more stable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61202490)
文摘A new approach called the robust structured total least squares(RSTLS) algorithm is described for solving location inaccuracy caused by outliers in the single-observer passive location. It is built within the weighted structured total least squares(WSTLS)framework and improved based on the robust estimation theory.Moreover, the improved Danish weight function is proposed according to the robust extremal function of the WSTLS, so that the new algorithm can detect outliers based on residuals and reduce the weights of outliers automatically. Finally, the inverse iteration method is discussed to deal with the RSTLS problem. Simulations show that when outliers appear, the result of the proposed algorithm is still accurate and robust, whereas that of the conventional algorithms is distorted seriously.
文摘The Baiyun Sag is the deepest sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin in northern continental margin of South China Sea,with the maximum sediment thickness over 12.5 km above the basement including >6.5 km sediments above the 30 Ma breakup unconformity.According to the theoretical models for the rifted basins,the post-rift subsidence is driven solely by the thermal contraction and can be calculated as the function of the lithospheric stretching factor.A method combining the forward modeling and reverse backstripping was designed to estimate lithospheric stretching factor.Using the 2D forward modeling based on the flexural cantilever model,we simulated the multi-rifting process of the Baiyun Sag with constrain of the backstripped profiles.By doing this the lithospheric stretching factor was obtained,and then the theoretical post-rift subsidence was calculated.The calculated theoretical subsidence was much smaller than the observed subsidence given by backstripping.Along the 1530 line in the Baiyun Sag,the anomalous post-rift subsidence is over 2 km in the sag center,and varies slightly to the north and south edges of the sag.This suggests that the anomalous post-rift subsidence continues beyond the sag both in the continental shelf to the north and in the continental slope to the south.The sensitivity tests in the forward modeling process indicate that only the use of low-angle faults (≤13°) can we simulate the shape of the backstripped profile.
基金supported by the "Creative Research Group" of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41021064)the National Basic Scientific Research Program of Global Change (Grant No.2010CB951201)Marine Special Program for Scientific Research on Public Causes (Grant No. 200705019)
文摘Observations indicate an abnormal characteristic of saltwater intrusion in the upper Modaomen Waterway of the Pearl River Estuary,i.e.,the maximum salinity occurs during the neap tide or the coming moderate tide instead of during the spring tide.To explore the associated dynamic mechanisms,a high resolution three-dimensional numerical model was set up based on the Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model(FVCOM),which covered the entire river network,the Pearl River Estuary,and the adjacent sea.Numerical experiments illustrated that the upper Modaomen Waterway is significantly influenced by the saltwater intrusion from the Hongwan Waterway,a narrow and shallow channel connecting the Modaomen Waterway to the sea.Specific topography,spring-neap tidal variation,local wind stress,and their interaction drive an up-estuary residual current in the Hongwan Waterway,which is much stronger during the neap tide than during the spring tide.As a result,more saltwater in the Hongwan Waterway is spilled over into the Modaomen Waterway during the neap tide or the coming moderate tide.This is the inherent dynamic mechanism why the saltwater intrusion in the upper Modaomen Waterway reaches its maximum during the neap tide or the coming moderate tide.Besides,we also found that the winter prevailing wind can pronouncedly enhance the saltwater intrusion in the Modaomen Waterway.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10374093the Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘We calculated numerically the localization length of one-dimensional Anderson model with correlated diagonal disorder. For zero energy point in the weak disorder limit, we showed that the localization length changes continuously as the correlation of the disorder increases. We found that higher order terms of the correlation must be included into the current perturbation result in order to give the correct localization length, arid to connect smoothly the anomaly at zero correlation with the perturbation result for large correlation.
