Context: The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is increasing rapidly among elderly persons, but little is known about its incidence in the population younger than 40 years. Objectives: To estimate the sex-and age-s...Context: The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is increasing rapidly among elderly persons, but little is known about its incidence in the population younger than 40 years. Objectives: To estimate the sex-and age-specific incidences of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in persons younger than 40 years in Olmsted County, Minnesota, and to evaluate change in incidence over time; to describe the clinical presentation, rate of recurrence and metastasis, and histologic characteristics of these tumors in this population-based sample. Design: Population-based retrospective incidence case review. Setting: Residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, a population with comprehensive medical records captured through the Rochester Epidemiology Project. Participants: Patients younger than 40 years with basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed between 1976 and 2003. Main Outcome Measures: Incident basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas and change in incidence of these tumors over time. Results: During the study period, 451 incident basal cell carcinomas were diagnosed in 417 patients and 70 incident squamous cell carcinomas were diagnosed in 68 patients. Of these tumors, 328 were histologically confirmed basal cell carcinomas and 51 were histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinomas. Overall, the age adjusted incidence of basal cell carcinoma per 100 000 persons was 25.9 (95%confidence interval [CI], 22.6-29.2) for women and 20.9 (95%CI, 17.8-23.9) for men. The incidence of basal cell carcinoma increased significantly during the study period among women (P<.001) but not men (P=.19). Nodular basal cell carcinoma was the most common histologic subtype; 43.0%of tumors were solely nodular basal cell carcinoma and 11.0%had a mixed composition, including the nodular subtype. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma was similar in men and women, with an average age-and sex-adjusted incidence per 100 000 persons of 3.9 (95%/ CI, 3.0-4.8); the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma increased significantly over the study period among both women (P=.01) and men (P=.04). Conclusions: This populationbased study demonstrated an increase in the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer among young women and men residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota. There was a disproportionate increase in basal cell carcinoma in young women. This increase may lead to an exponential increase in the overall occurrence of nonmelanoma skin cancers over time as this population ages, which emphasizes the need to focus on skin cancer prevention in young adults.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: Uterine leiomyomata represent a major public health problem for black women in the United States, but limited data are available on age- incidence curves in this high- risk population. We estimated overall ...OBJECTIVE: Uterine leiomyomata represent a major public health problem for black women in the United States, but limited data are available on age- incidence curves in this high- risk population. We estimated overall and age- specific incidence rates for self- reported uterine leiomyomata in a large cohort of African- American women in the United States. METHODS: Data were derived from the Black Women’ s Health Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of 59,000 black women from across the United States who were aged 21- 69 years at baseline (ie, 1995). From March 1997 through March 2001, we followed up 22,895 premenopausal women with no prior diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma. Poisson regression was used to estimate overall and age- specific incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for self- reported uterine leiomyoma. In a subset of 248 patients who were selected randomly from the total case group, the self- reported diagnosis was verified in 96% of cases who released their medical records. RESULTS: During 76,711 woman- years of follow- up, 2,637 incident cases of uterine leiomyomata reported as confirmed by pelvic examination (n = 358), ultrasonography (n = 2,006), or hysterectomy (n = 273) were observed. Incidence rates per 1,000 woman- years were 34.4 (95% CI 33.1- 35.7) for all cases combined, 29.7 (95% CI 28.5- 30.9) for cases confirmed by ultrasonography or hysterectomy, and 3.6 (95% CI 3.2- 4.0) for cases confirmed by hysterectomy. The incidence rate peaked at ages 40- 44 years for all cases combined (incidence rate 45.6, 95% CI 42.0- 49.5) and for cases confirmed by ultrasonography or hysterectomy (incidence rate 39.8,95% CI 36.5- 43.4), and peaked at ages 45- 49 years for cases confirmed by hysterectomy (incidence rate 8.3, 95% CI 6.4- 10.7). CONCLUSION: Overall incidence rates for self- reported uterine leiomyomata were consistent with other U.S studies in black women and confirmed a high burden of disease in this population. Age- specific incidence rates showed a later peak incidence than that observed among U.S. black women in previous studies.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the incidence of parkinsonism and Parkinson disease (PD) in the general population using inperson screening along with clinical data . Methods: In the Rotterdam study, a prospective populatio...Objective: To investigate the incidence of parkinsonism and Parkinson disease (PD) in the general population using inperson screening along with clinical data . Methods: In the Rotterdam study, a prospective population based cohort study of people aged ≥55 years, the authors assessed age and sex specific incidence r ates of parkinsonism and PD among 6,839 participants who were free of parkinsoni sm at baseline. Case finding involved in person screening at baseline and two f ollow up visits, and additional information was obtained through continuous mon itoring of the cohort by computer linkage to general practitionersand pharmacy records. Results: After a mean follow up period of 5.8 years, 132 subjects wit h incident parkinsonism were identified, of whom 67 (51%) had PD. The incidence of parkinsonism and PD increased with age, with incidence rates for PD increasi ng from 0.3 per 1000 person years in subjects aged 55 to 65 years, to 4.4 per 1 000 person years for those aged ≥85 years. The overall age adjusted incidence rate of any parkinsonism was not different in men and women, but men seem to ha ve a higher risk for PD (male to female ratio, 1.54; 95%CI, 0.95 to 2.51). Co nclusion: Incidence rates for parkinsonism and Parkinson disease were higher tha n those reported by most previous studies, possibly because of the authorsinte nsive case finding methods involving in person screening.展开更多
我国心脏骤停总体发病率为97.1/10万,而心脏骤停患者出院生存率却明显低于欧美发达国家[1-2]。如何预防心脏骤停的发生、提供高质量的心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)、恢复自主循环(return of spontaneous circulation,RO...我国心脏骤停总体发病率为97.1/10万,而心脏骤停患者出院生存率却明显低于欧美发达国家[1-2]。如何预防心脏骤停的发生、提供高质量的心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)、恢复自主循环(return of spontaneous circulation,ROSC)后给予规范的综合救治,已成为急危重症领域的焦点和难点。展开更多
Objective. The ambition of this article is to detail and to explain the methodology of the study named MISSION (Menopause: breast cancer risk, morbidity and prevalence). The aims of MISSION are to determine the preval...Objective. The ambition of this article is to detail and to explain the methodology of the study named MISSION (Menopause: breast cancer risk, morbidity and prevalence). The aims of MISSION are to determine the prevalence of breast cancer and global morbidity in France among menopausal women treated or not with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and followed by a gynecologist. Material and method. 6600 menopausal women [3300 with HRT-ie for estrogen: only estradiol via oral or transdermal administration; for progestogen: natural progesterone or assimiled or one pregnane derived (excluding medroxyprogesterone acetate) or non-pregnane derived-and 3300 without HRT] will be enrolled in France between January 5 2004 and February 28 2005 by 825 gynecologists, members or not of the National Federation of Medical Gynecologists (FNCGM). This study design is a historico-prospec-tive with case randomization. MISSION is conducted by a Theramex-Merck Laboratories initiative in collaboration with a WHO (World Health Organization) Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Rheumatic Diseases and a multidisciplinary expert group. Conclusion. First results of this study will contribute to better knowledge of women health.展开更多
文摘Context: The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer is increasing rapidly among elderly persons, but little is known about its incidence in the population younger than 40 years. Objectives: To estimate the sex-and age-specific incidences of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in persons younger than 40 years in Olmsted County, Minnesota, and to evaluate change in incidence over time; to describe the clinical presentation, rate of recurrence and metastasis, and histologic characteristics of these tumors in this population-based sample. Design: Population-based retrospective incidence case review. Setting: Residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, a population with comprehensive medical records captured through the Rochester Epidemiology Project. Participants: Patients younger than 40 years with basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed between 1976 and 2003. Main Outcome Measures: Incident basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas and change in incidence of these tumors over time. Results: During the study period, 451 incident basal cell carcinomas were diagnosed in 417 patients and 70 incident squamous cell carcinomas were diagnosed in 68 patients. Of these tumors, 328 were histologically confirmed basal cell carcinomas and 51 were histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinomas. Overall, the age adjusted incidence of basal cell carcinoma per 100 000 persons was 25.9 (95%confidence interval [CI], 22.6-29.2) for women and 20.9 (95%CI, 17.8-23.9) for men. The incidence of basal cell carcinoma increased significantly during the study period among women (P<.001) but not men (P=.19). Nodular basal cell carcinoma was the most common histologic subtype; 43.0%of tumors were solely nodular basal cell carcinoma and 11.0%had a mixed composition, including the nodular subtype. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma was similar in men and women, with an average age-and sex-adjusted incidence per 100 000 persons of 3.9 (95%/ CI, 3.0-4.8); the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma increased significantly over the study period among both women (P=.01) and men (P=.04). Conclusions: This populationbased study demonstrated an increase in the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer among young women and men residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota. There was a disproportionate increase in basal cell carcinoma in young women. This increase may lead to an exponential increase in the overall occurrence of nonmelanoma skin cancers over time as this population ages, which emphasizes the need to focus on skin cancer prevention in young adults.
文摘OBJECTIVE: Uterine leiomyomata represent a major public health problem for black women in the United States, but limited data are available on age- incidence curves in this high- risk population. We estimated overall and age- specific incidence rates for self- reported uterine leiomyomata in a large cohort of African- American women in the United States. METHODS: Data were derived from the Black Women’ s Health Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of 59,000 black women from across the United States who were aged 21- 69 years at baseline (ie, 1995). From March 1997 through March 2001, we followed up 22,895 premenopausal women with no prior diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma. Poisson regression was used to estimate overall and age- specific incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for self- reported uterine leiomyoma. In a subset of 248 patients who were selected randomly from the total case group, the self- reported diagnosis was verified in 96% of cases who released their medical records. RESULTS: During 76,711 woman- years of follow- up, 2,637 incident cases of uterine leiomyomata reported as confirmed by pelvic examination (n = 358), ultrasonography (n = 2,006), or hysterectomy (n = 273) were observed. Incidence rates per 1,000 woman- years were 34.4 (95% CI 33.1- 35.7) for all cases combined, 29.7 (95% CI 28.5- 30.9) for cases confirmed by ultrasonography or hysterectomy, and 3.6 (95% CI 3.2- 4.0) for cases confirmed by hysterectomy. The incidence rate peaked at ages 40- 44 years for all cases combined (incidence rate 45.6, 95% CI 42.0- 49.5) and for cases confirmed by ultrasonography or hysterectomy (incidence rate 39.8,95% CI 36.5- 43.4), and peaked at ages 45- 49 years for cases confirmed by hysterectomy (incidence rate 8.3, 95% CI 6.4- 10.7). CONCLUSION: Overall incidence rates for self- reported uterine leiomyomata were consistent with other U.S studies in black women and confirmed a high burden of disease in this population. Age- specific incidence rates showed a later peak incidence than that observed among U.S. black women in previous studies.
文摘Objective: To investigate the incidence of parkinsonism and Parkinson disease (PD) in the general population using inperson screening along with clinical data . Methods: In the Rotterdam study, a prospective population based cohort study of people aged ≥55 years, the authors assessed age and sex specific incidence r ates of parkinsonism and PD among 6,839 participants who were free of parkinsoni sm at baseline. Case finding involved in person screening at baseline and two f ollow up visits, and additional information was obtained through continuous mon itoring of the cohort by computer linkage to general practitionersand pharmacy records. Results: After a mean follow up period of 5.8 years, 132 subjects wit h incident parkinsonism were identified, of whom 67 (51%) had PD. The incidence of parkinsonism and PD increased with age, with incidence rates for PD increasi ng from 0.3 per 1000 person years in subjects aged 55 to 65 years, to 4.4 per 1 000 person years for those aged ≥85 years. The overall age adjusted incidence rate of any parkinsonism was not different in men and women, but men seem to ha ve a higher risk for PD (male to female ratio, 1.54; 95%CI, 0.95 to 2.51). Co nclusion: Incidence rates for parkinsonism and Parkinson disease were higher tha n those reported by most previous studies, possibly because of the authorsinte nsive case finding methods involving in person screening.
文摘我国心脏骤停总体发病率为97.1/10万,而心脏骤停患者出院生存率却明显低于欧美发达国家[1-2]。如何预防心脏骤停的发生、提供高质量的心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)、恢复自主循环(return of spontaneous circulation,ROSC)后给予规范的综合救治,已成为急危重症领域的焦点和难点。
文摘Objective. The ambition of this article is to detail and to explain the methodology of the study named MISSION (Menopause: breast cancer risk, morbidity and prevalence). The aims of MISSION are to determine the prevalence of breast cancer and global morbidity in France among menopausal women treated or not with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and followed by a gynecologist. Material and method. 6600 menopausal women [3300 with HRT-ie for estrogen: only estradiol via oral or transdermal administration; for progestogen: natural progesterone or assimiled or one pregnane derived (excluding medroxyprogesterone acetate) or non-pregnane derived-and 3300 without HRT] will be enrolled in France between January 5 2004 and February 28 2005 by 825 gynecologists, members or not of the National Federation of Medical Gynecologists (FNCGM). This study design is a historico-prospec-tive with case randomization. MISSION is conducted by a Theramex-Merck Laboratories initiative in collaboration with a WHO (World Health Organization) Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Rheumatic Diseases and a multidisciplinary expert group. Conclusion. First results of this study will contribute to better knowledge of women health.
