ObjectiveTo validate a modified HEART [History, Electrocardiograph （ECG）, Age, Risk factors and Troponin] risk score in chest pain patients with suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome （NSTE-ACS...ObjectiveTo validate a modified HEART [History, Electrocardiograph （ECG）, Age, Risk factors and Troponin] risk score in chest pain patients with suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome （NSTE-ACS） in the emergency department （ED）.Methods This retrospective cohort study used a prospectively acquired database and chest pain patients admitted to the emergency department with suspected NSTE-ACS were enrolled. Data recorded on arrival at the ED were used. The serum sample of high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin I other than conventional cardiac Troponin I used in the HEART risk score was tested. The modified HEART risk score was calculated. The end point was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events （MACE） defined as a composite of acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, percu-taneous intervention （PCI）, coronary artery bypass graft （CABG）, or all-cause death, within three months after initial presentation.Results A total of 1,300 patients were enrolled. A total of 606 patients （46.6%） had a MACE within three months： 205 patients （15.8%） were diag-nosed with AMI, 465 patients （35.8%） underwent PCI, and 119 patients （9.2%） underwent CABG. There were 10 （0.8%） deaths. A progres-sive, significant pattern of increasing event rate was observed as the score increased （P ＆lt; 0.001 byχ2 for trend）. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.84. All patients were classified into three groups： low risk （score 0-2）, intermediate risk （score 3-4）, and high risk （score 5-10）. Event rates were 1.1%, 18.5%, and 67.0%, respectively （P ＆lt; 0.001）.ConclusionsThe modified HEART risk score was validated in chest pain patients with suspected NSTE-ACS and may complement MACE risk assessment and patients triage in the ED. A prospective study of the score is warranted.展开更多
Water pollution accidents such as chemical spill and toxicants leach have become a serious issue in the world, which brings great threats to the aquatic ecosystem and drinking water safety. To detect unknown pollution...Water pollution accidents such as chemical spill and toxicants leach have become a serious issue in the world, which brings great threats to the aquatic ecosystem and drinking water safety. To detect unknown pollutions in time and take proper emergency actions, this study developed a system which integrated an online intelligent water quality monitoring device with a high efficient water quality model. The device is based on water quality probes and biological sensors which use fish motion as indicator. The numerical model is a combination of Euler and Lagrangian approaches. Finite element method is applied to simulate the flow field in an unstructured grid, and the pollutant be- haviours are traced through particle tracking. Oracle is used to manage the basic and monitoring data, and ArcSDE as well as ArclMS technologies are applied to make the system WebGIS-based so as to improve the data receiving and dispatching efficiency. The developed system has been successfully operated in Douhe Reservoir and Taihu Lake, China, where drinking water intakes are installed. It is seen from the applications that the online intelligent water qual- ity monitoring and emergency support system can be of great support to emergency management.展开更多
High frequency(HF) communication, commonly covering frequency range between 3 and 30 MHz, is an important wireless communication paradigm to offer over-thehorizon or even global communications with ranges up to thousa...High frequency(HF) communication, commonly covering frequency range between 3 and 30 MHz, is an important wireless communication paradigm to offer over-thehorizon or even global communications with ranges up to thousands of kilometers via skywave propagation with ionospheric refraction. It has widespread applications in fields such as emergency communications in disaster areas, remote communications with aircrafts or ships and non-light-of-the-sight military operations. This tutorial article overviews the history of HF communication, demystifies the recent advances, and provides a preview of the next few years, which the authors believe will see fruitful outputs towards wideband, intelligent and integrated HF communications. Specifically, we first present brief preliminaries on the unique features of HF communications to facilitate general readers in the communication community. Then, we provide a historical review to show the technical evolution on the three generations of HF communication systems. Further, we highlight the key challenges and research directions. We hope that this article will stimulate more interests in addressing the technical challenges on the research and development of future HF radio communication systems.展开更多
Natural disaster or large-scale unexpected events easily make the terrestrial network overloaded,paralyzed, or totally destroyed. It is highly demanded to build an emergency network which can be deployed rapidly, offe...Natural disaster or large-scale unexpected events easily make the terrestrial network overloaded,paralyzed, or totally destroyed. It is highly demanded to build an emergency network which can be deployed rapidly, offer high data rate and wide coverage. The emergence of aerial platforms especially the low altitude platforms(LAPs) indicates a stable and reliable direction for the development of emergency network. Hybrid satellite-aerial-terrestrial(HSAT) networks have the ability to provide effective services rather than traditional infrastructures during the emergency situation. In this paper, the aerial platforms and the HSAT networks are surveyed and the key technologies are discussed from several aspects. The challenges of the HSAT networks are also outlined finally.展开更多
Foreign-body ingestion is a relatively common presentation at emergency departments,but long metallic spoon swallowing is an infrequent occurrence.Unlike most cases of foreign-body ingestion,there have been no reporte...Foreign-body ingestion is a relatively common presentation at emergency departments,but long metallic spoon swallowing is an infrequent occurrence.Unlike most cases of foreign-body ingestion,there have been no reported cases of long foreign bodies reaching the jejunum.We report a rare case of a coffee spoon that was swallowed accidentally and passed through the pylorus and duodenal loop and reached the jejunum,with no complications.展开更多
Due to frequent drinking water pollution accidents in the past decade, it is common that mountain reservoirs were used as the source of drinking water in China. However, some coastal areas frequently suffer from typho...Due to frequent drinking water pollution accidents in the past decade, it is common that mountain reservoirs were used as the source of drinking water in China. However, some coastal areas frequently suffer from typhoon with extreme precipitation, which results in the water quality deterioration of the reservoirs. The influence of typhoons with extreme precipitation on Jiaokou reservoir and the emergency treatment process of Maojiaping water treatment plant in the past three typical typhoons with extreme precipitation from the year of 2012-2015 were studied. It was found that the degradation of water quality, such as the increase of turbidity and bacteria index, may not merely appear during the events, but last for several days. Changing the dosage of water purification agent, such as coagulant and disinfectant at right time and place may be an efficient emergency water treatment process. Based on the analysis of water quality variation rule during and after the events, it was also found that emergency treatment can be fully prepared before the arrival of a typhoon with extreme precipitation. And in order to better respond to the typhoon with extreme precipitation, several suggestions are also proposed in this paper as follows: establishing vegetated buffers at right place, such as macrophanerophytes,shrub or herbage, increasing investments in infrastructure management, merging or cancelling the small-scale water treatment plants, preparing adequate water purification agent before the typhoon comes, etc.展开更多
In Japan, robots are a regular feature of daily life and in rehabilitation support care and reporting on any emergencies involving the elderly. This study is on design guidelines for the living space with robots and c...In Japan, robots are a regular feature of daily life and in rehabilitation support care and reporting on any emergencies involving the elderly. This study is on design guidelines for the living space with robots and can be applied to the architectural planning and focused on the basic environmental primary factor. The key terms were space, people-adult male and female, positions, and the robot-size, speed-settings and approaching angles. This research is the distances a small mobile robot moves to an adult male compared with that toward an adult female. The authors focus on a small mobile robot and identify the distances from which the robot can approach individuals, and also clarify how the distances to individuals change as the robot＇s speed and angle of approach varies. The study did this experiment to analyze 30 patterns per person and also when at an angle of the difference of male and female, two position standing/seated and three speed-settings0.08 m/sec, 0.24 m/sec and 0.48 m/sec and five directions--0°, 45°, 90°, 135° and 180°.展开更多
Recently, the demand of services for architectural space is more increasing due to the diversification and complication of people＇s needs. In this research, it is assumed that the robot will support people＇s various...Recently, the demand of services for architectural space is more increasing due to the diversification and complication of people＇s needs. In this research, it is assumed that the robot will support people＇s various needs and people＇s lives in the near future. In this study, the authors investigated the relationship between a robot and a person in quasi space close to actual life space. The authors carried out an experiment to clarify the feelings of worriment due to a robot in the living room in the case of Japanese males. This research aims to establish architecture techniques for robots and humans living together. In this experiment, the robot approached a male sitting on a sofa in quasi space. At different distances between the robot and the male, the subject evaluated his feelings of worriment from ＂no worriment＂ to ＂worriment＂ in five steps from one to five. The robot used in this experiment is middle-sized （380 mm （L） × 380 mm （W） × 350 mm （H））. In this experiment, it is considered that the robot asks for help outside when an emergency occurs. In this experiment, the authors had three situations for the subject： watching television, reading a magazine and just sitting.展开更多
The recognition of the presence of ST-segment elevation in the context of ACS （acute coronary syndrome） is fundamental for the good outcome of the case. However, some electrocardiographic patterns have been highligh...The recognition of the presence of ST-segment elevation in the context of ACS （acute coronary syndrome） is fundamental for the good outcome of the case. However, some electrocardiographic patterns have been highlighted by the fact that there is no elevation, but they represent a severity similar to ACS with ST elevation. Hence, it is necessary that doctors who do the first service recognize these standards promptly.The electrocardiographic pattern of association between the ST-segment depression and the hyperacute T waves representing myocardial infarction in the anterior wall, localizing more specifically in the anterior descending artery, now known as the De Winter pattern, was first described by Dressler, and then described by Winter six years later. Winter observed that, out of a series of 1,452 cases, 2% of patients with anterior wall infarction had the pattern of ST-segment depression, positive and symmetrical T waves, and occasionally mild ST-segment elevation at AVR derivation. Those patients are admitted to the emergency room with a typical chest pain. However, because the electrocardiographic findings of this syndrome are not known to many health professionals, in many cases the patients do not receive adequate care and have fatal outcome, since mortality is relevant in these cases. Thus, the rapid recognition of this pattern is extremely necessary for the correct and effective intervention.展开更多
Background： The aim of the research was to evaluate the association between CRP （C-reactive protein）, troponin I, d-dimer, creatinine, glucose, GFR （glomerular filtration rate） and LDL-C （low-density lipoprotei...Background： The aim of the research was to evaluate the association between CRP （C-reactive protein）, troponin I, d-dimer, creatinine, glucose, GFR （glomerular filtration rate） and LDL-C （low-density lipoprotein cholesterol） levels at the admission and the results of thrombolytic therapy. Materials and methods： 113 patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital from 01.01.2015 to 01.01.2016 were studied retrospectively. Blood samples were collected in the emergency department. The neurological status was estimated using the NIHSS （National Institute of Health Stroke Scale）. The efficacy of thrombolytic therapy was assessed by comparing NIHSS score at the admission and after treatment. Afterward all patients were divided into three groups-the major improvement （NIHSS 〉 4）, minor improvement （NIHSS ≤ 4） and without any clinical effect. Results： Only the median levels of GFR were significantly （p = 0.015） lower in patients who did not have any clinical improvements after thrombolytic therapy as compared to patients with the major or minor improvements （60.0, IQR （interquartile range） 42.4-72.3 mL/min/1.73m2; 83.2, IQR 65.3-98.3 mL/min/1.73m2 and 75.9, IQR 59.2-94.6 mL/min/1.73m2）. Based on the ROC （receiver operating characteristic） curve, the optimal cut-off value of GFR level as an indicator for prediction of worsen clinical outcome after thrombolytic therapy was projected to be 61.65 mL/min/1.73m2, which yielded a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 24.5%, the area under the curve was 0.788 （95% CI （confidence interval）, 0.648-0.928）. According Spearman rank correlation test was founded statistically significant indirect correlation between GFR level and NIHSS score after treatment （r = -0.410, p = 0.020） in patients with severe stroke （NIHSS 〉 14）. Conclusions： GFR level lower than 61.65 mL/min/1.73m2 at the admission could predict as a worse outcome, especially in patients with severe stroke.展开更多
SCAD （spontaneous coronary artery dissection） proves to be a pathology of several manifestations, whose clinical diagnosis is a challenge for emergency departments. Therefore, their early identification and knowledg...SCAD （spontaneous coronary artery dissection） proves to be a pathology of several manifestations, whose clinical diagnosis is a challenge for emergency departments. Therefore, their early identification and knowledge of the various forms of presentation are mandatory for optimal medical therapy. We present a case report of a 45-year-old patient who was admitted to the coronary unit showing symptoms and laboratory tests compatible with myocardial infarction. Complete diagnosis was obtained only with more specific exams. The manifestations of the disease in the case described and the main features of the disease are discussed.展开更多
With the proliferation of small and mini drones, Drone Small Cells(DSCs) can cooperative multiple drones to provide communication service for ground users as emergency means or supplementary ones of traditional terres...With the proliferation of small and mini drones, Drone Small Cells(DSCs) can cooperative multiple drones to provide communication service for ground users as emergency means or supplementary ones of traditional terrestrial cellular networks. In this paper, we study the fundamental problem of optimizing the deployment density of DSCs to achieve the maximum coverage performance. Most related works do not consider cumulative inter-cell interference when studying the coverage performance of DSCs. First, we derive an approximate and closed-form expression of the cumulative inter-cell interference which comes from both probabilistic Line-of-Sight(Lo S) and Non-Line-of-Sight(NLo S) links. Then, we analyze the coverage performance of DSCs and derive the transcendental function of optimal deployment density to obtain the maximum coverage. Last, we propose an algorithm to get the optimal deployment density with low complexity. We conduct both field experiments and Matlab simulations to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. In addition, we show the impact of some factors on the relation between the deployment density and coverage performance through extensive numerical simulations.展开更多
Splenosis is a condition in which splenic tissue is present in a non-anatomical position. Implants of splenic tissue can mimic neoplasms and only specific examinations can confirm the correct diagnosis. Here we report...Splenosis is a condition in which splenic tissue is present in a non-anatomical position. Implants of splenic tissue can mimic neoplasms and only specific examinations can confirm the correct diagnosis. Here we report a case of a 23-year-old male patient with a history of surgical splenectomy during childhood after trauma. He was admitted to the emergency department with acute bowel obstruction. An abdominalpelvic computed tomography (CT) scan revealed small bowel obstruction and the presence of two rounded, solid masses located in the rectal-vescical pouch. Quantitative analyses of the different density values in the arterial phase and early portal venous phase demonstrated that these lesions were highly vascularised (92 and 97 Hounsfield Units, respectively). The hypothesis of an ectopic splenic mass was made after evaluation of the CT images and clinical history. The acute bowel obstruction caused by adhesive intestinal syndrome was resolved by surgical adhesiolysis. The smallest mass adherent to the rectum was removed. Histopathologic examination confirmed the benign nature of the lesion, which consisted of splenic tissue.展开更多
To the Editor One of the most significant demographic changes in our cotmtry is the increase in the elderly population. In China Mainland, the population aged 60 and older was 194 million in 2012, accounting for 14.3%...To the Editor One of the most significant demographic changes in our cotmtry is the increase in the elderly population. In China Mainland, the population aged 60 and older was 194 million in 2012, accounting for 14.3% of the total population. However, by 2053, it is estimated that the number of elderly will reach 487 million, representing 34.8% of the total population. Elderly patients represent an everncreasing populace in emergency medicine who often present with atypical signs and symptoms as well as eomorbidities that can complicate diagnoses and treatment.Ell The geographic factors and the developmental status of the country can influence the spectrum of common geriatric emergencies. Thus, this study presents a retrospective analysis of common causes of geriatric emergencies involving 9,628 elderly patients from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2013 in an emergency department in Beijing, China.展开更多
Chip multiprocessors(CMPs) allow thread level parallelism,thus increasing performance.However,this comes with the cost of temperature problem.CMPs require more power,creating non uniform power map and hotspots.Aiming ...Chip multiprocessors(CMPs) allow thread level parallelism,thus increasing performance.However,this comes with the cost of temperature problem.CMPs require more power,creating non uniform power map and hotspots.Aiming at this problem,a thread scheduling algorithm,the greedy scheduling algorithm,was proposed to reduce the thermal emergencies and to improve the throughput.The greedy scheduling algorithm was implemented in the Linux kernel on Intel's Quad-Core system.The experimental results show that the greedy scheduling algorithm can reduce 9.6%-78.5% of the hardware dynamic thermal management(DTM) in various combinations of workloads,and has an average of 5.2% and up to 9.7% throughput higher than the Linux standard scheduler.展开更多
Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are widely used in various industrial processes and generate water pollutions. VOCs removal from raw water is an important task for waterworks to guarantee drinking water security. ...Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are widely used in various industrial processes and generate water pollutions. VOCs removal from raw water is an important task for waterworks to guarantee drinking water security. The removal of VOCs such as chlorobenzene （CB） and ethylbenzene （EB） from raw water by air stripping was investigated under various conditions, inciuding the variation of temperature （5-30~C）, pH （3.5-10.5）, and air/water ratio （10-60）. The air stripping removal efficiency of VOCs decreased with VOCs concentration declining in water. And Henry＇s law constant was demonstrated as an indicator of the estimation of VOCs removal efficiency for air stripping. The effects of temperature and the ratio of air and water were found to play a great role in VOCs removal, but the effect of pH seemed to be negligible. This study demonstrates that air stripping provides a promising opportunity in removing VOCs in drinking water treatment, especially for the relatively high concentration of VOCs.展开更多
This study examines economic effects of business continuity management （BCM） disclosures through analyzing changes in shareholder returns in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake. The author examined differenc...This study examines economic effects of business continuity management （BCM） disclosures through analyzing changes in shareholder returns in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake. The author examined differences in the recovery of share price between disclosing and non-disclosing corporations. The results show that the cumulative average abnormal returns （CAARs） of disclosing corporations recovered faster than non-disclosing corporations. Then, the author examined differences in the recovery of share price between developing and non-developing corporations. The results show that there is no statistically significant difference in the recovery of share price between developing and non-developing corporations. Finally, the author examined the differences of BCM between disclosing and non-disclosing corporations. The results suggest that BCM or business continuity plan （BCP） disclosing corporations have a broader coverage of the BCP, more appropriate procedures for responding to emergency situations, more effective training of the BCM, and more mature BCM systems than non-disclosing ones.展开更多
文摘ObjectiveTo validate a modified HEART [History, Electrocardiograph （ECG）, Age, Risk factors and Troponin] risk score in chest pain patients with suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome （NSTE-ACS） in the emergency department （ED）.Methods This retrospective cohort study used a prospectively acquired database and chest pain patients admitted to the emergency department with suspected NSTE-ACS were enrolled. Data recorded on arrival at the ED were used. The serum sample of high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin I other than conventional cardiac Troponin I used in the HEART risk score was tested. The modified HEART risk score was calculated. The end point was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events （MACE） defined as a composite of acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, percu-taneous intervention （PCI）, coronary artery bypass graft （CABG）, or all-cause death, within three months after initial presentation.Results A total of 1,300 patients were enrolled. A total of 606 patients （46.6%） had a MACE within three months： 205 patients （15.8%） were diag-nosed with AMI, 465 patients （35.8%） underwent PCI, and 119 patients （9.2%） underwent CABG. There were 10 （0.8%） deaths. A progres-sive, significant pattern of increasing event rate was observed as the score increased （P ＆lt; 0.001 byχ2 for trend）. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.84. All patients were classified into three groups： low risk （score 0-2）, intermediate risk （score 3-4）, and high risk （score 5-10）. Event rates were 1.1%, 18.5%, and 67.0%, respectively （P ＆lt; 0.001）.ConclusionsThe modified HEART risk score was validated in chest pain patients with suspected NSTE-ACS and may complement MACE risk assessment and patients triage in the ED. A prospective study of the score is warranted.
基金National High-Tech R&D Program of China ("863" Program,No.2009AA06A418)
文摘Water pollution accidents such as chemical spill and toxicants leach have become a serious issue in the world, which brings great threats to the aquatic ecosystem and drinking water safety. To detect unknown pollutions in time and take proper emergency actions, this study developed a system which integrated an online intelligent water quality monitoring device with a high efficient water quality model. The device is based on water quality probes and biological sensors which use fish motion as indicator. The numerical model is a combination of Euler and Lagrangian approaches. Finite element method is applied to simulate the flow field in an unstructured grid, and the pollutant be- haviours are traced through particle tracking. Oracle is used to manage the basic and monitoring data, and ArcSDE as well as ArclMS technologies are applied to make the system WebGIS-based so as to improve the data receiving and dispatching efficiency. The developed system has been successfully operated in Douhe Reservoir and Taihu Lake, China, where drinking water intakes are installed. It is seen from the applications that the online intelligent water qual- ity monitoring and emergency support system can be of great support to emergency management.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61501510)Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20160034)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20150717)China Postdoctoral Science Funded Project (Grant No. 2018T110426)
文摘High frequency(HF) communication, commonly covering frequency range between 3 and 30 MHz, is an important wireless communication paradigm to offer over-thehorizon or even global communications with ranges up to thousands of kilometers via skywave propagation with ionospheric refraction. It has widespread applications in fields such as emergency communications in disaster areas, remote communications with aircrafts or ships and non-light-of-the-sight military operations. This tutorial article overviews the history of HF communication, demystifies the recent advances, and provides a preview of the next few years, which the authors believe will see fruitful outputs towards wideband, intelligent and integrated HF communications. Specifically, we first present brief preliminaries on the unique features of HF communications to facilitate general readers in the communication community. Then, we provide a historical review to show the technical evolution on the three generations of HF communication systems. Further, we highlight the key challenges and research directions. We hope that this article will stimulate more interests in addressing the technical challenges on the research and development of future HF radio communication systems.
基金supported by the National 863 Project under Grant No.2015AA015701National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61421061
文摘Natural disaster or large-scale unexpected events easily make the terrestrial network overloaded,paralyzed, or totally destroyed. It is highly demanded to build an emergency network which can be deployed rapidly, offer high data rate and wide coverage. The emergence of aerial platforms especially the low altitude platforms(LAPs) indicates a stable and reliable direction for the development of emergency network. Hybrid satellite-aerial-terrestrial(HSAT) networks have the ability to provide effective services rather than traditional infrastructures during the emergency situation. In this paper, the aerial platforms and the HSAT networks are surveyed and the key technologies are discussed from several aspects. The challenges of the HSAT networks are also outlined finally.
文摘Foreign-body ingestion is a relatively common presentation at emergency departments,but long metallic spoon swallowing is an infrequent occurrence.Unlike most cases of foreign-body ingestion,there have been no reported cases of long foreign bodies reaching the jejunum.We report a rare case of a coffee spoon that was swallowed accidentally and passed through the pylorus and duodenal loop and reached the jejunum,with no complications.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(grant number 51438006)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Due to frequent drinking water pollution accidents in the past decade, it is common that mountain reservoirs were used as the source of drinking water in China. However, some coastal areas frequently suffer from typhoon with extreme precipitation, which results in the water quality deterioration of the reservoirs. The influence of typhoons with extreme precipitation on Jiaokou reservoir and the emergency treatment process of Maojiaping water treatment plant in the past three typical typhoons with extreme precipitation from the year of 2012-2015 were studied. It was found that the degradation of water quality, such as the increase of turbidity and bacteria index, may not merely appear during the events, but last for several days. Changing the dosage of water purification agent, such as coagulant and disinfectant at right time and place may be an efficient emergency water treatment process. Based on the analysis of water quality variation rule during and after the events, it was also found that emergency treatment can be fully prepared before the arrival of a typhoon with extreme precipitation. And in order to better respond to the typhoon with extreme precipitation, several suggestions are also proposed in this paper as follows: establishing vegetated buffers at right place, such as macrophanerophytes,shrub or herbage, increasing investments in infrastructure management, merging or cancelling the small-scale water treatment plants, preparing adequate water purification agent before the typhoon comes, etc.
文摘In Japan, robots are a regular feature of daily life and in rehabilitation support care and reporting on any emergencies involving the elderly. This study is on design guidelines for the living space with robots and can be applied to the architectural planning and focused on the basic environmental primary factor. The key terms were space, people-adult male and female, positions, and the robot-size, speed-settings and approaching angles. This research is the distances a small mobile robot moves to an adult male compared with that toward an adult female. The authors focus on a small mobile robot and identify the distances from which the robot can approach individuals, and also clarify how the distances to individuals change as the robot＇s speed and angle of approach varies. The study did this experiment to analyze 30 patterns per person and also when at an angle of the difference of male and female, two position standing/seated and three speed-settings0.08 m/sec, 0.24 m/sec and 0.48 m/sec and five directions--0°, 45°, 90°, 135° and 180°.
文摘Recently, the demand of services for architectural space is more increasing due to the diversification and complication of people＇s needs. In this research, it is assumed that the robot will support people＇s various needs and people＇s lives in the near future. In this study, the authors investigated the relationship between a robot and a person in quasi space close to actual life space. The authors carried out an experiment to clarify the feelings of worriment due to a robot in the living room in the case of Japanese males. This research aims to establish architecture techniques for robots and humans living together. In this experiment, the robot approached a male sitting on a sofa in quasi space. At different distances between the robot and the male, the subject evaluated his feelings of worriment from ＂no worriment＂ to ＂worriment＂ in five steps from one to five. The robot used in this experiment is middle-sized （380 mm （L） × 380 mm （W） × 350 mm （H））. In this experiment, it is considered that the robot asks for help outside when an emergency occurs. In this experiment, the authors had three situations for the subject： watching television, reading a magazine and just sitting.
文摘The recognition of the presence of ST-segment elevation in the context of ACS （acute coronary syndrome） is fundamental for the good outcome of the case. However, some electrocardiographic patterns have been highlighted by the fact that there is no elevation, but they represent a severity similar to ACS with ST elevation. Hence, it is necessary that doctors who do the first service recognize these standards promptly.The electrocardiographic pattern of association between the ST-segment depression and the hyperacute T waves representing myocardial infarction in the anterior wall, localizing more specifically in the anterior descending artery, now known as the De Winter pattern, was first described by Dressler, and then described by Winter six years later. Winter observed that, out of a series of 1,452 cases, 2% of patients with anterior wall infarction had the pattern of ST-segment depression, positive and symmetrical T waves, and occasionally mild ST-segment elevation at AVR derivation. Those patients are admitted to the emergency room with a typical chest pain. However, because the electrocardiographic findings of this syndrome are not known to many health professionals, in many cases the patients do not receive adequate care and have fatal outcome, since mortality is relevant in these cases. Thus, the rapid recognition of this pattern is extremely necessary for the correct and effective intervention.
文摘Background： The aim of the research was to evaluate the association between CRP （C-reactive protein）, troponin I, d-dimer, creatinine, glucose, GFR （glomerular filtration rate） and LDL-C （low-density lipoprotein cholesterol） levels at the admission and the results of thrombolytic therapy. Materials and methods： 113 patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital from 01.01.2015 to 01.01.2016 were studied retrospectively. Blood samples were collected in the emergency department. The neurological status was estimated using the NIHSS （National Institute of Health Stroke Scale）. The efficacy of thrombolytic therapy was assessed by comparing NIHSS score at the admission and after treatment. Afterward all patients were divided into three groups-the major improvement （NIHSS 〉 4）, minor improvement （NIHSS ≤ 4） and without any clinical effect. Results： Only the median levels of GFR were significantly （p = 0.015） lower in patients who did not have any clinical improvements after thrombolytic therapy as compared to patients with the major or minor improvements （60.0, IQR （interquartile range） 42.4-72.3 mL/min/1.73m2; 83.2, IQR 65.3-98.3 mL/min/1.73m2 and 75.9, IQR 59.2-94.6 mL/min/1.73m2）. Based on the ROC （receiver operating characteristic） curve, the optimal cut-off value of GFR level as an indicator for prediction of worsen clinical outcome after thrombolytic therapy was projected to be 61.65 mL/min/1.73m2, which yielded a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 24.5%, the area under the curve was 0.788 （95% CI （confidence interval）, 0.648-0.928）. According Spearman rank correlation test was founded statistically significant indirect correlation between GFR level and NIHSS score after treatment （r = -0.410, p = 0.020） in patients with severe stroke （NIHSS 〉 14）. Conclusions： GFR level lower than 61.65 mL/min/1.73m2 at the admission could predict as a worse outcome, especially in patients with severe stroke.
文摘SCAD （spontaneous coronary artery dissection） proves to be a pathology of several manifestations, whose clinical diagnosis is a challenge for emergency departments. Therefore, their early identification and knowledge of the various forms of presentation are mandatory for optimal medical therapy. We present a case report of a 45-year-old patient who was admitted to the coronary unit showing symptoms and laboratory tests compatible with myocardial infarction. Complete diagnosis was obtained only with more specific exams. The manifestations of the disease in the case described and the main features of the disease are discussed.
基金supported in part by National NSF of China under Grant No.61472445,No.61631020,No.61702525 and No.61702545in part by the NSF of Jiangsu Province under Grant No.BK20140076.5
文摘With the proliferation of small and mini drones, Drone Small Cells(DSCs) can cooperative multiple drones to provide communication service for ground users as emergency means or supplementary ones of traditional terrestrial cellular networks. In this paper, we study the fundamental problem of optimizing the deployment density of DSCs to achieve the maximum coverage performance. Most related works do not consider cumulative inter-cell interference when studying the coverage performance of DSCs. First, we derive an approximate and closed-form expression of the cumulative inter-cell interference which comes from both probabilistic Line-of-Sight(Lo S) and Non-Line-of-Sight(NLo S) links. Then, we analyze the coverage performance of DSCs and derive the transcendental function of optimal deployment density to obtain the maximum coverage. Last, we propose an algorithm to get the optimal deployment density with low complexity. We conduct both field experiments and Matlab simulations to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. In addition, we show the impact of some factors on the relation between the deployment density and coverage performance through extensive numerical simulations.
文摘Splenosis is a condition in which splenic tissue is present in a non-anatomical position. Implants of splenic tissue can mimic neoplasms and only specific examinations can confirm the correct diagnosis. Here we report a case of a 23-year-old male patient with a history of surgical splenectomy during childhood after trauma. He was admitted to the emergency department with acute bowel obstruction. An abdominalpelvic computed tomography (CT) scan revealed small bowel obstruction and the presence of two rounded, solid masses located in the rectal-vescical pouch. Quantitative analyses of the different density values in the arterial phase and early portal venous phase demonstrated that these lesions were highly vascularised (92 and 97 Hounsfield Units, respectively). The hypothesis of an ectopic splenic mass was made after evaluation of the CT images and clinical history. The acute bowel obstruction caused by adhesive intestinal syndrome was resolved by surgical adhesiolysis. The smallest mass adherent to the rectum was removed. Histopathologic examination confirmed the benign nature of the lesion, which consisted of splenic tissue.
文摘To the Editor One of the most significant demographic changes in our cotmtry is the increase in the elderly population. In China Mainland, the population aged 60 and older was 194 million in 2012, accounting for 14.3% of the total population. However, by 2053, it is estimated that the number of elderly will reach 487 million, representing 34.8% of the total population. Elderly patients represent an everncreasing populace in emergency medicine who often present with atypical signs and symptoms as well as eomorbidities that can complicate diagnoses and treatment.Ell The geographic factors and the developmental status of the country can influence the spectrum of common geriatric emergencies. Thus, this study presents a retrospective analysis of common causes of geriatric emergencies involving 9,628 elderly patients from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2013 in an emergency department in Beijing, China.
基金Projects(2009AA01Z124,2009AA01Z102) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(60970036,61076025) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Chip multiprocessors(CMPs) allow thread level parallelism,thus increasing performance.However,this comes with the cost of temperature problem.CMPs require more power,creating non uniform power map and hotspots.Aiming at this problem,a thread scheduling algorithm,the greedy scheduling algorithm,was proposed to reduce the thermal emergencies and to improve the throughput.The greedy scheduling algorithm was implemented in the Linux kernel on Intel's Quad-Core system.The experimental results show that the greedy scheduling algorithm can reduce 9.6%-78.5% of the hardware dynamic thermal management(DTM) in various combinations of workloads,and has an average of 5.2% and up to 9.7% throughput higher than the Linux standard scheduler.
基金National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 program)(No.2008AA06A414)Major Science and Technology Proyran for Water Pollution Control and Treatment,China(No.2008ZX07421-003)
文摘Volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are widely used in various industrial processes and generate water pollutions. VOCs removal from raw water is an important task for waterworks to guarantee drinking water security. The removal of VOCs such as chlorobenzene （CB） and ethylbenzene （EB） from raw water by air stripping was investigated under various conditions, inciuding the variation of temperature （5-30~C）, pH （3.5-10.5）, and air/water ratio （10-60）. The air stripping removal efficiency of VOCs decreased with VOCs concentration declining in water. And Henry＇s law constant was demonstrated as an indicator of the estimation of VOCs removal efficiency for air stripping. The effects of temperature and the ratio of air and water were found to play a great role in VOCs removal, but the effect of pH seemed to be negligible. This study demonstrates that air stripping provides a promising opportunity in removing VOCs in drinking water treatment, especially for the relatively high concentration of VOCs.
文摘This study examines economic effects of business continuity management （BCM） disclosures through analyzing changes in shareholder returns in the wake of the Great East Japan Earthquake. The author examined differences in the recovery of share price between disclosing and non-disclosing corporations. The results show that the cumulative average abnormal returns （CAARs） of disclosing corporations recovered faster than non-disclosing corporations. Then, the author examined differences in the recovery of share price between developing and non-developing corporations. The results show that there is no statistically significant difference in the recovery of share price between developing and non-developing corporations. Finally, the author examined the differences of BCM between disclosing and non-disclosing corporations. The results suggest that BCM or business continuity plan （BCP） disclosing corporations have a broader coverage of the BCP, more appropriate procedures for responding to emergency situations, more effective training of the BCM, and more mature BCM systems than non-disclosing ones.
