In this paper, in vitro anti-influenza virus activities of sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiforrnis were investigated. Cytotoxicities and antiviral activities of Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysa...In this paper, in vitro anti-influenza virus activities of sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiforrnis were investigated. Cytotoxicities and antiviral activities of Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharides （PGL）, Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-1 （GL-1）, Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-2 （GL-2） and Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-3 （GL-3） were studied by the Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） method, and the inhibitory effect against Human influenza virus H1-364 induced cytopathic effect （CPE） on MDCK cells were observed by the CPE method. In addition, the antiviral mechanism of PGL was explored by Plaque forming unit （PFU）, MTT and CPE methods. The results showed： i） Cytotoxicities were not significantly revealed, and H1-364 induced CPE was also reduced treated with sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis; ii） Antiviral activities were associated with the mass percentage content of sulfate groups in polysaccharide fractions, which was about 13%, in polysaccharides （PGL and GL-2） both of which exhibited higher antiviral activity; iii） A potential antiviral mechanism to explain these observations is that viral adsorption and replication on host cells were inhibited by sulfated polysaccharides from Gracilaria lemaneiformis. In conclusion, Anti-influenza virus activities of sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis were revealed, and the antiviral activities were associated with content of sulfate groups in polysaccharide fractions展开更多
We aimed to access if acute graft-versus-host disease （aGVHD） in liver transplantation recipients of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） might develop a graft-versus-tumor effect （GVT） other than immunological damage...We aimed to access if acute graft-versus-host disease （aGVHD） in liver transplantation recipients of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） might develop a graft-versus-tumor effect （GVT） other than immunological damage which would benefit prophylaxis of tumor recurrence. Methods： Dynamic observation of 3 cases of liver transplantation recipients of HCC and cirrhosis, which developed manifestations of fever, skin rash, watery diarrhea, pancytopenia and were finally diagnosed as aGVHD. Two of which got recovered from intravenously pulse methylprednisolone, high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, antibiotics administration simultaneously and promptly withdrawal of oral immunosuppressants. Two survivors were follow-up regularly with biological monitoring and imaging surveillance for tumor recurrence thereafter. Results： Two recipients survived healthily with stable liver graft function and normal serum AFP level and blood routine test. No sign of tumor recurrence was found in repeat imaging examinations for liver graft, lung, brain and other tissue or organs within a period of 96 months and 17 months to date, respectively. Conclusien： Despite of the fatal damage to according organs and tissue, it suggest that aGVHD in liver recipients of HCC may also develop a GVT effect and benefit prophylaxis of tumor recurrence and result in a long-term healthy recipients survival.展开更多
Climatic variations are becoming important limiting factors for agriculture productivity,as they not only directly affect the plant net primary productivity but can also modulate the outbreak of plant diseases and pes...Climatic variations are becoming important limiting factors for agriculture productivity,as they not only directly affect the plant net primary productivity but can also modulate the outbreak of plant diseases and pests.Elevated CO_2 and O_3 are two important climatic factors that have been widely studied before.Elevated CO_2 or O_3 alters the host plant physiology and affects the vector insects and plant viruses via bottom-up effects of the host plants.Many studies have shown that elevated CO_2 or O_3 decreases the plant nitrogen content,which modulates the characteristics of vector insects.Recent evidence also reveals that hormone-dependent signaling pathways play a critical role in regulating the response of insects and plant viruses to elevated CO_2 or O_3.In the current review,we describe how elevated CO_2 or O_3 affects the vector insects and plant viruses by altering the SA and JA signaling pathways.We also discuss how changes in the feeding behavior of vector insects or the occurrence of plant viruses affects the interactions between vector insects and plant viruses under elevated CO_2 or O_3.We suggest that new insights into the upstream network that regulates hormone signaling and top-down effects of natural enemies would provide a comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions taking place under elevated CO_2 or O_3.展开更多
基金The Science and Technology Projects of Guangdong (2009B020312012)The Science and Technology Projects of Shantou (2008-143)
文摘In this paper, in vitro anti-influenza virus activities of sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiforrnis were investigated. Cytotoxicities and antiviral activities of Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharides （PGL）, Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-1 （GL-1）, Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-2 （GL-2） and Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide fraction-3 （GL-3） were studied by the Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） method, and the inhibitory effect against Human influenza virus H1-364 induced cytopathic effect （CPE） on MDCK cells were observed by the CPE method. In addition, the antiviral mechanism of PGL was explored by Plaque forming unit （PFU）, MTT and CPE methods. The results showed： i） Cytotoxicities were not significantly revealed, and H1-364 induced CPE was also reduced treated with sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis; ii） Antiviral activities were associated with the mass percentage content of sulfate groups in polysaccharide fractions, which was about 13%, in polysaccharides （PGL and GL-2） both of which exhibited higher antiviral activity; iii） A potential antiviral mechanism to explain these observations is that viral adsorption and replication on host cells were inhibited by sulfated polysaccharides from Gracilaria lemaneiformis. In conclusion, Anti-influenza virus activities of sulfated polysaccharide fractions from Gracilaria lemaneiformis were revealed, and the antiviral activities were associated with content of sulfate groups in polysaccharide fractions
文摘We aimed to access if acute graft-versus-host disease （aGVHD） in liver transplantation recipients of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） might develop a graft-versus-tumor effect （GVT） other than immunological damage which would benefit prophylaxis of tumor recurrence. Methods： Dynamic observation of 3 cases of liver transplantation recipients of HCC and cirrhosis, which developed manifestations of fever, skin rash, watery diarrhea, pancytopenia and were finally diagnosed as aGVHD. Two of which got recovered from intravenously pulse methylprednisolone, high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, antibiotics administration simultaneously and promptly withdrawal of oral immunosuppressants. Two survivors were follow-up regularly with biological monitoring and imaging surveillance for tumor recurrence thereafter. Results： Two recipients survived healthily with stable liver graft function and normal serum AFP level and blood routine test. No sign of tumor recurrence was found in repeat imaging examinations for liver graft, lung, brain and other tissue or organs within a period of 96 months and 17 months to date, respectively. Conclusien： Despite of the fatal damage to according organs and tissue, it suggest that aGVHD in liver recipients of HCC may also develop a GVT effect and benefit prophylaxis of tumor recurrence and result in a long-term healthy recipients survival.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB11050400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370438)the R&D Special Fund for the Public Welfare Industry(201303019)
文摘Climatic variations are becoming important limiting factors for agriculture productivity,as they not only directly affect the plant net primary productivity but can also modulate the outbreak of plant diseases and pests.Elevated CO_2 and O_3 are two important climatic factors that have been widely studied before.Elevated CO_2 or O_3 alters the host plant physiology and affects the vector insects and plant viruses via bottom-up effects of the host plants.Many studies have shown that elevated CO_2 or O_3 decreases the plant nitrogen content,which modulates the characteristics of vector insects.Recent evidence also reveals that hormone-dependent signaling pathways play a critical role in regulating the response of insects and plant viruses to elevated CO_2 or O_3.In the current review,we describe how elevated CO_2 or O_3 affects the vector insects and plant viruses by altering the SA and JA signaling pathways.We also discuss how changes in the feeding behavior of vector insects or the occurrence of plant viruses affects the interactions between vector insects and plant viruses under elevated CO_2 or O_3.We suggest that new insights into the upstream network that regulates hormone signaling and top-down effects of natural enemies would provide a comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions taking place under elevated CO_2 or O_3.
