Although much has been written about African contributions to world civilization, the authors would like to discuss in this paper the reasons why Africa is considered the cradle of civilizations and some specific elem...Although much has been written about African contributions to world civilization, the authors would like to discuss in this paper the reasons why Africa is considered the cradle of civilizations and some specific elements of African culture found in other parts of the world. The dominant view is that the history of humankind began in Africa, particularly in East Africa （Ethiopia and Tanzania）. Human history in Africa is immensely long. In fact, both archaeological research and genetic studies strongly support the theory that the evolution of the modern human species （Homo sapiens） occurred in Africa. Thereafter, these early human beings spread rapidly from East Africa throughout Africa and the rest of the world. As they spread across the globe, the early human beings adapted to very different environments by developing the slight genetic variations which produce differences in skin color, hair, body type, and facial features. From Africa some people migrated into Asia before continuing to other parts of the world. The idea that the first Africans chose Asia when they decided to migrate provides the first link between Africans and Asians. Early Asians must be the closest cousins of the early Africans. Although there are historical, cultural, and linguistic connections between the African and Eastern Cultures, the authors will only discuss four major cultural elements. These include religious beliefs, concept of history and time, social structures, and the human body.展开更多
China traditional culture, our culture, the root of all the children of the Yellow Emperor. Ancient poetry, the essence of traditional Chinese culture, but also the world’s cultural and artistic treasure house of a b...China traditional culture, our culture, the root of all the children of the Yellow Emperor. Ancient poetry, the essence of traditional Chinese culture, but also the world’s cultural and artistic treasure house of a bright pearl. Chinese culture has a long history, broad and profound, poetry is always the highbrow type of aesthetic elegant, attracted many devout followers, especially those in the thoughts and feelings, wisdom and creativity in a famous through the ages, although after thousands of years of vicissitudes of life still shine, while dancing alone in the modern civilization and tired of noisy. Never forgotten.展开更多
In the development of human civilization, plant has been closely attached to human beings, and also been endowed with rich cultural imagery. However, ascribed to the differences between Chinese and English cultures, p...In the development of human civilization, plant has been closely attached to human beings, and also been endowed with rich cultural imagery. However, ascribed to the differences between Chinese and English cultures, plant of the same kind exhibits similar, distinct or vacant characteristics. This paper adopts comparison method so as to compare and to analyze the differences and similarities of cultural connotation contained in plant emerging in Treasure Island （a representative of western adventure literature） and The Swordsman （a representative of Chinese martial arts literature） and roles plant plays in a certain chapter, or the whole story. The literature study presents a general knowledge of research theories in this field and cultural background. Moreover, the induction method integrates and summarizes the prior analyses and researches. Reasons underlying those cultural differences are also expounded, including legend and folklore, literature works and convention and custom. The conclusion is that analyzing the cultural connotation of plant is of significance for understanding the corresponding cultural differences as well as appreciating adventure and martial arts literature.展开更多
Traditional sports health is an integral part of Chinese culture, Chinese civilization is accompanied by a process to produce, to grow up. It has self-cultivation, physical ？ tness and longevity effect. Unfortunately...Traditional sports health is an integral part of Chinese culture, Chinese civilization is accompanied by a process to produce, to grow up. It has self-cultivation, physical ？ tness and longevity effect. Unfortunately, despite thousands of years of traditional sports health practice, the formation of a rich health ideas, but these traditional sports health mind, like scattered pearls scattered in the literature and practice of traditional sports health, without to pick up a bunch of dressed form traditional sports regimen thought a monograph system. Based on this, the present study the history of ideas as a starting point for a study of traditional sports and health aspects of the history of ideas, aimed at the formation of traditional sports and health history of ideas monographs, traditional sports for the rich theory of health and promote the further development of traditional sports health theoretical system of scientific value. We life philosophy, yin and yang sports concept of yin and yang as the number concept of yin and yang concept of information four angles, analyzes the theory of Yin and Yang.展开更多
The history of the formation and development of Chinese civilization is also a civilization history of water conservancy. Water not only gives birth to Chinese civilization but also gives birth to the unique regional ...The history of the formation and development of Chinese civilization is also a civilization history of water conservancy. Water not only gives birth to Chinese civilization but also gives birth to the unique regional culture in Lingnan. In the past thousands of year, from the ancient myths and legends of Lingnan water conservancy culture to the digging of efficacious Canal＇s integration of the nationalities in Lingnan, to the blending of water and culture of the Xijiang River and the North River of the Zhujiang water system and the formation of urban river culture, development of its generation, deduction and inheritance has the mutual penetration with the formation of water system and the variation of water conservancy which mutually influence the historical evolvement of Lingnan regional culture.展开更多
Countless research studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of incivility and bullying in healthcare.Despite the abundance of proposed solutions to this issue,many healthcare leaders continue to fail in mitig...Countless research studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of incivility and bullying in healthcare.Despite the abundance of proposed solutions to this issue,many healthcare leaders continue to fail in mitigating the existence of such negative behaviors in the workplace.Personality attributes of perpetrators and victims have received attention,but much less research has examined the organizational and neoliberal causations of incivility and bullying in healthcare.Being the largest occupational group in the health sector,nursing professionals have the greatest influence and are crucial in ending these behaviors.This discussion paper outlines the effects of incivility and bullying in healthcare and provides a critical analysis on how organizational culture and neoliberal ideology influence the pervasiveness and persistence of these negative behaviors.The analysis reveals that organizational cultures that misuse power,disregard equality,and facilitate oppression,foster the existence of incivility and bullying in the workplace.Such cultures permit perpetrators to misuse their authority to control resource allocation,ignorance to social inequalities,and the silence of victims.Furthermore,the neoliberal concept of deregulation,austerity,and individualism further these behaviors.The neoliberal reforms have led to underfunding of anti-bullying programs and policies,use of bullying behaviours as management strategies,and victim-blaming for profit maximization.Financial cutbacks have resulted in denial and acceptance of uncivil and bullying behaviours in healthcare institutions,which endangers the rights of healthcare providers to a safe workplace environment.To curtail these negative behaviors,robust anti-bullying policies and programs must be strictly enforced and sustained in practice.Further exploration on the association of organizational culture and neoliberal principles to incivility and bullying in healthcare is greatly warranted.展开更多
In recent years, selection range of Chinese students for institutions of higher education is no longer limited to domestic range, with the rise of studying abroad, an increasing number of undergraduate and graduate st...In recent years, selection range of Chinese students for institutions of higher education is no longer limited to domestic range, with the rise of studying abroad, an increasing number of undergraduate and graduate students choose to go to the overseas for expansion of knowledge.This phenomenon has both advantages and disadvantages,on the one hand, it can promote the cultural exchange between countries,but on the other hand, the higher talent loss on China＇s economy caused great damage.For China＇s higher education workers and researchers, our research scope is not limited to the cultivation of the higher talents, and it also considers how to cultivate talent substantial contribution to economic civilization construction of the motherland without loss to foreign countries.This paper aims to analyze the current situation of higher talent loss in China from the perspective of higher education, and carries on the brief analysis on how to deal with this situation.展开更多
Chinese dream and American dream reach the same end by different means. So Chinese dream and American dream are similar, they are expressed in different ways, and different expressions originate from different culture...Chinese dream and American dream reach the same end by different means. So Chinese dream and American dream are similar, they are expressed in different ways, and different expressions originate from different cultures and civilizations. So how to facilitate cross-cultural understanding？ I have three points： first, recognize the diversity of Western civilization; second, striking a connection between China and the West; third, a reflexive approach.展开更多
For a nation, culture is not only the promotion and enhancement to the national spirit and the realm of life, but also an essential content and indispensable support force to achieve economic development, it is the im...For a nation, culture is not only the promotion and enhancement to the national spirit and the realm of life, but also an essential content and indispensable support force to achieve economic development, it is the important cause and prominent of the overall strength and the main carrier and specific embodiment of a nation＇s ＂soft power＂, besides, it also represents the degree of civilization, level of development and height of this nation. Culture and cultural industry endow with the modern culture with new meaning, it requires that at the time we achieve the prosperity and development of culture, we must actively explore and operate a scientific mechanism which is most able to release the energy of the culture and play cultural efficiency, and then develop the industrial pathway of the cultural. Cultural industry is a little different from the general industry. This causes the special natm-e of the cultural industry which is different from other industries. Different water and soil raised different people, inheriting national culture and developing cultural industry can be described as the unity of the three ones.展开更多
The problem of human language, arithmetic, and art was studied in the context of the definition ＂civilization＂ on the basis of Darwin＇s theory. The author defines civilization as ＂survival of the weak＂. The autho...The problem of human language, arithmetic, and art was studied in the context of the definition ＂civilization＂ on the basis of Darwin＇s theory. The author defines civilization as ＂survival of the weak＂. The author supposes that language and art were invented by the men to describe their heroic deeds for the women in order to be selected by them for reproduction. In other words, language and art became a selection criterions together with beauty and presents. Finally, the author defines language and art.展开更多
During the long history of cultural development, etiquette education is an important module in China traditional education. The etiquette education as a starting point in college students＇ ideological education, it i...During the long history of cultural development, etiquette education is an important module in China traditional education. The etiquette education as a starting point in college students＇ ideological education, it is one of the important content of college students＇ student lives. Cultural knowledge learning is equally important. This article through study on contemporary college students of civilization etiquette education problems, elaborated some of the problems existing in the contemporary college students＇ etiquette education, and put forward opinions and suggestions how to improve college students＇ etiquette education in the future.展开更多
On the background of the globalization, Chinese traditional martial arts facing a squeeze of strong Western culture is very difficult to develop. To actively explore a new development idea based on the Chinese traditi...On the background of the globalization, Chinese traditional martial arts facing a squeeze of strong Western culture is very difficult to develop. To actively explore a new development idea based on the Chinese traditional sports culture in new era, has become an urgent task to us. The traditional martial arts culture impacts on the global sports culture positively, however, crisis also exists because the technology effect and times＇ advantages by the modern civilization. To inherit and develop the Chinese Traditional Wushu culture, we＇ d better to make it popular in China, publicize and promote all over the world..展开更多
Euphemism, as the linguistic and cultural phenomenon, is a lubricant in linguistic communication used in different aspects of social lives. With the rapid development of science and progress of human civilization, eup...Euphemism, as the linguistic and cultural phenomenon, is a lubricant in linguistic communication used in different aspects of social lives. With the rapid development of science and progress of human civilization, euphemism, as one of the most important components in English language, has the tendency of multiplying. This paper, based on the development of euphemism in modem American English, sums up the basic features of euphemism in modem American English and analyzes its formation and application in modem American society and culture with the objective of improving learners＇ communication ability in the context of cross cultural communication.展开更多
Dali is an ancient city on the southwestern border of China＇ s territory, she sprouted seeds of human civilization, experienced the vicissitudes of the millennium,eventually formed a rich ethnic customs.She is ＂the ...Dali is an ancient city on the southwestern border of China＇ s territory, she sprouted seeds of human civilization, experienced the vicissitudes of the millennium,eventually formed a rich ethnic customs.She is ＂the cultural crossroads of the ancient capital of Asia＂ which is recognized by the world.However, the beauty of the past has been almost no advantage in today＇ s tourism industry accounts for Dianxi rapid development.Many traditional attractions false propaganda. Those views may already be the last generation of human memory even documented. Dali almost forgotten their own advantage in such under the impact,for the construction and development of cultural tourism in Dali, but also for thousands of years to live up to this cultural accumulation, this paper analyzes the development direction of the national Culture Tourism in Dali Dali from the perspective of the transformation.展开更多
Cross-cultural communication mainly refers to communication between people of different cultural backgrounds. Worldwide research on intercultural communication is the rise of a new field of study in recent 30 years. W...Cross-cultural communication mainly refers to communication between people of different cultural backgrounds. Worldwide research on intercultural communication is the rise of a new field of study in recent 30 years. With the deepening of reform and opening up, China＇ s exchanges with the world are more and more frequent, China approaches to the world, and the world is also approaching the China. China should learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries, to learn all the outstanding achievements of human civilization all over the world, while the splendid Chinese culture will also be introduced to the world. In this way, it relates to the problem of cross-cultural communication.展开更多
Confucianism,not only is the core of Chinese cultural educational thoughts but its influence has been identified in the West by the European scholars.And with the impact of Confucianism civilization,the theological au...Confucianism,not only is the core of Chinese cultural educational thoughts but its influence has been identified in the West by the European scholars.And with the impact of Confucianism civilization,the theological authority in the Dark Ages wavered.The human-based ideas of Confucianism that people are the foundation of the country,the governing way of“Governance with virtue”,the way of personnel placement that men of great virtue and talent are elected who will cultivate mutual trust and promote universal understanding,the nationwide education thought that there should be education for everyone without distinction and the imperial examination system under the idea that those who excellently learned should serve(in the government),have exerted beneficial influences on the European modern civilization.Looking back at the course of Confucian influence in the West and the influence on the Enlightenment and modern civilization,it is easy to find that Confucianism education is of universal value in the pluralistic cultural world,which can enhance the cultural identification and cultural consciousness of a nation,creating a heritage of excellent cultural education and enriching the connotation of the contemporary cultural education.展开更多
There is no evidence in the etymology of Western European languages to support the distinction between ＂civilization＂ and ＂state＂ stressed by some scholars, nor any to support the division of ＂civilization＂ into...There is no evidence in the etymology of Western European languages to support the distinction between ＂civilization＂ and ＂state＂ stressed by some scholars, nor any to support the division of ＂civilization＂ into a dichotomy of ＂culture＂ and ＂society.＂ The original meaning of ＂civilization＂ is ＂state.＂ In discussing the origin of civilization, it is groundless to divide ＂civilization＂ into ＂culture＂ and ＂society,＂ or to interpret ＂civilization＂ and ＂state＂ as two different concepts. Given such considerations, there can only be one focus in studies of the origin of civilization, namely, changes in society and its management structure, or in other words, the changing social relations among people who live within a given territory.展开更多
＂Cultural feedback＂ （wenhua fanbu, literally ＂cultural reverse feeding＂）, an indigenous concept coined to facilitate the understanding of intergenerational relations in China＇s drastically changing society, foc...＂Cultural feedback＂ （wenhua fanbu, literally ＂cultural reverse feeding＂）, an indigenous concept coined to facilitate the understanding of intergenerational relations in China＇s drastically changing society, focuses on the subversion or reversal of conventional intergenerational relations in the light of changes triggered jointly by globalization and social transformation and views the extensive absorption of emerging cultural elements by the older generation from the young generation as a new mode of transmission. The process of the dissemination and selection of three kinds of modem artifacts-new foods, cell phones and computers--highlights the intergenerational tilt, the phenomenon of decentralization and the trend towards a digital divide. The subversion of conventional intergenerational relations in the process of the transmission of artifact civilization, as a significant part of Chinese psychological reactions to over three decades of reform and opening up, is indispensable to the psychological integrity of Chinese experience.展开更多
文摘Although much has been written about African contributions to world civilization, the authors would like to discuss in this paper the reasons why Africa is considered the cradle of civilizations and some specific elements of African culture found in other parts of the world. The dominant view is that the history of humankind began in Africa, particularly in East Africa （Ethiopia and Tanzania）. Human history in Africa is immensely long. In fact, both archaeological research and genetic studies strongly support the theory that the evolution of the modern human species （Homo sapiens） occurred in Africa. Thereafter, these early human beings spread rapidly from East Africa throughout Africa and the rest of the world. As they spread across the globe, the early human beings adapted to very different environments by developing the slight genetic variations which produce differences in skin color, hair, body type, and facial features. From Africa some people migrated into Asia before continuing to other parts of the world. The idea that the first Africans chose Asia when they decided to migrate provides the first link between Africans and Asians. Early Asians must be the closest cousins of the early Africans. Although there are historical, cultural, and linguistic connections between the African and Eastern Cultures, the authors will only discuss four major cultural elements. These include religious beliefs, concept of history and time, social structures, and the human body.
文摘China traditional culture, our culture, the root of all the children of the Yellow Emperor. Ancient poetry, the essence of traditional Chinese culture, but also the world’s cultural and artistic treasure house of a bright pearl. Chinese culture has a long history, broad and profound, poetry is always the highbrow type of aesthetic elegant, attracted many devout followers, especially those in the thoughts and feelings, wisdom and creativity in a famous through the ages, although after thousands of years of vicissitudes of life still shine, while dancing alone in the modern civilization and tired of noisy. Never forgotten.
文摘In the development of human civilization, plant has been closely attached to human beings, and also been endowed with rich cultural imagery. However, ascribed to the differences between Chinese and English cultures, plant of the same kind exhibits similar, distinct or vacant characteristics. This paper adopts comparison method so as to compare and to analyze the differences and similarities of cultural connotation contained in plant emerging in Treasure Island （a representative of western adventure literature） and The Swordsman （a representative of Chinese martial arts literature） and roles plant plays in a certain chapter, or the whole story. The literature study presents a general knowledge of research theories in this field and cultural background. Moreover, the induction method integrates and summarizes the prior analyses and researches. Reasons underlying those cultural differences are also expounded, including legend and folklore, literature works and convention and custom. The conclusion is that analyzing the cultural connotation of plant is of significance for understanding the corresponding cultural differences as well as appreciating adventure and martial arts literature.
文摘Traditional sports health is an integral part of Chinese culture, Chinese civilization is accompanied by a process to produce, to grow up. It has self-cultivation, physical ？ tness and longevity effect. Unfortunately, despite thousands of years of traditional sports health practice, the formation of a rich health ideas, but these traditional sports health mind, like scattered pearls scattered in the literature and practice of traditional sports health, without to pick up a bunch of dressed form traditional sports regimen thought a monograph system. Based on this, the present study the history of ideas as a starting point for a study of traditional sports and health aspects of the history of ideas, aimed at the formation of traditional sports and health history of ideas monographs, traditional sports for the rich theory of health and promote the further development of traditional sports health theoretical system of scientific value. We life philosophy, yin and yang sports concept of yin and yang as the number concept of yin and yang concept of information four angles, analyzes the theory of Yin and Yang.
文摘The history of the formation and development of Chinese civilization is also a civilization history of water conservancy. Water not only gives birth to Chinese civilization but also gives birth to the unique regional culture in Lingnan. In the past thousands of year, from the ancient myths and legends of Lingnan water conservancy culture to the digging of efficacious Canal＇s integration of the nationalities in Lingnan, to the blending of water and culture of the Xijiang River and the North River of the Zhujiang water system and the formation of urban river culture, development of its generation, deduction and inheritance has the mutual penetration with the formation of water system and the variation of water conservancy which mutually influence the historical evolvement of Lingnan regional culture.
文摘Countless research studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of incivility and bullying in healthcare.Despite the abundance of proposed solutions to this issue,many healthcare leaders continue to fail in mitigating the existence of such negative behaviors in the workplace.Personality attributes of perpetrators and victims have received attention,but much less research has examined the organizational and neoliberal causations of incivility and bullying in healthcare.Being the largest occupational group in the health sector,nursing professionals have the greatest influence and are crucial in ending these behaviors.This discussion paper outlines the effects of incivility and bullying in healthcare and provides a critical analysis on how organizational culture and neoliberal ideology influence the pervasiveness and persistence of these negative behaviors.The analysis reveals that organizational cultures that misuse power,disregard equality,and facilitate oppression,foster the existence of incivility and bullying in the workplace.Such cultures permit perpetrators to misuse their authority to control resource allocation,ignorance to social inequalities,and the silence of victims.Furthermore,the neoliberal concept of deregulation,austerity,and individualism further these behaviors.The neoliberal reforms have led to underfunding of anti-bullying programs and policies,use of bullying behaviours as management strategies,and victim-blaming for profit maximization.Financial cutbacks have resulted in denial and acceptance of uncivil and bullying behaviours in healthcare institutions,which endangers the rights of healthcare providers to a safe workplace environment.To curtail these negative behaviors,robust anti-bullying policies and programs must be strictly enforced and sustained in practice.Further exploration on the association of organizational culture and neoliberal principles to incivility and bullying in healthcare is greatly warranted.
文摘In recent years, selection range of Chinese students for institutions of higher education is no longer limited to domestic range, with the rise of studying abroad, an increasing number of undergraduate and graduate students choose to go to the overseas for expansion of knowledge.This phenomenon has both advantages and disadvantages,on the one hand, it can promote the cultural exchange between countries,but on the other hand, the higher talent loss on China＇s economy caused great damage.For China＇s higher education workers and researchers, our research scope is not limited to the cultivation of the higher talents, and it also considers how to cultivate talent substantial contribution to economic civilization construction of the motherland without loss to foreign countries.This paper aims to analyze the current situation of higher talent loss in China from the perspective of higher education, and carries on the brief analysis on how to deal with this situation.
文摘Chinese dream and American dream reach the same end by different means. So Chinese dream and American dream are similar, they are expressed in different ways, and different expressions originate from different cultures and civilizations. So how to facilitate cross-cultural understanding？ I have three points： first, recognize the diversity of Western civilization; second, striking a connection between China and the West; third, a reflexive approach.
文摘For a nation, culture is not only the promotion and enhancement to the national spirit and the realm of life, but also an essential content and indispensable support force to achieve economic development, it is the important cause and prominent of the overall strength and the main carrier and specific embodiment of a nation＇s ＂soft power＂, besides, it also represents the degree of civilization, level of development and height of this nation. Culture and cultural industry endow with the modern culture with new meaning, it requires that at the time we achieve the prosperity and development of culture, we must actively explore and operate a scientific mechanism which is most able to release the energy of the culture and play cultural efficiency, and then develop the industrial pathway of the cultural. Cultural industry is a little different from the general industry. This causes the special natm-e of the cultural industry which is different from other industries. Different water and soil raised different people, inheriting national culture and developing cultural industry can be described as the unity of the three ones.
文摘The problem of human language, arithmetic, and art was studied in the context of the definition ＂civilization＂ on the basis of Darwin＇s theory. The author defines civilization as ＂survival of the weak＂. The author supposes that language and art were invented by the men to describe their heroic deeds for the women in order to be selected by them for reproduction. In other words, language and art became a selection criterions together with beauty and presents. Finally, the author defines language and art.
文摘During the long history of cultural development, etiquette education is an important module in China traditional education. The etiquette education as a starting point in college students＇ ideological education, it is one of the important content of college students＇ student lives. Cultural knowledge learning is equally important. This article through study on contemporary college students of civilization etiquette education problems, elaborated some of the problems existing in the contemporary college students＇ etiquette education, and put forward opinions and suggestions how to improve college students＇ etiquette education in the future.
文摘On the background of the globalization, Chinese traditional martial arts facing a squeeze of strong Western culture is very difficult to develop. To actively explore a new development idea based on the Chinese traditional sports culture in new era, has become an urgent task to us. The traditional martial arts culture impacts on the global sports culture positively, however, crisis also exists because the technology effect and times＇ advantages by the modern civilization. To inherit and develop the Chinese Traditional Wushu culture, we＇ d better to make it popular in China, publicize and promote all over the world..
文摘Euphemism, as the linguistic and cultural phenomenon, is a lubricant in linguistic communication used in different aspects of social lives. With the rapid development of science and progress of human civilization, euphemism, as one of the most important components in English language, has the tendency of multiplying. This paper, based on the development of euphemism in modem American English, sums up the basic features of euphemism in modem American English and analyzes its formation and application in modem American society and culture with the objective of improving learners＇ communication ability in the context of cross cultural communication.
文摘Dali is an ancient city on the southwestern border of China＇ s territory, she sprouted seeds of human civilization, experienced the vicissitudes of the millennium,eventually formed a rich ethnic customs.She is ＂the cultural crossroads of the ancient capital of Asia＂ which is recognized by the world.However, the beauty of the past has been almost no advantage in today＇ s tourism industry accounts for Dianxi rapid development.Many traditional attractions false propaganda. Those views may already be the last generation of human memory even documented. Dali almost forgotten their own advantage in such under the impact,for the construction and development of cultural tourism in Dali, but also for thousands of years to live up to this cultural accumulation, this paper analyzes the development direction of the national Culture Tourism in Dali Dali from the perspective of the transformation.
文摘Cross-cultural communication mainly refers to communication between people of different cultural backgrounds. Worldwide research on intercultural communication is the rise of a new field of study in recent 30 years. With the deepening of reform and opening up, China＇ s exchanges with the world are more and more frequent, China approaches to the world, and the world is also approaching the China. China should learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries, to learn all the outstanding achievements of human civilization all over the world, while the splendid Chinese culture will also be introduced to the world. In this way, it relates to the problem of cross-cultural communication.
文摘Confucianism,not only is the core of Chinese cultural educational thoughts but its influence has been identified in the West by the European scholars.And with the impact of Confucianism civilization,the theological authority in the Dark Ages wavered.The human-based ideas of Confucianism that people are the foundation of the country,the governing way of“Governance with virtue”,the way of personnel placement that men of great virtue and talent are elected who will cultivate mutual trust and promote universal understanding,the nationwide education thought that there should be education for everyone without distinction and the imperial examination system under the idea that those who excellently learned should serve(in the government),have exerted beneficial influences on the European modern civilization.Looking back at the course of Confucian influence in the West and the influence on the Enlightenment and modern civilization,it is easy to find that Confucianism education is of universal value in the pluralistic cultural world,which can enhance the cultural identification and cultural consciousness of a nation,creating a heritage of excellent cultural education and enriching the connotation of the contemporary cultural education.
文摘There is no evidence in the etymology of Western European languages to support the distinction between ＂civilization＂ and ＂state＂ stressed by some scholars, nor any to support the division of ＂civilization＂ into a dichotomy of ＂culture＂ and ＂society.＂ The original meaning of ＂civilization＂ is ＂state.＂ In discussing the origin of civilization, it is groundless to divide ＂civilization＂ into ＂culture＂ and ＂society,＂ or to interpret ＂civilization＂ and ＂state＂ as two different concepts. Given such considerations, there can only be one focus in studies of the origin of civilization, namely, changes in society and its management structure, or in other words, the changing social relations among people who live within a given territory.
基金one of the results of "Chinese Experience in the Context of Globalization" which is sponsored by Nanjing University’s "Project 985," a reform project in the humanities and social sciences(Project No.: NJU985JD07)the "Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions"
文摘＂Cultural feedback＂ （wenhua fanbu, literally ＂cultural reverse feeding＂）, an indigenous concept coined to facilitate the understanding of intergenerational relations in China＇s drastically changing society, focuses on the subversion or reversal of conventional intergenerational relations in the light of changes triggered jointly by globalization and social transformation and views the extensive absorption of emerging cultural elements by the older generation from the young generation as a new mode of transmission. The process of the dissemination and selection of three kinds of modem artifacts-new foods, cell phones and computers--highlights the intergenerational tilt, the phenomenon of decentralization and the trend towards a digital divide. The subversion of conventional intergenerational relations in the process of the transmission of artifact civilization, as a significant part of Chinese psychological reactions to over three decades of reform and opening up, is indispensable to the psychological integrity of Chinese experience.
