鲍修哀是17世纪法国重要的神学家、史学家,Discourse on Universal History是他在历史学方面的代表著作。自20世纪初以来,国内不少译著和研究论著都将鲍修哀这部书的书名译作《通史论》或《世界通史》等,这是不太合适的。刘家和曾指出,...鲍修哀是17世纪法国重要的神学家、史学家,Discourse on Universal History是他在历史学方面的代表著作。自20世纪初以来,国内不少译著和研究论著都将鲍修哀这部书的书名译作《通史论》或《世界通史》等,这是不太合适的。刘家和曾指出,中西之间有着重通史与重普世史的特点之不同。普世史固然必须以时间为经,但其重点却在共时性的普世的空间之纬;通史固然必须以空间为纬,但其重点却在历时性的时间之经。也就是说,西方思想中的Universal history(普世史或普遍史)与中国的“通史”概念在内涵上有很大不同。中国的“通史”思想其核心在于“穷变通久”,也就是司马迁所说的“通古今之变”。以王夫之为例,其史学著作虽属史论体,但特别注重对古今之变以及历史变化的辩证发展和深层原因的揭示,尤其是对变与常关系的深刻把握,使其成为继司马迁以来中国史学“通史精神”的又一典型代表。作为与王夫之大体同时的鲍修哀,他的史学著作虽然在内容上涵盖古今广泛的时间,但指导思想却是基督教普世史的神学观念,把历史变化归于神意,未能体现出“通古今之变”的思想,这是中西传统历史观念中的重要区别。展开更多
A re-thinking of several premise issues in Chinese historiographic theory involves reconsidering and reassessing hitherto unquestioned theoretical and historical premises, re- analyzing and re-observing Chinese histor...A re-thinking of several premise issues in Chinese historiographic theory involves reconsidering and reassessing hitherto unquestioned theoretical and historical premises, re- analyzing and re-observing Chinese history with the theoretical vision of the philosophy of history, and sorting out and correcting ideas of history. It is a process of dialectical comprehension and specific application of the core values of Marxist materialist history, involving adherence to the basic traditions of materialist history in the following areas： the starting point of historical studies, methods of comparative historical research, establishment of the facts and laws of history, explanations of historical concepts and values and integration of reality, history, theory and values, so as to develop a holistic theory and method of historical observation covering a long period and a broad span.展开更多
Marx probed into the laws of the evolution of world history and the international system from the perspective of grand history,incisively revealing the inherent historical dynamics and evolutionary secrets of the laws...Marx probed into the laws of the evolution of world history and the international system from the perspective of grand history,incisively revealing the inherent historical dynamics and evolutionary secrets of the laws of this development and thus providing a new analytical framework for our understanding of the nature of international relations and the characteristics of the era.Compared with related international relations theories of the same period,Marx’s international outlook had a unique class standpoint and methodological principles and adopted rigorous speculative logic and lofty values.Marx conducted scientific research and dialectical analysis of the laws of evolution and the intrinsic nature of international society,especially the historical mission of the proletariat.These ideas,unique in the intellectual and theoretical spectrum of international relations,provide an intellectual guide for the innovation of Chinese diplomatic theory in the new era.展开更多
Discussions on Marx＇s ＂Asiatic mode of production＂ are essentially about the relationship between the universal and the particularistic view of history. Marx adhered to the world history position, but in the course...Discussions on Marx＇s ＂Asiatic mode of production＂ are essentially about the relationship between the universal and the particularistic view of history. Marx adhered to the world history position, but in the course of formulating his theory of the Asiatic mode of production he moved from universal history to a particularistic view of history; whereas the shift from the ＂Russian path＂ and ＂Russian way＂ provided by the Russian revolution to Stalin＇s doctrine of the ＂five forms＂ of social development represented a return from particularistic to universal history. In developing a Chinese view of history, three elements cannot be overlooked： the Chinese pattern of historical development and China＇s present development experience; Marx＇s theory of social forms and his thoughts on Oriental society in his later years; and the ＂Russian path＂ and ＂systemic transformation＂ launched by the October Revolution.展开更多
文摘鲍修哀是17世纪法国重要的神学家、史学家,Discourse on Universal History是他在历史学方面的代表著作。自20世纪初以来,国内不少译著和研究论著都将鲍修哀这部书的书名译作《通史论》或《世界通史》等,这是不太合适的。刘家和曾指出,中西之间有着重通史与重普世史的特点之不同。普世史固然必须以时间为经,但其重点却在共时性的普世的空间之纬;通史固然必须以空间为纬,但其重点却在历时性的时间之经。也就是说,西方思想中的Universal history(普世史或普遍史)与中国的“通史”概念在内涵上有很大不同。中国的“通史”思想其核心在于“穷变通久”,也就是司马迁所说的“通古今之变”。以王夫之为例,其史学著作虽属史论体,但特别注重对古今之变以及历史变化的辩证发展和深层原因的揭示,尤其是对变与常关系的深刻把握,使其成为继司马迁以来中国史学“通史精神”的又一典型代表。作为与王夫之大体同时的鲍修哀,他的史学著作虽然在内容上涵盖古今广泛的时间,但指导思想却是基督教普世史的神学观念,把历史变化归于神意,未能体现出“通古今之变”的思想,这是中西传统历史观念中的重要区别。
文摘A re-thinking of several premise issues in Chinese historiographic theory involves reconsidering and reassessing hitherto unquestioned theoretical and historical premises, re- analyzing and re-observing Chinese history with the theoretical vision of the philosophy of history, and sorting out and correcting ideas of history. It is a process of dialectical comprehension and specific application of the core values of Marxist materialist history, involving adherence to the basic traditions of materialist history in the following areas： the starting point of historical studies, methods of comparative historical research, establishment of the facts and laws of history, explanations of historical concepts and values and integration of reality, history, theory and values, so as to develop a holistic theory and method of historical observation covering a long period and a broad span.
文摘Marx probed into the laws of the evolution of world history and the international system from the perspective of grand history,incisively revealing the inherent historical dynamics and evolutionary secrets of the laws of this development and thus providing a new analytical framework for our understanding of the nature of international relations and the characteristics of the era.Compared with related international relations theories of the same period,Marx’s international outlook had a unique class standpoint and methodological principles and adopted rigorous speculative logic and lofty values.Marx conducted scientific research and dialectical analysis of the laws of evolution and the intrinsic nature of international society,especially the historical mission of the proletariat.These ideas,unique in the intellectual and theoretical spectrum of international relations,provide an intellectual guide for the innovation of Chinese diplomatic theory in the new era.
文摘Discussions on Marx＇s ＂Asiatic mode of production＂ are essentially about the relationship between the universal and the particularistic view of history. Marx adhered to the world history position, but in the course of formulating his theory of the Asiatic mode of production he moved from universal history to a particularistic view of history; whereas the shift from the ＂Russian path＂ and ＂Russian way＂ provided by the Russian revolution to Stalin＇s doctrine of the ＂five forms＂ of social development represented a return from particularistic to universal history. In developing a Chinese view of history, three elements cannot be overlooked： the Chinese pattern of historical development and China＇s present development experience; Marx＇s theory of social forms and his thoughts on Oriental society in his later years; and the ＂Russian path＂ and ＂systemic transformation＂ launched by the October Revolution.
