【目的】为了明确苹果树腐烂病菌有性态在不同生境条件下的发生情况及生物学特性,【方法】以甘肃省6市11县(区)不同生境条件下患病的苹果树病皮为试验材料,对苹果树腐烂病菌有性态的形态学、形成时间、侵染性和子囊孢子萌发条件进行研...【目的】为了明确苹果树腐烂病菌有性态在不同生境条件下的发生情况及生物学特性,【方法】以甘肃省6市11县(区)不同生境条件下患病的苹果树病皮为试验材料,对苹果树腐烂病菌有性态的形态学、形成时间、侵染性和子囊孢子萌发条件进行研究。【结果】甘肃省苹果树腐烂病原菌有性态为Valsa ceratosperma(Tode et Fr)Maire,仅分布在甘肃东部气候较湿润的天水、平凉、庆阳3地,形成时间天水在8月中下旬,平凉和庆阳在9月中下旬。平凉菌株子囊壳埋藏最深,达809.85μm,与天水、庆阳菌株差异显著。三地的有性态子囊孢子在最适条件下均可萌发,36 h内不同光照条件下,各地子囊孢子的萌发率差异不显著。子囊孢子在不同光照和不同营养条件下都能萌发,以全黑暗条件下和PDA培养基上的萌发率最高。【结论】苹果树腐烂病菌有性态分布在气候较为湿润、年平均温度较高的地区,有性态无侵染性,光照和营养条件对子囊孢子萌发有显著影响。展开更多
Through indoor culture experiments, the effects of continuous irrigation of biogas slurry on the forms and biological availability of Pb in soil of a tea garden were studied. The results show that continuous irrigatio...Through indoor culture experiments, the effects of continuous irrigation of biogas slurry on the forms and biological availability of Pb in soil of a tea garden were studied. The results show that continuous irrigation of biogas slurry could change the forms of Pb in the soil, and exchangeable Pb, Pb bonded to iron and manganese oxides, and Pb bonded to carbonates transformed to Pb bonded to or- ganic matter and residual Pb in the soil. Among various forms of Pb in the soil, the content of residual Pb was the highest in the soil irrigated with biogas slurry contin- uously in various treatments, accounting for 54.56%, 60.00% and 60.70% in the treatments T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Compared with the CK, the application of bio- gas slurry could decrease the biological activity and biological availability of Pb in the soil obviously, and the reduction of the biological activity was 21.26%-22.83%. In a word, the application of biogas slurry in soil of the tea garden could inhibit the biological activity and biological availability of Pb.展开更多
[Objective] In this study,the secretion of organic acids from plant roots under soil nutrient and water stress and the effects of organic acids on ecological adaptability of plants were investigated,which provided the...[Objective] In this study,the secretion of organic acids from plant roots under soil nutrient and water stress and the effects of organic acids on ecological adaptability of plants were investigated,which provided theoretical basis for improving the adaptability of plants to a variety of stress conditions.The results showed that,under nutrient and water stress,the content of organic acids secreted from plant roots increased significantly as a common active adaptive response.Organic acids could improve the activities of a variety of antioxidant enzymes,contents of osmotic regulatory substances,contents of chlorophyll and photosynthesis levels,promote nutrient absorption and transportation in plants,and ultimately contribute to plant growth and biomass accumulation,reduce the toxicity of stress conditions to plants and improve the stress resistance and adaptability of plants.展开更多
文摘【目的】为了明确苹果树腐烂病菌有性态在不同生境条件下的发生情况及生物学特性,【方法】以甘肃省6市11县(区)不同生境条件下患病的苹果树病皮为试验材料,对苹果树腐烂病菌有性态的形态学、形成时间、侵染性和子囊孢子萌发条件进行研究。【结果】甘肃省苹果树腐烂病原菌有性态为Valsa ceratosperma(Tode et Fr)Maire,仅分布在甘肃东部气候较湿润的天水、平凉、庆阳3地,形成时间天水在8月中下旬,平凉和庆阳在9月中下旬。平凉菌株子囊壳埋藏最深,达809.85μm,与天水、庆阳菌株差异显著。三地的有性态子囊孢子在最适条件下均可萌发,36 h内不同光照条件下,各地子囊孢子的萌发率差异不显著。子囊孢子在不同光照和不同营养条件下都能萌发,以全黑暗条件下和PDA培养基上的萌发率最高。【结论】苹果树腐烂病菌有性态分布在气候较为湿润、年平均温度较高的地区,有性态无侵染性,光照和营养条件对子囊孢子萌发有显著影响。
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Zhejiang Province(Y201328325)Public Welfare Project of Lishui City(2012JYZB47)+1 种基金Project for Highlevel Talents of Lishui City(2014RC04)Project for the Transformation of Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements(2012NZH0205)~~
文摘Through indoor culture experiments, the effects of continuous irrigation of biogas slurry on the forms and biological availability of Pb in soil of a tea garden were studied. The results show that continuous irrigation of biogas slurry could change the forms of Pb in the soil, and exchangeable Pb, Pb bonded to iron and manganese oxides, and Pb bonded to carbonates transformed to Pb bonded to or- ganic matter and residual Pb in the soil. Among various forms of Pb in the soil, the content of residual Pb was the highest in the soil irrigated with biogas slurry contin- uously in various treatments, accounting for 54.56%, 60.00% and 60.70% in the treatments T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Compared with the CK, the application of bio- gas slurry could decrease the biological activity and biological availability of Pb in the soil obviously, and the reduction of the biological activity was 21.26%-22.83%. In a word, the application of biogas slurry in soil of the tea garden could inhibit the biological activity and biological availability of Pb.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370613)Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program)(2011CB403202)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DL12CA01)~~
文摘[Objective] In this study,the secretion of organic acids from plant roots under soil nutrient and water stress and the effects of organic acids on ecological adaptability of plants were investigated,which provided theoretical basis for improving the adaptability of plants to a variety of stress conditions.The results showed that,under nutrient and water stress,the content of organic acids secreted from plant roots increased significantly as a common active adaptive response.Organic acids could improve the activities of a variety of antioxidant enzymes,contents of osmotic regulatory substances,contents of chlorophyll and photosynthesis levels,promote nutrient absorption and transportation in plants,and ultimately contribute to plant growth and biomass accumulation,reduce the toxicity of stress conditions to plants and improve the stress resistance and adaptability of plants.
