The stability of cemented backfill mass is important to keep miners and equipment safe in underground backfill miming.The stress-strain behavior, resistivity and thermal infrared(TIR) characteristics of backfill mass ...The stability of cemented backfill mass is important to keep miners and equipment safe in underground backfill miming.The stress-strain behavior, resistivity and thermal infrared(TIR) characteristics of backfill mass under uniaxial compression were investigated. The monitoring system consisted of a TIR observation system, a stress-strain monitoring system and a resistivity measurement system. Precursory information for impending failure of cemented backfill mass was collected, including TIR, strain and resistivity precursors. The sensitivity and difference of different monitoring information to the same failure event were compared.The results show that the time-space evolution process of the resistivity and TIR is basically the same as the whole process from compression deformation to failure of backfill mass, and the time variation of resistivity and TIR is obviously characterized by stage.The resistivity precursor turns out earlier than the TIR and the strain. The resistivity relation with loading compression is anti-symmetry, decreasing as the compression stress increases before the peak strength of backfill mass. However, when the backfill mass enters into the phase of failure, the resistivity starts to increase as the stress increases. The change of the resistivity growth direction can be regarded as the resistivity-caution-point for the failure of backfill mass under uniaxial compression. It is also indicated that the TIR information mainly represents the surface temperature evolution in the process of compression before the backfill enters into the plastic-yield state. It can be a valuable tool to obtain the precursors for failure of cemented backfill mass for backfill mines.展开更多
A considerable amount of tunnelling has been going on in India for various projects such as hydroelectric power, irrigation, roads and railways. Most of these projects are located in Himalayas, far away from the urban...A considerable amount of tunnelling has been going on in India for various projects such as hydroelectric power, irrigation, roads and railways. Most of these projects are located in Himalayas, far away from the urban areas. Tunnelling through weak and jointed rock masses such as the one in the Himalayas is a challenging task for the planners, designers, engineers and geologists because of high overburden, thickly vegetated surface, weak, poor and fragile rocks and highly varying geology with the presence of numerous small and big shear zones, faults, etc. Due to these reasons, various tunnelling problems have been faced in the past and are still being encountered. Failures and the problems may be regarded as challenges and opportunities for generating new knowledge base and thereby increasing self-reliance in tunnelling. The experiences of Himalayan tunnelling through weak and fragile rocks covering varying and mixed geology, understanding on tunnelling in squeezing ground conditions and applicability of TBM in Himalayas are presented. It has also been highlighted that the probe holes planning, drilling and monitoring shall be followed seriously to reduce the geological surprises.展开更多
In order to satisfy a satellite horizontality requirement in an experiment, it is indispensable to monitor and adjust the horizontality of a large platform loading the satellite under the condition of ultra-low temper...In order to satisfy a satellite horizontality requirement in an experiment, it is indispensable to monitor and adjust the horizontality of a large platform loading the satellite under the condition of ultra-low temperature with real time. So the control system design and control strategy are described in detail to accomplish the horizontality monitoring and adjusting. The system adopts the industry control computer as the upper computer and the SIEMENS S7-300 PLC as the lower computer. The upper computer that bases on industry configuration software IFIX takes charge of monitoring the platform and puts forward the control strategy. PLC takes charge of receiving the adjusting instructions and controlling the legs moving to accomplish the horizontality adjusting. The horizontality adjusting strategy is emphasized and the concept of grads is introduced to establish a mathematics model of the platform inclined state, so the adjusting method is obtained. Accordingly the key question of the automatic horizontality adjusting is solved in this control system.展开更多
The bearings in the trunnion of convertor are characterized by low-speed, heavy-load and huge-dimension. In case they experience failure in operation, the output of the convertor and even that of the whole product lin...The bearings in the trunnion of convertor are characterized by low-speed, heavy-load and huge-dimension. In case they experience failure in operation, the output of the convertor and even that of the whole product line would be affected and the huge loss would be resulted in. Thus it is very important to master the working conditions of the bearings. Vibration and oil analysis are two main techniques to monitor the conditions of the rotary machine at present. But normal vibration analysis cannot be used here because of the limitation of their sensors in signal collecting for the rotary frequencies of the bearings are too low. In this paper, the wear condition of the bearing on the driving side of the No.5 convertor during/after the run-in period was monitored through oil analysis including atomic emissive spectrum and ferrography. It has been observed that its run-in period was as long as 19 months. This is mainly attributed to the relative short accumulated working time of the bearing.展开更多
An approach is described that has been developed for auxiliary monitoring of technical condition of hydropower plant dams. It is based on analysis of changes in dynamic characteristics of dams obtained by an automated...An approach is described that has been developed for auxiliary monitoring of technical condition of hydropower plant dams. It is based on analysis of changes in dynamic characteristics of dams obtained by an automated monitoring and earthquake registration system that records microseismic vibrations of structures. The configuration of the system as well as the results of seismometric monitoring of the dam of Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power plant are described. To study behavior of the dam under normal and extreme loads it was proposed to develop a model of the dam with the use of the finite element method.展开更多
基金Projects(51504256,51004109)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(zdsys006)supported by State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines,ChinaProject(2013BAB02B04)supported by the National Science and Technology Support Plan,China
文摘The stability of cemented backfill mass is important to keep miners and equipment safe in underground backfill miming.The stress-strain behavior, resistivity and thermal infrared(TIR) characteristics of backfill mass under uniaxial compression were investigated. The monitoring system consisted of a TIR observation system, a stress-strain monitoring system and a resistivity measurement system. Precursory information for impending failure of cemented backfill mass was collected, including TIR, strain and resistivity precursors. The sensitivity and difference of different monitoring information to the same failure event were compared.The results show that the time-space evolution process of the resistivity and TIR is basically the same as the whole process from compression deformation to failure of backfill mass, and the time variation of resistivity and TIR is obviously characterized by stage.The resistivity precursor turns out earlier than the TIR and the strain. The resistivity relation with loading compression is anti-symmetry, decreasing as the compression stress increases before the peak strength of backfill mass. However, when the backfill mass enters into the phase of failure, the resistivity starts to increase as the stress increases. The change of the resistivity growth direction can be regarded as the resistivity-caution-point for the failure of backfill mass under uniaxial compression. It is also indicated that the TIR information mainly represents the surface temperature evolution in the process of compression before the backfill enters into the plastic-yield state. It can be a valuable tool to obtain the precursors for failure of cemented backfill mass for backfill mines.
文摘A considerable amount of tunnelling has been going on in India for various projects such as hydroelectric power, irrigation, roads and railways. Most of these projects are located in Himalayas, far away from the urban areas. Tunnelling through weak and jointed rock masses such as the one in the Himalayas is a challenging task for the planners, designers, engineers and geologists because of high overburden, thickly vegetated surface, weak, poor and fragile rocks and highly varying geology with the presence of numerous small and big shear zones, faults, etc. Due to these reasons, various tunnelling problems have been faced in the past and are still being encountered. Failures and the problems may be regarded as challenges and opportunities for generating new knowledge base and thereby increasing self-reliance in tunnelling. The experiences of Himalayan tunnelling through weak and fragile rocks covering varying and mixed geology, understanding on tunnelling in squeezing ground conditions and applicability of TBM in Himalayas are presented. It has also been highlighted that the probe holes planning, drilling and monitoring shall be followed seriously to reduce the geological surprises.
文摘In order to satisfy a satellite horizontality requirement in an experiment, it is indispensable to monitor and adjust the horizontality of a large platform loading the satellite under the condition of ultra-low temperature with real time. So the control system design and control strategy are described in detail to accomplish the horizontality monitoring and adjusting. The system adopts the industry control computer as the upper computer and the SIEMENS S7-300 PLC as the lower computer. The upper computer that bases on industry configuration software IFIX takes charge of monitoring the platform and puts forward the control strategy. PLC takes charge of receiving the adjusting instructions and controlling the legs moving to accomplish the horizontality adjusting. The horizontality adjusting strategy is emphasized and the concept of grads is introduced to establish a mathematics model of the platform inclined state, so the adjusting method is obtained. Accordingly the key question of the automatic horizontality adjusting is solved in this control system.
文摘The bearings in the trunnion of convertor are characterized by low-speed, heavy-load and huge-dimension. In case they experience failure in operation, the output of the convertor and even that of the whole product line would be affected and the huge loss would be resulted in. Thus it is very important to master the working conditions of the bearings. Vibration and oil analysis are two main techniques to monitor the conditions of the rotary machine at present. But normal vibration analysis cannot be used here because of the limitation of their sensors in signal collecting for the rotary frequencies of the bearings are too low. In this paper, the wear condition of the bearing on the driving side of the No.5 convertor during/after the run-in period was monitored through oil analysis including atomic emissive spectrum and ferrography. It has been observed that its run-in period was as long as 19 months. This is mainly attributed to the relative short accumulated working time of the bearing.
文摘An approach is described that has been developed for auxiliary monitoring of technical condition of hydropower plant dams. It is based on analysis of changes in dynamic characteristics of dams obtained by an automated monitoring and earthquake registration system that records microseismic vibrations of structures. The configuration of the system as well as the results of seismometric monitoring of the dam of Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power plant are described. To study behavior of the dam under normal and extreme loads it was proposed to develop a model of the dam with the use of the finite element method.
