China witnessed a warm and dry climate in 2023.The annual surface air temperature reached a new high of 10.71℃,with the hottest autumn and the second hottest summer since 1961.Meanwhile,the annual precipitation was t...China witnessed a warm and dry climate in 2023.The annual surface air temperature reached a new high of 10.71℃,with the hottest autumn and the second hottest summer since 1961.Meanwhile,the annual precipitation was the second lowest since 2012,at 615.0 mm.Precipitation was less than normal from winter to summer,but more in autumn.Consistent with the annual condition,precipitation in the flood season from May to September was also the second lowest since 2012,which was 4.3%less than normal,with the anomalies in the central and eastern parts of China being higher in central areas and lower in the north and south.On the contrary,the West China Autumn Rain brought much more rainfall than normal,with an earlier start and later end.Although there was less annual precipitation in 2023,China suffered seriously from heavy precipitation events and floods.In particular,from the end of July to the beginning of August,a rare,extremely strong rainstorm caused by Typhoon Dussuri hit Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei,causing an abrupt alteration from drought to flood conditions in North China.By contrast,Southwest China experienced continuous drought from the previous autumn to current spring.In early summer,North China and the Huanghuai region experienced the strongest high-temperature process since 1961.Nevertheless,there were more cold-air processes than normal impacting China,with the most severe of the year occurring in mid-January.Unexpectedly,in spring,there were more sand and dust occurrences in northern China.展开更多
Variations and trends in extreme climate events are more sensitive to climate change than the mean values, and so have received much attention. In this study, twelve indices of temperature extremes and 11 indices of p...Variations and trends in extreme climate events are more sensitive to climate change than the mean values, and so have received much attention. In this study, twelve indices of temperature extremes and 11 indices of precipita- tion extremes at 32 meteorological stations in Hengduan Mountains were examined for the period 1961-2008. The re- suits reveal statistically significant increases in the temperature of the warmest and coldest nights and in the frequen- cies of extreme warm days and nights. Decreases of the diurnal temperature range and the numbers of frost days and ice days are statistically significant. Regional averages of growing season length also display the trends consistent and significant with warming. At a large proportion of the stations, patterns of temperature extremes are consistent with warming since 1961： warming trends in minimum temperature indices are greater than those relating to maximum temperature. As the center of the Shaluli Mountain, the warming magnitudes decrease from inner to outer. Changes in precipitation extremes is low： trends are difficult to detect against the larger inter-annual and decadal-scale variability of precipitation, and only the wet day precipitation and the regional trend in consecutive dry days are significant at the 0.05 level. It can be concluded that the variation of extreme precipitation events is not obvious in the Hengduan Mountains, however, the regional trends generally decrease from the south to the north. Overall, the spatial distribution of temporal changes of all extreme climate indices in the Hengduan Mountains illustrated here reflects the climatic complexity in mountainous regions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant numbers 2023YFC3206001 and 2018YFC150706]the China Meteorological Administration Innovation Development Program[grant number CXFZ2024J071]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers U2342209 and 42175078].
文摘China witnessed a warm and dry climate in 2023.The annual surface air temperature reached a new high of 10.71℃,with the hottest autumn and the second hottest summer since 1961.Meanwhile,the annual precipitation was the second lowest since 2012,at 615.0 mm.Precipitation was less than normal from winter to summer,but more in autumn.Consistent with the annual condition,precipitation in the flood season from May to September was also the second lowest since 2012,which was 4.3%less than normal,with the anomalies in the central and eastern parts of China being higher in central areas and lower in the north and south.On the contrary,the West China Autumn Rain brought much more rainfall than normal,with an earlier start and later end.Although there was less annual precipitation in 2023,China suffered seriously from heavy precipitation events and floods.In particular,from the end of July to the beginning of August,a rare,extremely strong rainstorm caused by Typhoon Dussuri hit Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei,causing an abrupt alteration from drought to flood conditions in North China.By contrast,Southwest China experienced continuous drought from the previous autumn to current spring.In early summer,North China and the Huanghuai region experienced the strongest high-temperature process since 1961.Nevertheless,there were more cold-air processes than normal impacting China,with the most severe of the year occurring in mid-January.Unexpectedly,in spring,there were more sand and dust occurrences in northern China.
基金Under the auspices of West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. Y000141001)Key Program ofNational Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91025002)+1 种基金Program for Incubation of Specialists in Glaciology and Geocryology of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11J0930003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40725001,30970492)
文摘Variations and trends in extreme climate events are more sensitive to climate change than the mean values, and so have received much attention. In this study, twelve indices of temperature extremes and 11 indices of precipita- tion extremes at 32 meteorological stations in Hengduan Mountains were examined for the period 1961-2008. The re- suits reveal statistically significant increases in the temperature of the warmest and coldest nights and in the frequen- cies of extreme warm days and nights. Decreases of the diurnal temperature range and the numbers of frost days and ice days are statistically significant. Regional averages of growing season length also display the trends consistent and significant with warming. At a large proportion of the stations, patterns of temperature extremes are consistent with warming since 1961： warming trends in minimum temperature indices are greater than those relating to maximum temperature. As the center of the Shaluli Mountain, the warming magnitudes decrease from inner to outer. Changes in precipitation extremes is low： trends are difficult to detect against the larger inter-annual and decadal-scale variability of precipitation, and only the wet day precipitation and the regional trend in consecutive dry days are significant at the 0.05 level. It can be concluded that the variation of extreme precipitation events is not obvious in the Hengduan Mountains, however, the regional trends generally decrease from the south to the north. Overall, the spatial distribution of temporal changes of all extreme climate indices in the Hengduan Mountains illustrated here reflects the climatic complexity in mountainous regions.
