In the present study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation together with experimental field measurements was applied to optimize the performance of an industrial hydrocyclone at Sarcheshmeh copp...In the present study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation together with experimental field measurements was applied to optimize the performance of an industrial hydrocyclone at Sarcheshmeh copper complex. In the simulation, the Eulerian–Eulerian approach was used for solid and liquid phases, the latter being water. In this approach, nine continuous phases were considered for the solid particles with different sizes and one continuous phase for water. The continuity and momentum equations with inclusion of buoyancy and drag forces were solved by the finite volume method. The k–e RNG turbulence model was used for modeling of turbulency. There was a good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental data. After validation of the model accuracy, the effect of inlet solid percentage, pulp inlet velocity, rod inserting in the middle of the hydrocyclone and apex diameter on hydrocyclone performance was investigated. The results showed that by decreasing the inlet solid percentage and increasing the pulp inlet velocity, the efficiency of hydrocyclone increased. Decreasing the apex diameter caused an increase in the hydrocyclone efficiency.展开更多
The precision modeling of dam break floods can lead to formulation of proper emergency action plan to minimize flood impacts within the economic lifetime of the assets.Application of GIS techniques in integration with...The precision modeling of dam break floods can lead to formulation of proper emergency action plan to minimize flood impacts within the economic lifetime of the assets.Application of GIS techniques in integration with hydrological modeling for mapping of the flood inundated areas can play a momentous role in further minimizing the risk and likely damages.In the present study,dam break analysis using DAMBRK model was performed under various likely scenarios.Probable Maximum Flood (PMF)calculated for a return period of 1000 years using deterministic approach was adopted for dam break analysis of the proposed dam under various combinations of breach dimensions.The available downstream river cross-sections data sets were used as input in the model to generate the downstream flood profile.Dam break flow depths generated by the DAMBRK model under various combinations of structural failure are subsequently plotted on Digital Elevation Model(DEM)of the downstream of dam site to map the likely affected area.The simulation results reveals that in one particular case the flood without dam may be more intense if a rainfall of significant intensity takes place.展开更多
We present a highly efficient lattice Boltzmann model for simulating compressible flows. This model is based on the combination of an appropriate finite difference scheme, a 16-discrete-velocity model [Kataoka and Tsu...We present a highly efficient lattice Boltzmann model for simulating compressible flows. This model is based on the combination of an appropriate finite difference scheme, a 16-discrete-velocity model [Kataoka and Tsutahara, Phys. Rev. E 69 （2004） 035701（R）] and reasonable dispersion and dissipation terms. The dispersion term effectively reduces the oscillation at the discontinuity and enhances numerical precision. The dissipation term makes the new model more easily meet with the yon Neumann stability condition. This model works for both high-speed and low-speed flows with arbitrary specific-heat-ratio. With the new model simulation results for the well-known benchmark problems get a high accuracy compared with the analytic or experimental ones. The used benchmark tests include （i） Shock tubes such as the Sod, Lax, Sjogreen, Colella explosion wave, and collision of two strong shocks, （ii） Regular and Mach shock reflections, and （iii） Shock wave reaction on cylindrical bubble problems. With a more realistic equation of state or free-energy functional, the new model has the potential tostudy the complex procedure of shock wave reaction on porous materials.展开更多
The sub-pixel impervious surface percentage(SPIS) is the fraction of impervious surface area in one pixel,and it is an important indicator of urbanization.Using remote sensing data,the spatial distribution of SPIS val...The sub-pixel impervious surface percentage(SPIS) is the fraction of impervious surface area in one pixel,and it is an important indicator of urbanization.Using remote sensing data,the spatial distribution of SPIS values over large areas can be extracted,and these data are significant for studies of urban climate,environment and hydrology.To develop a stabilized,multi-temporal SPIS estimation method suitable for typical temperate semi-arid climate zones with distinct seasons,an optimal model for estimating SPIS values within Beijing Municipality was built that is based on the classification and regression tree(CART) algorithm.First,models with different input variables for SPIS estimation were built by integrating multi-source remote sensing data with other auxiliary data.The optimal model was selected through the analysis and comparison of the assessed accuracy of these models.Subsequently,multi-temporal SPIS mapping was carried out based on the optimal model.The results are as follows:1) multi-seasonal images and nighttime light(NTL) data are the optimal input variables for SPIS estimation within Beijing Municipality,where the intra-annual variability in vegetation is distinct.The different spectral characteristics in the cultivated land caused by the different farming characteristics and vegetation phenology can be detected by the multi-seasonal images effectively.NLT data can effectively reduce the misestimation caused by the spectral similarity between bare land and impervious surfaces.After testing,the SPIS modeling correlation coefficient(r) is approximately 0.86,the average error(AE) is approximately 12.8%,and the relative error(RE) is approximately 0.39.2) The SPIS results have been divided into areas with high-density impervious cover(70%–100%),medium-density impervious cover(40%–70%),low-density impervious cover(10%–40%) and natural cover(0%–10%).The SPIS model performed better in estimating values for high-density urban areas than other categories.3) Multi-temporal SPIS mapping(1991–2016) was conducted based on the optimized SPIS results for 2005.After testing,AE ranges from 12.7% to 15.2%,RE ranges from 0.39 to 0.46,and r ranges from 0.81 to 0.86.It is demonstrated that the proposed approach for estimating sub-pixel level impervious surface by integrating the CART algorithm and multi-source remote sensing data is feasible and suitable for multi-temporal SPIS mapping of areas with distinct intra-annual variability in vegetation.展开更多
In conventional chromite beneficiation plant, huge quantity of chromite is used to loss in the form of tailing. For recovery these valuable mineral, a gravity concentrator viz. wet shaking table was used.Optimisation ...In conventional chromite beneficiation plant, huge quantity of chromite is used to loss in the form of tailing. For recovery these valuable mineral, a gravity concentrator viz. wet shaking table was used.Optimisation along with performance prediction of the unit operation is necessary for efficient recovery.So, in this present study, an artificial neural network(ANN) modeling approach was attempted for predicting the performance of wet shaking table in terms of grade(%) and recovery(%). A three layer feed forward neural network(3:3–11–2:2) was developed by varying the major operating parameters such as wash water flow rate(L/min), deck tilt angle(degree) and slurry feed rate(L/h). The predicted value obtained by the neural network model shows excellent agreement with the experimental values.展开更多
This paper firstly investigated the land-use and land-cover change （LUCC） in the Hun-Taizi River water- shed, Northeast China from 1988 to 2004 based on remotely sensed images and geographic information systems （GI...This paper firstly investigated the land-use and land-cover change （LUCC） in the Hun-Taizi River water- shed, Northeast China from 1988 to 2004 based on remotely sensed images and geographic information systems （GIS） technology. Then, using the famous land-use change model of Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at Small re- gional extent （CLUE-S）, this paper simulated the land use changes under historical trend （HT）, urban planning （UP） and ecological protection （EP） scenarios considering urban planning and ecological protection over the next 20 years. The simulated results under UP scenario in 2020 were compared with the planning map to assess the feasibility of us- ing land-use change model to guide regional planning. Results show that forest land, dry farmland, paddy, and shrub land were the main land-use categories. Paddy and dry farmland being converted to urban area and rural settlement characterized the land-use change from 1988 to 2004. The main land-use categories changed over time. Landscape-pattem fragmentation will be worse under HT and UP scenarios, but better in EP scenario. The comparing results of simulated map with planning map in 2020 show that land-use change model is powerful tool to guide regional planning. Land-use scenarios can support regional planning and policy-making through analyzing future consequences scientifically.展开更多
Considering that the performance of a genetic algorithm （GA） is affected by many factors and their rela-tionships are complex and hard to be described,a novel fuzzy-based adaptive genetic algorithm （FAGA） combined...Considering that the performance of a genetic algorithm （GA） is affected by many factors and their rela-tionships are complex and hard to be described,a novel fuzzy-based adaptive genetic algorithm （FAGA） combined a new artificial immune system with fuzzy system theory is proposed due to the fact fuzzy theory can describe high complex problems.In FAGA,immune theory is used to improve the performance of selection operation.And,crossover probability and mutation probability are adjusted dynamically by fuzzy inferences,which are developed according to the heuristic fuzzy relationship between algorithm performances and control parameters.The experi-ments show that FAGA can efficiently overcome shortcomings of GA,i.e.,premature and slow,and obtain better results than two typical fuzzy GAs.Finally,FAGA was used for the parameters estimation of reaction kinetics model and the satisfactory result was obtained.展开更多
This paper presents the STAMP （system-theoretic accident modeling and processes） accident model, based on systems theory, and describes its application in the context of risk prevention related to the remediation of...This paper presents the STAMP （system-theoretic accident modeling and processes） accident model, based on systems theory, and describes its application in the context of risk prevention related to the remediation of contaminated sediments. The implementation of the model is described, and results are presented both in methodological and technical terms. The goal of this article is to emphasize the need of new approaches to take into account hazards and accidents within socio-technical systems.展开更多
To effectively predict the permeability index of smelting process in the imperial smelting furnace, an intelligent prediction model is proposed. It integrates the case-based reasoning （CBR） with adaptive par- ticle ...To effectively predict the permeability index of smelting process in the imperial smelting furnace, an intelligent prediction model is proposed. It integrates the case-based reasoning （CBR） with adaptive par- ticle swarm optimization （PSO）. The nmnber of nearest neighbors and the weighted features vector are optimized online using the adaptive PSO to improve the prediction accuracy of CBR. The adaptive inertia weight and mutation operation are used to overcome the premature convergence of the PSO. The proposed method is validated a compared with the basic weighted CBR. The results show that the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy and better performance than the basic CBR model.展开更多
Gently dipping fractures subjected to river incision are widely distributed on rock slopes.In this paper,a rock slope on the Nujiang River(China)is investigated to study the role of gently dipping fractures in the roc...Gently dipping fractures subjected to river incision are widely distributed on rock slopes.In this paper,a rock slope on the Nujiang River(China)is investigated to study the role of gently dipping fractures in the rock slopes evolution.Detailed field surveys indicate that gentle fractures are concentrated in four main zones.Moreover,the kinematics of the fracture system suggest that the genesis of these fractures can be synthesized into a progressive evolution model.This model indicates that the joints begin with the formation of an array of en echelon cracks that are subjected to continued crack elongation and shearing before ultimately approaching one another and interacting to form a complex joint system.Geomechanical analysis is performed to reveal the mechanisms of this genesis,and three main fracture patterns are identified based on the slope stress and are classified with respect to the slope evolution.Based on the detail field investigations and the evolutionary history of the river valley,we propose that intermittent incision by the river was the main factor contributing to the concentrated distribution of gently dipping joints.展开更多
In this study, the ability of dynamical downscaling for reduction of artificial climate trends in global reanalysis is tested in China. Dynamical downscaling is performed using a 60-km horizontal resolution Regional I...In this study, the ability of dynamical downscaling for reduction of artificial climate trends in global reanalysis is tested in China. Dynamical downscaling is performed using a 60-km horizontal resolution Regional Integrated Environmental Model System （RIEMS） forced by the NCEP-Department of Energy （DOE） reanalysis II （NCEP-2）. The results show that this regional climate model （RCM） can not only produce dynamically consis- tent fine scale fields of atmosphere and land surface in the regional domain, but it also has the ability to minimize artificial climate trends existing in the global reanalysis to a certain extent. As compared to the observed 2-meter temperature anomaly averaged across China, our model can simulate the observed inter-annual variation and variability as well as reduce artificial climate trends in the reanalysis by approximately 0.10℃ decade-1 from 1980 to 2007. The RIEMS can effectively reduce artificial trends in global reanalysis for areas in western China, especially for regions with high altitude mountains and deserts, as well as introduce some new spurious changes in other local regions. The model simulations overesti- mated observed winter trends for most areas in eastern China with the exception of the Tibetan Plateau, and it greatly overestimated observed summer trends in the Si- chuan Basin located in southwest China. This implies that the dynamical downscaling of RCM for long-term trends has certain seasonal and regional dependencies due to imperfect physical processes and parameterizations.展开更多
In order to solve the problem of artificial generation and low efficiency of test sequences for zone controller (ZC), a model-based automatic generation method of test sequence is proposed. Firstly, the timed automata...In order to solve the problem of artificial generation and low efficiency of test sequences for zone controller (ZC), a model-based automatic generation method of test sequence is proposed. Firstly, the timed automata model is established based on function analysis of the zone controller, and the correctness of the model is verified by UPPAAL. Then by parsing the timed automata model files, state information and transition conditions can be extracted to generate test case sets. Finally, according to the serialization conditions of test cases, the test cases are serialized into test sequences by using the improved depth first search algorithm. A case, the ZC controls the train running within its jurisdiction, shows that the method is correct and can effectively improve the efficiency of test sequence generation.展开更多
This paper presents a case study that demonstrates how models can be used to support water management decisions before sufficient data to verify the model are available. In developing areas, and for new reservoirs, ex...This paper presents a case study that demonstrates how models can be used to support water management decisions before sufficient data to verify the model are available. In developing areas, and for new reservoirs, extensive data for model calibration and validation are often not available. As a case study we developed a CE-QUAL-W2 model of Aguamilpa Reservoir using minimal data and used the model to create a data acquisition plan to support early planning decisions. We based the model on a two-year period and compared the model results to data recently collected with our acquisition plan. We present how we developed and used the model to design the data acquisition plan which identifies and collects data to update and calibrate the model to support future decisions. We show that a minimally calibrated model based on scarce data can support management decisions and be the first step in a spiral engineering approach to system management. Spiral engineering uses models and data to both support early decisions and to iteratively improve this information to support subsequent decisions and models. This case study can be used as a guide for developing water quality models with minimal data and uses the models to support early decision requirements.展开更多
The flipped classroom as a new teaching mode has provided a new thought for the development of teaching and learning. This paper first introduces the concept and features of flipped classrooms, and then compares some ...The flipped classroom as a new teaching mode has provided a new thought for the development of teaching and learning. This paper first introduces the concept and features of flipped classrooms, and then compares some typical cases of flipped classrooms at home and abroad. Based on this, this paper introduces the business analysis method --SWOT analysis, to analyzes the strengths and weaknesses as well as the opportunities and threats of flipped classroom application in China. In addition, enlightenment on the application of flipped classroom in theory and teaching practice are provided in the final part of the paper.展开更多
The China’s Earthquake Cases and Disaster Information System based on GIS (MapECDIS 2002 for Windows) is a GIS system developed to provide a tool for the government and the public to inquire and learn about disaster ...The China’s Earthquake Cases and Disaster Information System based on GIS (MapECDIS 2002 for Windows) is a GIS system developed to provide a tool for the government and the public to inquire and learn about disaster information (since 2221BC) and case study results (since 1966) of destructive earthquakes in China. The system is expected to be helpful, as an applied supplementary tool, for scientists and management personnel in earthquake prediction practice, seismological research and earthquake disaster research. The design idea and main functions of the system are introduced in the paper.展开更多
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of advertising through social media （i.e., Facebook）. Mie Jupe Jombang has applied using an analytical method called EPIC Model. The population of this study points t...This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of advertising through social media （i.e., Facebook）. Mie Jupe Jombang has applied using an analytical method called EPIC Model. The population of this study points to 5,000 people found as consumers and engaged as facebook friends of Mie Jupe Jombang. Using purposive sampling technique, 100 respondents are collected as the total sample of this study. They are scattered in Jombang regency and engaged with Mie Jupe Jombang＇s Facebook account as friends that apparently seems to advertise Mie Jupe Jombang. This study uses descriptive analysis method with EPIC model （Empathy, Persuation, Impact, and Communication）. The result of analysis shows that the variables of EPIC Model （Empathy, Persuation, Impact and Communication） are found quite effective. Overall, this fmding concludes that the advertising of Mie Jupe Jombang is quite effective.展开更多
Widespread hotels represent a new Italian phenomenon still not much investigated, both on theoretical and empirical side, which cannot be ignored anymore. Indeed they meet the need to implement techniques and manageme...Widespread hotels represent a new Italian phenomenon still not much investigated, both on theoretical and empirical side, which cannot be ignored anymore. Indeed they meet the need to implement techniques and management tools which are able to improve the culture-tourism binomial. This would permit to transform into valid instruments of national economical development, the shared declaration of intents for which culture and tourism, especially in Italy and in this particular fragile period, represent even more the main strategic levers for the sustainable development. This article intends to describe the potentiality of these widespread hotels as innovations particularly suitable with trends recently emerged in tourism sector and outline the phenomenon pattern in ltaly with particular attention on Umbria region, in order to identify his main strength and weakness and some innovation to improve performance. To this end, it starts from the analysis of the national and international economic-managerial literature concerning in particular cultural and experienced trends shown in tourism. Then it introduces the main acquisitions about widespread hotels in Italy, updating and extending them through a desk survey based on indirect sources of various natures. Lastly, it describes the case of Umbria, analyzing more in depth making use of interviews with entrepreneurs/managers of hotels and based on a semi-structured questionnaire. The aspects of indeterminateness which were found, starting from the normative one, testify how the potentiality of the widespread hotels as far as regards the value creation for the enterprise itself and the territorial stakeholder, are still not properly understood and therefore used. It is clear that, therefore, new behaviors are needed for entrepreneurs and, most importantly, for local policy makers in order to create the conditions for the full success of these hospitality models.展开更多
This paper proposes and examines four basic organizational modes of production fragmentation＇in manufacturing industries based on three case studies. Our study shows that manufacturing enterprises weigh technology an...This paper proposes and examines four basic organizational modes of production fragmentation＇in manufacturing industries based on three case studies. Our study shows that manufacturing enterprises weigh technology and cost against the intensity of market competition in their choice of mode and the corresponding extent of production fragmentation, in industries where competition is less intense, enterprises prioritize technology concern and are inclined to choose an internally integrated organizational mode, characterized by independent investment in building their own manufacturing plants. In industries where competition is more intense, enterprises prioritize cost concern and are inclined to adopt an outsourcing-based organizational mode, characterized by maximizing the usage of third-party facilities. In sum, more intense competition prompts enterprises to seek efficiency by relying on a broader range of manufacturing locations, suppliers, and partners and, thus, to adopt more open organizational modes. We argue that a deeper understanding of how enterprises select organizational modes, combined with strategic policy aimed at promoting openness in manufacturing industries, will enhance the role of China＇s industries in the global production chain.展开更多
文摘In the present study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation together with experimental field measurements was applied to optimize the performance of an industrial hydrocyclone at Sarcheshmeh copper complex. In the simulation, the Eulerian–Eulerian approach was used for solid and liquid phases, the latter being water. In this approach, nine continuous phases were considered for the solid particles with different sizes and one continuous phase for water. The continuity and momentum equations with inclusion of buoyancy and drag forces were solved by the finite volume method. The k–e RNG turbulence model was used for modeling of turbulency. There was a good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental data. After validation of the model accuracy, the effect of inlet solid percentage, pulp inlet velocity, rod inserting in the middle of the hydrocyclone and apex diameter on hydrocyclone performance was investigated. The results showed that by decreasing the inlet solid percentage and increasing the pulp inlet velocity, the efficiency of hydrocyclone increased. Decreasing the apex diameter caused an increase in the hydrocyclone efficiency.
文摘The precision modeling of dam break floods can lead to formulation of proper emergency action plan to minimize flood impacts within the economic lifetime of the assets.Application of GIS techniques in integration with hydrological modeling for mapping of the flood inundated areas can play a momentous role in further minimizing the risk and likely damages.In the present study,dam break analysis using DAMBRK model was performed under various likely scenarios.Probable Maximum Flood (PMF)calculated for a return period of 1000 years using deterministic approach was adopted for dam break analysis of the proposed dam under various combinations of breach dimensions.The available downstream river cross-sections data sets were used as input in the model to generate the downstream flood profile.Dam break flow depths generated by the DAMBRK model under various combinations of structural failure are subsequently plotted on Digital Elevation Model(DEM)of the downstream of dam site to map the likely affected area.The simulation results reveals that in one particular case the flood without dam may be more intense if a rainfall of significant intensity takes place.
基金Supported by the Science Foundations of LCP and CAEP under Grant Nos.2009A0102005 and 2009B0101012the National Basic Research Program (973 Program) under Grant No.2007CB815105the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos.10775018,10702010,and 10775088
文摘We present a highly efficient lattice Boltzmann model for simulating compressible flows. This model is based on the combination of an appropriate finite difference scheme, a 16-discrete-velocity model [Kataoka and Tsutahara, Phys. Rev. E 69 （2004） 035701（R）] and reasonable dispersion and dissipation terms. The dispersion term effectively reduces the oscillation at the discontinuity and enhances numerical precision. The dissipation term makes the new model more easily meet with the yon Neumann stability condition. This model works for both high-speed and low-speed flows with arbitrary specific-heat-ratio. With the new model simulation results for the well-known benchmark problems get a high accuracy compared with the analytic or experimental ones. The used benchmark tests include （i） Shock tubes such as the Sod, Lax, Sjogreen, Colella explosion wave, and collision of two strong shocks, （ii） Regular and Mach shock reflections, and （iii） Shock wave reaction on cylindrical bubble problems. With a more realistic equation of state or free-energy functional, the new model has the potential tostudy the complex procedure of shock wave reaction on porous materials.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41671339)
文摘The sub-pixel impervious surface percentage(SPIS) is the fraction of impervious surface area in one pixel,and it is an important indicator of urbanization.Using remote sensing data,the spatial distribution of SPIS values over large areas can be extracted,and these data are significant for studies of urban climate,environment and hydrology.To develop a stabilized,multi-temporal SPIS estimation method suitable for typical temperate semi-arid climate zones with distinct seasons,an optimal model for estimating SPIS values within Beijing Municipality was built that is based on the classification and regression tree(CART) algorithm.First,models with different input variables for SPIS estimation were built by integrating multi-source remote sensing data with other auxiliary data.The optimal model was selected through the analysis and comparison of the assessed accuracy of these models.Subsequently,multi-temporal SPIS mapping was carried out based on the optimal model.The results are as follows:1) multi-seasonal images and nighttime light(NTL) data are the optimal input variables for SPIS estimation within Beijing Municipality,where the intra-annual variability in vegetation is distinct.The different spectral characteristics in the cultivated land caused by the different farming characteristics and vegetation phenology can be detected by the multi-seasonal images effectively.NLT data can effectively reduce the misestimation caused by the spectral similarity between bare land and impervious surfaces.After testing,the SPIS modeling correlation coefficient(r) is approximately 0.86,the average error(AE) is approximately 12.8%,and the relative error(RE) is approximately 0.39.2) The SPIS results have been divided into areas with high-density impervious cover(70%–100%),medium-density impervious cover(40%–70%),low-density impervious cover(10%–40%) and natural cover(0%–10%).The SPIS model performed better in estimating values for high-density urban areas than other categories.3) Multi-temporal SPIS mapping(1991–2016) was conducted based on the optimized SPIS results for 2005.After testing,AE ranges from 12.7% to 15.2%,RE ranges from 0.39 to 0.46,and r ranges from 0.81 to 0.86.It is demonstrated that the proposed approach for estimating sub-pixel level impervious surface by integrating the CART algorithm and multi-source remote sensing data is feasible and suitable for multi-temporal SPIS mapping of areas with distinct intra-annual variability in vegetation.
文摘In conventional chromite beneficiation plant, huge quantity of chromite is used to loss in the form of tailing. For recovery these valuable mineral, a gravity concentrator viz. wet shaking table was used.Optimisation along with performance prediction of the unit operation is necessary for efficient recovery.So, in this present study, an artificial neural network(ANN) modeling approach was attempted for predicting the performance of wet shaking table in terms of grade(%) and recovery(%). A three layer feed forward neural network(3:3–11–2:2) was developed by varying the major operating parameters such as wash water flow rate(L/min), deck tilt angle(degree) and slurry feed rate(L/h). The predicted value obtained by the neural network model shows excellent agreement with the experimental values.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40801069)Special Research Program for Public-welfare Forestry of China(No.200804001)
文摘This paper firstly investigated the land-use and land-cover change （LUCC） in the Hun-Taizi River water- shed, Northeast China from 1988 to 2004 based on remotely sensed images and geographic information systems （GIS） technology. Then, using the famous land-use change model of Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at Small re- gional extent （CLUE-S）, this paper simulated the land use changes under historical trend （HT）, urban planning （UP） and ecological protection （EP） scenarios considering urban planning and ecological protection over the next 20 years. The simulated results under UP scenario in 2020 were compared with the planning map to assess the feasibility of us- ing land-use change model to guide regional planning. Results show that forest land, dry farmland, paddy, and shrub land were the main land-use categories. Paddy and dry farmland being converted to urban area and rural settlement characterized the land-use change from 1988 to 2004. The main land-use categories changed over time. Landscape-pattem fragmentation will be worse under HT and UP scenarios, but better in EP scenario. The comparing results of simulated map with planning map in 2020 show that land-use change model is powerful tool to guide regional planning. Land-use scenarios can support regional planning and policy-making through analyzing future consequences scientifically.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（20776042） the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China（2007AA04Z164）+3 种基金 the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China（20090074110005） the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University（NCET-09-0346） the＂Shu Guang＂Project（095G29） Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project（B504）
文摘Considering that the performance of a genetic algorithm （GA） is affected by many factors and their rela-tionships are complex and hard to be described,a novel fuzzy-based adaptive genetic algorithm （FAGA） combined a new artificial immune system with fuzzy system theory is proposed due to the fact fuzzy theory can describe high complex problems.In FAGA,immune theory is used to improve the performance of selection operation.And,crossover probability and mutation probability are adjusted dynamically by fuzzy inferences,which are developed according to the heuristic fuzzy relationship between algorithm performances and control parameters.The experi-ments show that FAGA can efficiently overcome shortcomings of GA,i.e.,premature and slow,and obtain better results than two typical fuzzy GAs.Finally,FAGA was used for the parameters estimation of reaction kinetics model and the satisfactory result was obtained.
文摘This paper presents the STAMP （system-theoretic accident modeling and processes） accident model, based on systems theory, and describes its application in the context of risk prevention related to the remediation of contaminated sediments. The implementation of the model is described, and results are presented both in methodological and technical terms. The goal of this article is to emphasize the need of new approaches to take into account hazards and accidents within socio-technical systems.
基金supported by the by the National Natural Science Foundation(No.60874069,60634020)the National High Technology Research and Development Programme of China(No.2009AA04Z124)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.09JJ3122)
文摘To effectively predict the permeability index of smelting process in the imperial smelting furnace, an intelligent prediction model is proposed. It integrates the case-based reasoning （CBR） with adaptive par- ticle swarm optimization （PSO）. The nmnber of nearest neighbors and the weighted features vector are optimized online using the adaptive PSO to improve the prediction accuracy of CBR. The adaptive inertia weight and mutation operation are used to overcome the premature convergence of the PSO. The proposed method is validated a compared with the basic weighted CBR. The results show that the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy and better performance than the basic CBR model.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41521002 41130745+2 种基金 41272330)State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Independent Research Project (Grant No. SKLGP2016Z015)supported by the Funding of Science and Technology Office of Sichuan Province (Grant Nos. 2015JQ0020)
文摘Gently dipping fractures subjected to river incision are widely distributed on rock slopes.In this paper,a rock slope on the Nujiang River(China)is investigated to study the role of gently dipping fractures in the rock slopes evolution.Detailed field surveys indicate that gentle fractures are concentrated in four main zones.Moreover,the kinematics of the fracture system suggest that the genesis of these fractures can be synthesized into a progressive evolution model.This model indicates that the joints begin with the formation of an array of en echelon cracks that are subjected to continued crack elongation and shearing before ultimately approaching one another and interacting to form a complex joint system.Geomechanical analysis is performed to reveal the mechanisms of this genesis,and three main fracture patterns are identified based on the slope stress and are classified with respect to the slope evolution.Based on the detail field investigations and the evolutionary history of the river valley,we propose that intermittent incision by the river was the main factor contributing to the concentrated distribution of gently dipping joints.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No. KGCX2-YW-356)the R & D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Meteorology) (Grant No. GYHY201006023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40805032)
文摘In this study, the ability of dynamical downscaling for reduction of artificial climate trends in global reanalysis is tested in China. Dynamical downscaling is performed using a 60-km horizontal resolution Regional Integrated Environmental Model System （RIEMS） forced by the NCEP-Department of Energy （DOE） reanalysis II （NCEP-2）. The results show that this regional climate model （RCM） can not only produce dynamically consis- tent fine scale fields of atmosphere and land surface in the regional domain, but it also has the ability to minimize artificial climate trends existing in the global reanalysis to a certain extent. As compared to the observed 2-meter temperature anomaly averaged across China, our model can simulate the observed inter-annual variation and variability as well as reduce artificial climate trends in the reanalysis by approximately 0.10℃ decade-1 from 1980 to 2007. The RIEMS can effectively reduce artificial trends in global reanalysis for areas in western China, especially for regions with high altitude mountains and deserts, as well as introduce some new spurious changes in other local regions. The model simulations overesti- mated observed winter trends for most areas in eastern China with the exception of the Tibetan Plateau, and it greatly overestimated observed summer trends in the Si- chuan Basin located in southwest China. This implies that the dynamical downscaling of RCM for long-term trends has certain seasonal and regional dependencies due to imperfect physical processes and parameterizations.
文摘In order to solve the problem of artificial generation and low efficiency of test sequences for zone controller (ZC), a model-based automatic generation method of test sequence is proposed. Firstly, the timed automata model is established based on function analysis of the zone controller, and the correctness of the model is verified by UPPAAL. Then by parsing the timed automata model files, state information and transition conditions can be extracted to generate test case sets. Finally, according to the serialization conditions of test cases, the test cases are serialized into test sequences by using the improved depth first search algorithm. A case, the ZC controls the train running within its jurisdiction, shows that the method is correct and can effectively improve the efficiency of test sequence generation.
文摘This paper presents a case study that demonstrates how models can be used to support water management decisions before sufficient data to verify the model are available. In developing areas, and for new reservoirs, extensive data for model calibration and validation are often not available. As a case study we developed a CE-QUAL-W2 model of Aguamilpa Reservoir using minimal data and used the model to create a data acquisition plan to support early planning decisions. We based the model on a two-year period and compared the model results to data recently collected with our acquisition plan. We present how we developed and used the model to design the data acquisition plan which identifies and collects data to update and calibrate the model to support future decisions. We show that a minimally calibrated model based on scarce data can support management decisions and be the first step in a spiral engineering approach to system management. Spiral engineering uses models and data to both support early decisions and to iteratively improve this information to support subsequent decisions and models. This case study can be used as a guide for developing water quality models with minimal data and uses the models to support early decision requirements.
文摘The flipped classroom as a new teaching mode has provided a new thought for the development of teaching and learning. This paper first introduces the concept and features of flipped classrooms, and then compares some typical cases of flipped classrooms at home and abroad. Based on this, this paper introduces the business analysis method --SWOT analysis, to analyzes the strengths and weaknesses as well as the opportunities and threats of flipped classroom application in China. In addition, enlightenment on the application of flipped classroom in theory and teaching practice are provided in the final part of the paper.
文摘The China’s Earthquake Cases and Disaster Information System based on GIS (MapECDIS 2002 for Windows) is a GIS system developed to provide a tool for the government and the public to inquire and learn about disaster information (since 2221BC) and case study results (since 1966) of destructive earthquakes in China. The system is expected to be helpful, as an applied supplementary tool, for scientists and management personnel in earthquake prediction practice, seismological research and earthquake disaster research. The design idea and main functions of the system are introduced in the paper.
文摘This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of advertising through social media （i.e., Facebook）. Mie Jupe Jombang has applied using an analytical method called EPIC Model. The population of this study points to 5,000 people found as consumers and engaged as facebook friends of Mie Jupe Jombang. Using purposive sampling technique, 100 respondents are collected as the total sample of this study. They are scattered in Jombang regency and engaged with Mie Jupe Jombang＇s Facebook account as friends that apparently seems to advertise Mie Jupe Jombang. This study uses descriptive analysis method with EPIC model （Empathy, Persuation, Impact, and Communication）. The result of analysis shows that the variables of EPIC Model （Empathy, Persuation, Impact and Communication） are found quite effective. Overall, this fmding concludes that the advertising of Mie Jupe Jombang is quite effective.
文摘Widespread hotels represent a new Italian phenomenon still not much investigated, both on theoretical and empirical side, which cannot be ignored anymore. Indeed they meet the need to implement techniques and management tools which are able to improve the culture-tourism binomial. This would permit to transform into valid instruments of national economical development, the shared declaration of intents for which culture and tourism, especially in Italy and in this particular fragile period, represent even more the main strategic levers for the sustainable development. This article intends to describe the potentiality of these widespread hotels as innovations particularly suitable with trends recently emerged in tourism sector and outline the phenomenon pattern in ltaly with particular attention on Umbria region, in order to identify his main strength and weakness and some innovation to improve performance. To this end, it starts from the analysis of the national and international economic-managerial literature concerning in particular cultural and experienced trends shown in tourism. Then it introduces the main acquisitions about widespread hotels in Italy, updating and extending them through a desk survey based on indirect sources of various natures. Lastly, it describes the case of Umbria, analyzing more in depth making use of interviews with entrepreneurs/managers of hotels and based on a semi-structured questionnaire. The aspects of indeterminateness which were found, starting from the normative one, testify how the potentiality of the widespread hotels as far as regards the value creation for the enterprise itself and the territorial stakeholder, are still not properly understood and therefore used. It is clear that, therefore, new behaviors are needed for entrepreneurs and, most importantly, for local policy makers in order to create the conditions for the full success of these hospitality models.
文摘This paper proposes and examines four basic organizational modes of production fragmentation＇in manufacturing industries based on three case studies. Our study shows that manufacturing enterprises weigh technology and cost against the intensity of market competition in their choice of mode and the corresponding extent of production fragmentation, in industries where competition is less intense, enterprises prioritize technology concern and are inclined to choose an internally integrated organizational mode, characterized by independent investment in building their own manufacturing plants. In industries where competition is more intense, enterprises prioritize cost concern and are inclined to adopt an outsourcing-based organizational mode, characterized by maximizing the usage of third-party facilities. In sum, more intense competition prompts enterprises to seek efficiency by relying on a broader range of manufacturing locations, suppliers, and partners and, thus, to adopt more open organizational modes. We argue that a deeper understanding of how enterprises select organizational modes, combined with strategic policy aimed at promoting openness in manufacturing industries, will enhance the role of China＇s industries in the global production chain.
