The problem of coffin ties and ornaments is of important value in the study of mourning ritual. Taking the records on the "Three Rituals" as clues and combining this evidence with material data from Chu tomb...The problem of coffin ties and ornaments is of important value in the study of mourning ritual. Taking the records on the "Three Rituals" as clues and combining this evidence with material data from Chu tombs of the Warring States period, the present paper makes a research on coffin ties and or-naments in the mourning ritual of the Chu Land during the Warring States period. Based on the study of their material, form and banding manner, the author researches coffin ties as to their function and comes to the conclusion that the "coffin tie" and the "coffin-carriage tie" are different concepts. As regards coffin ornaments in mourning ritual among the Chu people, their making technique, disposing pattern and ranking system were not completely identical with their counterparts in the Central Plains, which must reflect regional and chronological difference.展开更多
The institution of decorating coffins was a part of funeral ritual in the pre-Qin period and featured strict hierarchy. One of its versions was the practice of decorating coffins with bi discs. Jade bi as funeral obje...The institution of decorating coffins was a part of funeral ritual in the pre-Qin period and featured strict hierarchy. One of its versions was the practice of decorating coffins with bi discs. Jade bi as funeral objects are often seen in Chu State tombs, and many of them are placed outside coffins,which, however, remains beyond researchers' attention as the coffins have been rotted or robbed in most cases. In Chu Tomb No. 2 at Baoshan, the coffin-furnishing institution and the exact place of jade bi are seen rather clear. The finds indicate that the jade bi must have been fixed as coffin decorations outside the inner coffin, on the end wall. It is very likely that they were intended to function as the opening for the spirits of the deceased to pass through. The use of bi as funeral objects can be traced to the Hongshan and Liangzhu cultures, and was followed in the Han period. But the institution of decorating coffins with bi in the Han dynasty paled before the previous one in both function and religious sense. On the one hand, the bi for coffin decoration were largely not real and were transformed towards a design; on the other, the number of bi and the place where they were fixed were decided extremely at will.展开更多
文摘The problem of coffin ties and ornaments is of important value in the study of mourning ritual. Taking the records on the "Three Rituals" as clues and combining this evidence with material data from Chu tombs of the Warring States period, the present paper makes a research on coffin ties and or-naments in the mourning ritual of the Chu Land during the Warring States period. Based on the study of their material, form and banding manner, the author researches coffin ties as to their function and comes to the conclusion that the "coffin tie" and the "coffin-carriage tie" are different concepts. As regards coffin ornaments in mourning ritual among the Chu people, their making technique, disposing pattern and ranking system were not completely identical with their counterparts in the Central Plains, which must reflect regional and chronological difference.
文摘The institution of decorating coffins was a part of funeral ritual in the pre-Qin period and featured strict hierarchy. One of its versions was the practice of decorating coffins with bi discs. Jade bi as funeral objects are often seen in Chu State tombs, and many of them are placed outside coffins,which, however, remains beyond researchers' attention as the coffins have been rotted or robbed in most cases. In Chu Tomb No. 2 at Baoshan, the coffin-furnishing institution and the exact place of jade bi are seen rather clear. The finds indicate that the jade bi must have been fixed as coffin decorations outside the inner coffin, on the end wall. It is very likely that they were intended to function as the opening for the spirits of the deceased to pass through. The use of bi as funeral objects can be traced to the Hongshan and Liangzhu cultures, and was followed in the Han period. But the institution of decorating coffins with bi in the Han dynasty paled before the previous one in both function and religious sense. On the one hand, the bi for coffin decoration were largely not real and were transformed towards a design; on the other, the number of bi and the place where they were fixed were decided extremely at will.