电力系统运行在非理想状态时,容易产生短暂的电压波动,此时并联有源电力滤波器(shunt active power filter,SAPF)采用无源控制策略无法高效、精确地调节电能质量,而常规滑模控制又容易引起抖振。针对上述情况,将无源控制和抗干扰能力更...电力系统运行在非理想状态时,容易产生短暂的电压波动,此时并联有源电力滤波器(shunt active power filter,SAPF)采用无源控制策略无法高效、精确地调节电能质量,而常规滑模控制又容易引起抖振。针对上述情况,将无源控制和抗干扰能力更强的超螺旋二阶滑模控制相结合,提出了一种无源超螺旋二阶滑模控制策略。首先,根据有源电力滤波器的数学模型建立基于正负序分离的欧拉−拉格朗日模型;其次,对系统的模型进行了无源性分析,且根据其无源性设计了无源控制器,同时采用超螺旋二阶滑模控制对无源控制器进一步优化,提高了系统整体的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力;最后,在理想状态和负载突变、负载不平衡、电网电压不平衡、单相电压突变4种非理想状态下,通过仿真实验验证了无源超螺旋二阶滑模控制策略的有效性和优越性。展开更多
A proper control and management of dust dispersion is essential to ensure safe and productive underground working environment. Brattice installation to direct the flow from main shaft to the mining face was found to b...A proper control and management of dust dispersion is essential to ensure safe and productive underground working environment. Brattice installation to direct the flow from main shaft to the mining face was found to be the most effective method to disperse dust particle away from the mining face. However,it limits the movement and disturbs the flexibility of the mining fleets and operators at the tunnel. This study proposes a hybrid brattice system- a combination of a physical brattice together with suitable and flexible directed and located air curtains- to mitigate dust dispersion from the mining face and reduce dust concentration to a safe level for the working operators. A validated three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic model utilizing Eulerian–Lagrangian approach is employed to track the dispersion of dust particle. Several possible hybrid brattice scenarios are evaluated with the objective to improve dust management in underground mine. The results suggest that implementation of hybrid brattice is beneficial for the mining operation: up to three times lower dust concentration is achieved as compared to that of the physical brattice without air curtain.展开更多
Mixing problems are most likely encountered and sometimes can be severe in scaling-up projects. Micro-mixing is an important aspect for fast or quasi-instantaneous reactions. Poor micro-mixing might produce more undes...Mixing problems are most likely encountered and sometimes can be severe in scaling-up projects. Micro-mixing is an important aspect for fast or quasi-instantaneous reactions. Poor micro-mixing might produce more undesired by-products, leading to higher purification costs. This paper gives an extensive review and analysis of micro-mixing studies in single- and multi phase stirred tanks. The relevant experiment techniques, micro-mixing models and nurherical approaches are critically reviewed and analyzed with remarks and perspectives. The reported studies on two-phase micro-mixing experiments and on the impact of the presence of the dispersed phases on turbulence have been limited to a narrow range of conditions. More importantly, disparities widely exist among different reports. Both Lagrangian and Eulerian models are based on oversimplified assumptions, which may lead to uncertainties or even unrealistic results. A heuristic model, which is from the perspective of CFD （computational fluid dynamics） and can cover the whole spectrum of scales and also focus on every subrocess, is desired in the future.展开更多
文摘电力系统运行在非理想状态时,容易产生短暂的电压波动,此时并联有源电力滤波器(shunt active power filter,SAPF)采用无源控制策略无法高效、精确地调节电能质量,而常规滑模控制又容易引起抖振。针对上述情况,将无源控制和抗干扰能力更强的超螺旋二阶滑模控制相结合,提出了一种无源超螺旋二阶滑模控制策略。首先,根据有源电力滤波器的数学模型建立基于正负序分离的欧拉−拉格朗日模型;其次,对系统的模型进行了无源性分析,且根据其无源性设计了无源控制器,同时采用超螺旋二阶滑模控制对无源控制器进一步优化,提高了系统整体的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力;最后,在理想状态和负载突变、负载不平衡、电网电压不平衡、单相电压突变4种非理想状态下,通过仿真实验验证了无源超螺旋二阶滑模控制策略的有效性和优越性。
基金financially supported by the Singapore Economic Development Board(EDB)through the Minerals Metals and Materials Technology Centre(M3TC)Research Grant R-261-501-013-414
文摘A proper control and management of dust dispersion is essential to ensure safe and productive underground working environment. Brattice installation to direct the flow from main shaft to the mining face was found to be the most effective method to disperse dust particle away from the mining face. However,it limits the movement and disturbs the flexibility of the mining fleets and operators at the tunnel. This study proposes a hybrid brattice system- a combination of a physical brattice together with suitable and flexible directed and located air curtains- to mitigate dust dispersion from the mining face and reduce dust concentration to a safe level for the working operators. A validated three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic model utilizing Eulerian–Lagrangian approach is employed to track the dispersion of dust particle. Several possible hybrid brattice scenarios are evaluated with the objective to improve dust management in underground mine. The results suggest that implementation of hybrid brattice is beneficial for the mining operation: up to three times lower dust concentration is achieved as compared to that of the physical brattice without air curtain.
基金Supported by the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (2010CB630904)the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (21025627)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21106154,20990224)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2011AA060704)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (2112038) and Jiangsu Province Project (BY2009133)
文摘Mixing problems are most likely encountered and sometimes can be severe in scaling-up projects. Micro-mixing is an important aspect for fast or quasi-instantaneous reactions. Poor micro-mixing might produce more undesired by-products, leading to higher purification costs. This paper gives an extensive review and analysis of micro-mixing studies in single- and multi phase stirred tanks. The relevant experiment techniques, micro-mixing models and nurherical approaches are critically reviewed and analyzed with remarks and perspectives. The reported studies on two-phase micro-mixing experiments and on the impact of the presence of the dispersed phases on turbulence have been limited to a narrow range of conditions. More importantly, disparities widely exist among different reports. Both Lagrangian and Eulerian models are based on oversimplified assumptions, which may lead to uncertainties or even unrealistic results. A heuristic model, which is from the perspective of CFD （computational fluid dynamics） and can cover the whole spectrum of scales and also focus on every subrocess, is desired in the future.
