Objective: The aim of this study was to compare calciuria of preeclamptic cases to normotensive controls among pregnant women hospitalized in the French West Indies obstetrics department. Study design: This case-contr...Objective: The aim of this study was to compare calciuria of preeclamptic cases to normotensive controls among pregnant women hospitalized in the French West Indies obstetrics department. Study design: This case-control study included 47 preeclamptic women and 50 controls. The main outcome was 24 h urinary calcium excretion rate. Serum levels of creatinine, calcium and uric acid were also analyzed. A logistic regression analysis has been performed to investigate the relationship between hypocalciuria and preeclampsia after having taken into account prognostic preeclampsia factors and pertinent clinical criteria. Results: Women with preeclampsia had significantly lower calciuria than normotensive patients (1.5 mmol/24 h ± 1.0 versus 6.0mmol/24 h ± 4.2, p = 0.0001). After taking into account gestational age at hospitalization, body mass index and nulliparity, hypocalciuria was significantly associated with preeclampsia (ORa = 21.74; 95% CI, 6.9- 66.7). The diagnosis value of a calciuria less than 2.1 mmol/24 h is interesting because of its negative predictive value (97% ), but its positive predictive value is weak (42% ). Conclusion: In our population, preeclamptic women had a calciuria significantly lower than controls.展开更多
Background: Involved regions of the skin in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have been shown to have higher transepidermal water loss (TEWL), indicating a compromised skin barrier. Whether uninvolved skin also has...Background: Involved regions of the skin in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have been shown to have higher transepidermal water loss (TEWL), indicating a compromised skin barrier. Whether uninvolved skin also has diminished barrier characteristics is controversial. Objectives: To study the penetration of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) into uninvolved skin of patients with AD compared with the skin of control subjects. Methods: Percutaneous penetration was assessed using the tape stripping technique on the stratum corneum (SC). Twenty patients with AD and 20 healthy subjects were exposed to 1% SLS for 4 h on the mid-volar forearm. After the end of exposure the SC was removed by adhesive tape. The amount of SLS was determined in each consecutive strip. Fick’ s second law of diffusion was used to deduce the diffusivity and the partition coefficient of SLS between water and the SC. Results: The SC thickness was similar in both groups; however, the TEWL was higher in patients with AD compared with that of the control group (mean ± SD 8.4 ± 4.3 and 6.3 ± 2.0 g m- 2 h- 1, respectively). There was a correlation between SC thickness and TEWL in control subjects but no correlation was found in patients with AD. The diffusivity of SLS through uninvolved AD skin was higher compared with normal skin (mean ± SD 12.7 ± 5.8 × 10- 9 and 6.2 ± 3.0 × 10 - 9 cm- 2 h- 1, respectively), while the partition coefficient between SC and water was lower (mean ± SD 137 ± 64 and 196 ± 107, respectively). Conclusions: The results show a different penetration profile of SLS into the SC of patients with AD compared with control subjects. This indicates that even noninvolved skin in patients with AD has altered barrier characteristics, emphasizing the importance of skin protection and prevention of skin contact with chemicals.展开更多
文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to compare calciuria of preeclamptic cases to normotensive controls among pregnant women hospitalized in the French West Indies obstetrics department. Study design: This case-control study included 47 preeclamptic women and 50 controls. The main outcome was 24 h urinary calcium excretion rate. Serum levels of creatinine, calcium and uric acid were also analyzed. A logistic regression analysis has been performed to investigate the relationship between hypocalciuria and preeclampsia after having taken into account prognostic preeclampsia factors and pertinent clinical criteria. Results: Women with preeclampsia had significantly lower calciuria than normotensive patients (1.5 mmol/24 h ± 1.0 versus 6.0mmol/24 h ± 4.2, p = 0.0001). After taking into account gestational age at hospitalization, body mass index and nulliparity, hypocalciuria was significantly associated with preeclampsia (ORa = 21.74; 95% CI, 6.9- 66.7). The diagnosis value of a calciuria less than 2.1 mmol/24 h is interesting because of its negative predictive value (97% ), but its positive predictive value is weak (42% ). Conclusion: In our population, preeclamptic women had a calciuria significantly lower than controls.
文摘Background: Involved regions of the skin in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have been shown to have higher transepidermal water loss (TEWL), indicating a compromised skin barrier. Whether uninvolved skin also has diminished barrier characteristics is controversial. Objectives: To study the penetration of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) into uninvolved skin of patients with AD compared with the skin of control subjects. Methods: Percutaneous penetration was assessed using the tape stripping technique on the stratum corneum (SC). Twenty patients with AD and 20 healthy subjects were exposed to 1% SLS for 4 h on the mid-volar forearm. After the end of exposure the SC was removed by adhesive tape. The amount of SLS was determined in each consecutive strip. Fick’ s second law of diffusion was used to deduce the diffusivity and the partition coefficient of SLS between water and the SC. Results: The SC thickness was similar in both groups; however, the TEWL was higher in patients with AD compared with that of the control group (mean ± SD 8.4 ± 4.3 and 6.3 ± 2.0 g m- 2 h- 1, respectively). There was a correlation between SC thickness and TEWL in control subjects but no correlation was found in patients with AD. The diffusivity of SLS through uninvolved AD skin was higher compared with normal skin (mean ± SD 12.7 ± 5.8 × 10- 9 and 6.2 ± 3.0 × 10 - 9 cm- 2 h- 1, respectively), while the partition coefficient between SC and water was lower (mean ± SD 137 ± 64 and 196 ± 107, respectively). Conclusions: The results show a different penetration profile of SLS into the SC of patients with AD compared with control subjects. This indicates that even noninvolved skin in patients with AD has altered barrier characteristics, emphasizing the importance of skin protection and prevention of skin contact with chemicals.
