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甲烷及其氟氯代物在TATB晶体表面吸附的模拟 被引量:4
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作者 张朝阳 舒远杰 +1 位作者 黄辉 王新锋 《爆炸与冲击》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第6期563-566,共4页
采用Discover/MaterialStudio中的分子动力学方法(COMPASS力场、NVT)及结构优化方法,模拟了甲烷及其氟氯代物(共15种化合物)在TATB超胞的(001)、(100)及(010)晶面的吸附作用。结果表明:(1)TATB晶面与大多数分子相互作用的强弱次序为:(01... 采用Discover/MaterialStudio中的分子动力学方法(COMPASS力场、NVT)及结构优化方法,模拟了甲烷及其氟氯代物(共15种化合物)在TATB超胞的(001)、(100)及(010)晶面的吸附作用。结果表明:(1)TATB晶面与大多数分子相互作用的强弱次序为:(010)>(100)>(001),这可能与晶面结构差异及氢键的形成有关;(2)三种晶面上,吸附能最大(为负值)的都是CH4、CF4,表明如果氟聚合物中氢或氟的含量过高均可能导致聚合物与TATB相互作用减弱。 展开更多
关键词 物理化学 吸附 分子动力学 TATB晶体 甲烷及其
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OH^-与CH_2ClF反应的阴离子产物通道(英文) 被引量:1
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作者 宋磊 于锋 +2 位作者 吴琍霞 周晓国 刘世林 《物理化学学报》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第4期801-807,共7页
理论研究了羟基负离子(OH-)与氟氯代甲烷(CH2ClF)反应的阴离子产物通道.分别在B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)和B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p)水平上得到反应势能面上各关键物种的优化构型,进而计算得到谐振频率和零点能.基于CCSD(T)/6-311+G(3df,3dp)水平... 理论研究了羟基负离子(OH-)与氟氯代甲烷(CH2ClF)反应的阴离子产物通道.分别在B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)和B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p)水平上得到反应势能面上各关键物种的优化构型,进而计算得到谐振频率和零点能.基于CCSD(T)/6-311+G(3df,3dp)水平的相对能量,描述了由质子转移和双分子亲核取代(SN2)过程生成各阴离子产物的途径.各阴离子产物途径势垒的计算结果表明质子转移过程是实验中的主要产物通道,与以往实验测量的结论相符.此外,计算还显示双分子亲核取代过程得到了非典型的阴离子产物,其中动力学效应可能会导致F-的生成. 展开更多
关键词 羟基负离子 氟氯代甲烷 反应机理 质子转移 亲核取(SN2)反应
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Study of Dissolved Chlorofluorocarbons in Lake Washington 被引量:1
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作者 韩丽君 John L. Bullister David P. Wisegarver 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第2期171-179,共9页
Measurements of three chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) and trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113), along with methyl chloroform (CH 3CCl 3) and carbon tetrachlo... Measurements of three chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) and trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113), along with methyl chloroform (CH 3CCl 3) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) were made in water samples from Lake Washington, using Electron Capture-Gas Chromatography (EC-GC). The samples were collected in mid-autumn, a period when the lake’s upper layer undergoes rapid cooling. At the time of sampling, a strong vertical temperature gradient was present in the lake, with surface temperatures of ~14℃, and near bottom (50 meters) temperatures of ~8℃. The concentrations of dissolved CFC-12 and CFC-11 increased with depth, as expected from the higher solubilities of these gases at lower temperatures. Atmospheric measurements made at the sampling site at the time of the cruise, showed that CFC-11 and CFC-12 saturations in the near surface samples were 100 % and 106%, respectively. For the deepest sample (52 meters) CFC-11 and CFC-12 saturations were 102 % and 126 %. Because the surface layer of the lake responds to changes in atmospheric CFCs on a time scale of several weeks, the higher than equilibrium concentrations of CFC-12 observed at the time of sampling may reflect earlier episodes of elevated levels of atmospheric CFC-12 in this urban area. High concentrations of dissolved CFCs in runoff or industrial effluent might also lead to elevated CFC levels in the lake. The cold, deep water of Lake Washington is relatively isolated from the effects of surface gas exchange except during winter, and the supersaturations observed in the deep layer may reflect periods of elevated atmospheric CFC-12 levels from the previous winter season. These results were compared to summertime profiles of CFC-11 and CFC-12 made in 1994. 展开更多
关键词 chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) SOLUBILITIES saturations Electron Capture-Gas Chromatography (EC-GC)
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