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沿海滩涂水稻穗部性状及产量对不同外源物质喷施的响应
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作者 张蛟 韩继军 +2 位作者 崔士友 陈澎军 缪源卿 《江苏农业科学》 北大核心 2024年第10期112-119,共8页
2020年6-11月,在江苏南通沿海滩涂地区选择南粳5055(V1)和扬农稻1号(V2)开展水稻种植试验,设置6个外源物质喷施处理,即清水处理(CK)、禾稼春处理(L1)、真打粮处理(L2)、碧护处理(L3)、硝钠-萘乙酸处理(L4)、1.4%复硝酚钠处理(L5),旨在... 2020年6-11月,在江苏南通沿海滩涂地区选择南粳5055(V1)和扬农稻1号(V2)开展水稻种植试验,设置6个外源物质喷施处理,即清水处理(CK)、禾稼春处理(L1)、真打粮处理(L2)、碧护处理(L3)、硝钠-萘乙酸处理(L4)、1.4%复硝酚钠处理(L5),旨在研究沿海滩涂水稻穗部性状及产量对不同外源物质喷施的响应效果。结果表明:(1)水稻种植过程中灌溉水盐分含量变化幅度为0.78~1.12 g/kg, 2个水稻品种生长期间土壤盐分含量变化幅度均在1.10~1.90 g/kg;(2)与CK相比,L1、L2和L3处理下水稻产量均显著提高,V1产量分别提高了7.73%、7.05%和7.30%(P<0.05),V2产量分别提高了5.33%、4.24%和5.45%(P<0.05),但各喷施处理之间水稻产量没有显著差异;各喷施处理对滩涂水稻单位面积穗数和结实率没有显著影响,但对水稻每穗粒数、实粒数和千粒重均有不同程度的提高,且L1处理对水稻千粒重的提高效果最为显著(P<0.05),L3与L5处理对每穗粒数和实粒数提高效果最为显著(P<0.05);(3)L2和L3处理下水稻品种扬农稻1号的着粒密度显著提高(P<0.05);各喷施处理对滩涂水稻一次枝梗性状的影响会随品种有所差异,但各喷施处理对滩涂2个水稻品种的二次枝梗性状如枝梗数、总粒数和实粒数均有不同程度的提高,特别是L3和L5处理对2个水稻品种的二次枝梗总粒数和实粒数均有显著的提高;(4)相关分析表明,整体而言滩涂水稻每穗粒数均与水稻二次枝梗性状有关,特别是二次枝梗总粒数和二次枝梗实粒数。总之,微咸水灌溉条件下外源物质禾稼春、真打粮和碧护喷施处理主要是提高了滩涂水稻的千粒重以及每穗粒数(特别是二次枝梗性状粒数),进而提高了滩涂水稻产量。因此,在滩涂地区微咸水灌溉条件下种植水稻可通过适宜喷施外源叶面肥/植物生长调节剂等措施缓解盐胁迫对水稻的不利影响进而达到增产的目的。 展开更多
关键词 叶面肥 植物生长调节剂 水稻穗部性状 滩涂 盐碱地利用
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不同株型和化感作用特性水稻对3种稻田主要杂草的干扰控制作用 被引量:9
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作者 徐正浩 谢国雄 +1 位作者 周宇杰 高屾 《作物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第7期1293-1302,共10页
采用裂区试验设计,以接种无芒稗、水莎草和鸭舌草等3种田间主要杂草和不接种杂草为主处理,10份不同株型和化感作用特性的水稻材料为副处理,研究不同株型和化感作用特性水稻对3种杂草的干扰控制作用。结果表明,水稻化感种质吓一跳对无芒... 采用裂区试验设计,以接种无芒稗、水莎草和鸭舌草等3种田间主要杂草和不接种杂草为主处理,10份不同株型和化感作用特性的水稻材料为副处理,研究不同株型和化感作用特性水稻对3种杂草的干扰控制作用。结果表明,水稻化感种质吓一跳对无芒稗地上部分干重的抑制作用最强,早杂中9A/602、早籼浙101和TN1也表现较好的抑制作用。中早22对水莎草的干扰控制作用最强,早籼浙101和吓一跳对水莎草也表现较好的干扰控制效果,中早27对水莎草的抑制作用较弱。中9A/602、早籼浙101、吓一跳、IR644-1-63-1-1对鸭舌草的干扰控制作用较强,谷梅2号和中早27对鸭舌草的干扰控制作用较弱。吓一跳对3种供试杂草的地上部分总干重抑制作用在50%以上,与IR644-1-63-1-1、PI312777、TN1和谷梅2号的抑制作用差异显著。早杂中9A/602和早籼浙101对3种供试杂草地上部分总干重的抑制作用达40%以上,显示了较强的干扰控制能力,与谷梅2号差异显著。杂草竞争干扰与无草对照间水稻株高、有效穗数、穗长、每穗总粒数差异显著,但结实率和千粒重差异不显著。与无草对照相比,吓一跳在3种杂草竞争干扰下,株高增加3.64%,而中9A/7491、TN1和谷梅2号的株高比无草对照降低10%以上。3种杂草竞争干扰下,10份供试水稻材料的有效穗数与无草对照相比均降低,其中TN1、谷梅2号、PI312777、中早22、中早27、中9A/602有效穗数均降低50%以上,吓一跳降低幅度最小,为16.86%。3种杂草竞争干扰导致水稻有效穗数显著降低,是水稻减产的主要原因。 展开更多
关键词 稻株型 化感 3种稻田主要杂草 干扰控制 水稻穗部性状
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QTL Analysis of Rice Peduncle Vascular Bundle System and Panicle Traits 被引量:17
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作者 滕胜 钱前 +3 位作者 曾大力 国广泰史 黄大年 朱立煌 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2002年第3期301-306,共6页
A double haploid (DH) population of rice (Oryza sativa L.) derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17, a typical indica and japonica hybrid, was used for genetic analysis of rice peduncle vascular system and panicle tra... A double haploid (DH) population of rice (Oryza sativa L.) derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17, a typical indica and japonica hybrid, was used for genetic analysis of rice peduncle vascular system and panicle traits. The number of large vascular bundles (LVB), the number of small vascular bundles (SVB) in the peduncle, and the panicle traits including the number of primary rachis branches (PRB), the number of spikelets per panicle (SNP), peduncle top diameter (PTD), and panicle length (PL) were investigated in the parents and DH lines. The quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for each trait were analyzed based on the constructed molecular linkage map of this population. Three QTLs for LVB (qLVB_1, qLVB_6 and qLVB_7) were detected on chromosomes 1, 6, and 7, respectively. Two putative QTLs for SVB (qSVB_4 and qSVB_6) were mapped on chromosomes 4 and 6 respectively. Four QTLs (qPRB_4a, qPRB_4b, qPRB_6 and qPRB_7) on chromosomes 4, 6, and 7, respectively, were detected for PRB. Three QTLs (qSPN_4a, qSPN_4b and qSPN_6) were identified on chromosomes 4 and 6, respectively, which could significantly affect SPN. Five QTLs for PTD (qPTD_2, qPTD_5, qPTD_6, qPTD_8 and qPTD_12) were identified on chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 8, and 12, respectively. Three QTLs for PL (qPL_4, qPL_6 and qPL_8) were detected on chromosomes 4, 6, and 8, respectively. Clustering of QTLs, such as qLVB_6, qSVB_6, qSNP_6, qPTD_6, and qPL_6 detected in the interval G122_G1314b on chromosome 6, was found. These results suggest that some QTLs for peduncle vascular bundle system are possibly responsible for the panicle traits. 展开更多
关键词 RICE peduncle vascular bundle panicle traits QTL analysis
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Mapping QTLs for Panicle Traits Based on Rice RIL Population Derived from TD70 and Kasalath 被引量:1
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作者 张亚东 董少玲 +8 位作者 张颖慧 陈涛 赵庆勇 朱镇 周丽慧 姚姝 赵凌 于新 王才林 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2014年第9期1498-1502,1507,共6页
Two hundred and forty recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a cross TD70/Kasalath and its linkage map including 141 SSR markers were used to map QTLs controlling panicle length (PL), total seeds per panicle ... Two hundred and forty recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a cross TD70/Kasalath and its linkage map including 141 SSR markers were used to map QTLs controlling panicle length (PL), total seeds per panicle (TSP) and grain density (GD) in 2010 and 2011. The results showed that a total of 23 QTLs controlling three panicle traits were detected on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 10, respec- tively, including 5 QTLs controlling PL, 8 QTLs controlling TSP, 10 QTLs controlling GD, with the LOD value ranging between 2.5-9.3, and the QTLs explained the ob- served phenotypic by 4.0%-20.8%. The marker interval RM5699-RM424 on chro- mosome 2, RM489-RM1278 on chromosome 3, RM3367-RM1018 on chromosome 4, RM3343-RM412 on chromosome 6 were common marker intervals for TSP and GD; six QTLs (qPL3, qTSP4, qTSP6-2, qTSP7, qGD3-2 and qGDT) were detected in two years. Among these QTLs, the qPL3, qTSP6-2, qGD3-2 and qGD7 were major QTLs. All QTLs for PL mapped in the present study had been mapped QTLs previously by other research groups, 16 QTLs controlling TSP and GD were new ones which contributed the observed phenotypic variance range by 4%-9.5%. These results laid a founda^ion for further fine positioning or cloning these QTLs. 展开更多
关键词 RICE Recombinant inbred lines Panicle traits Quantitative trait locus
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