The monumental Studies to Fathom Principles(Qiongli xue窮理學;1683)by Ferdinand Verbiest S.J.(Nan Huairen南懷仁,1623–1688)was never printed,and its exact content is not known.A section of the only extant,though incom...The monumental Studies to Fathom Principles(Qiongli xue窮理學;1683)by Ferdinand Verbiest S.J.(Nan Huairen南懷仁,1623–1688)was never printed,and its exact content is not known.A section of the only extant,though incomplete,manuscript deals with fluvial flood prevention and river control measures,a subject that until then had not cropped up in any Chinese-language work of the Jesuits.In this section,Verbiest not only described the already well-known Aristotelian theory of the origin of rivers,but also introduced to China new scientific propositions,concepts,and numerical examples originating from the seminal Renaissance work Della misura dell’acque correnti(Of the Mensuration of Running Waters;1628)by Benedetto Castelli(1578–1643).In addition,Verbiest presented to his readers some noteworthy examples of pertinent Western achievements such as the pound-lock with miter gate,and he provided them with a simple economic analysis of flood control options.The significance and possible influence of Verbiest’s text on further developments in Chinese approaches to water engineering are discussed,highlighting a hitherto largely disregarded facet of Western science and technology transfer in the field of river hydraulics and flood management.展开更多
River dynamics play the most vital role in the socio-economic of the country. These rivers are highly dynamic in nature which causes extensive riverbank erosion. Active river bank erosion and bed scouring, is apprehen...River dynamics play the most vital role in the socio-economic of the country. These rivers are highly dynamic in nature which causes extensive riverbank erosion. Active river bank erosion and bed scouring, is apprehended to change the scenario, leading to loss of limited valuable land of Bangladesh. River training is being practiced in Bangladesh since 1960s but the process is very expensive especially in the Ganges and the Jamuna Rivers. Five types of river training works were selected at different reaches. Hydro-morphological characteristics of the major rivers are being evaluated not only in engineering concepts but also in socio-economic and environmental aspects. PRA （participatory rural appraisal） tools were applied to evaluate protection safety, hydraulic and hydrological connectivity, ecological and environmental characteristics, causes of failure and social acceptability. This comparative study is being carried out for closing the gap between the modem river training works and in country experience through adaptation of research findings with a view to effectively arresting river bank erosion. Sirajganj Hardpoint, Chandpur Town Protection work and Nakalia Revetment are found to be suitable and effective. A technically suitable structure may not have good social acceptance without IWRM （integrated water resource management）.展开更多
基金funded by the German Research Foundation(DFG)for the years 2018 to 2022
文摘The monumental Studies to Fathom Principles(Qiongli xue窮理學;1683)by Ferdinand Verbiest S.J.(Nan Huairen南懷仁,1623–1688)was never printed,and its exact content is not known.A section of the only extant,though incomplete,manuscript deals with fluvial flood prevention and river control measures,a subject that until then had not cropped up in any Chinese-language work of the Jesuits.In this section,Verbiest not only described the already well-known Aristotelian theory of the origin of rivers,but also introduced to China new scientific propositions,concepts,and numerical examples originating from the seminal Renaissance work Della misura dell’acque correnti(Of the Mensuration of Running Waters;1628)by Benedetto Castelli(1578–1643).In addition,Verbiest presented to his readers some noteworthy examples of pertinent Western achievements such as the pound-lock with miter gate,and he provided them with a simple economic analysis of flood control options.The significance and possible influence of Verbiest’s text on further developments in Chinese approaches to water engineering are discussed,highlighting a hitherto largely disregarded facet of Western science and technology transfer in the field of river hydraulics and flood management.
文摘River dynamics play the most vital role in the socio-economic of the country. These rivers are highly dynamic in nature which causes extensive riverbank erosion. Active river bank erosion and bed scouring, is apprehended to change the scenario, leading to loss of limited valuable land of Bangladesh. River training is being practiced in Bangladesh since 1960s but the process is very expensive especially in the Ganges and the Jamuna Rivers. Five types of river training works were selected at different reaches. Hydro-morphological characteristics of the major rivers are being evaluated not only in engineering concepts but also in socio-economic and environmental aspects. PRA （participatory rural appraisal） tools were applied to evaluate protection safety, hydraulic and hydrological connectivity, ecological and environmental characteristics, causes of failure and social acceptability. This comparative study is being carried out for closing the gap between the modem river training works and in country experience through adaptation of research findings with a view to effectively arresting river bank erosion. Sirajganj Hardpoint, Chandpur Town Protection work and Nakalia Revetment are found to be suitable and effective. A technically suitable structure may not have good social acceptance without IWRM （integrated water resource management）.
