细菌在环境胁迫下能够进入一种"活的非可培养态"(viable but nonculturable state,VBNC),常规的平板培养方法无法检测出该种状态细菌,但其仍具有可测量的代谢活性,能够在适合的条件下复苏并产生毒力。乳及乳制品因其含有丰富...细菌在环境胁迫下能够进入一种"活的非可培养态"(viable but nonculturable state,VBNC),常规的平板培养方法无法检测出该种状态细菌,但其仍具有可测量的代谢活性,能够在适合的条件下复苏并产生毒力。乳及乳制品因其含有丰富的营养物质而成为理想的细菌培养基,其中几种常见的食源致病菌如副溶血性弧菌、空肠弯曲杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核增生李斯特氏菌、阪崎肠杆菌等也被证实能够进入VBNC,对乳及乳制品品质安全造成严重威胁。因此,本文综述了VBNC细菌的研究进程和细胞形态、毒力等生理学特性,并介绍了乳及乳制品中几种常见VBNC致病菌的诱导与复苏因素及其检测方法。通过对VBNC细菌的综述进而为乳及乳制品中致病菌研究提供新思路,以期减少乳及乳制品中该状态致病菌对公共安全的威胁,提升乳及乳制品中生物性安全水平。展开更多
食源致病细菌是影响食品质量与安全的重要生物污染源。食品加工过程中的低温、寡营养及食品防腐等条件可诱使食源致病细菌进入活的非可培养状态(viable but non-culturable state,VBNC),处于此状态的细菌最大的特点就是丧失了平板上的...食源致病细菌是影响食品质量与安全的重要生物污染源。食品加工过程中的低温、寡营养及食品防腐等条件可诱使食源致病细菌进入活的非可培养状态(viable but non-culturable state,VBNC),处于此状态的细菌最大的特点就是丧失了平板上的生长繁殖能力,但生命体征是活的,并且保留原菌的毒力和致病性。研究表明,活的非可培养态细菌在细胞形态、基因表达、蛋白表达等方面发生了复杂变化,并且一定条件下可复苏为可培养状态,成为逃避检测的"隐性传染源",对食品安全构成潜在威胁。文中对食源性致病菌VBNC态的诱导条件及复苏情况、生物学特性变化、现代检测技术的发展等方面的研究进行了综述。期望为解决当下由活的非可培养态细菌引起的食品安全问题提供理论参考。展开更多
乳酸菌在某些恶劣的环境下仍可以保持代谢活性,会失去在常规培养基上生长繁殖的能力从而进入活的非可培养态(Viable but non-culturable,VBNC)。文中阐述了目前已经发现的VBNC态乳酸菌的种类、其诱导和复苏条件、生理生化特性、检测方...乳酸菌在某些恶劣的环境下仍可以保持代谢活性,会失去在常规培养基上生长繁殖的能力从而进入活的非可培养态(Viable but non-culturable,VBNC)。文中阐述了目前已经发现的VBNC态乳酸菌的种类、其诱导和复苏条件、生理生化特性、检测方法及前景展望,使我们更深入地认识和了解乳酸菌的VBNC态,为今后乳酸菌在工业生产和应用过程中保持高活性状态提供新思路和新方法。展开更多
细菌在一些不良压力条件下会进入"活的非可培养状态"(viable but non-culturable,VBNC),其仍具有活力但不能采用常规的平板培养基进行培养,VBNC态细菌一旦培养条件适宜仍能继续生长繁殖,有些致病菌依旧具有毒力。如果检测方...细菌在一些不良压力条件下会进入"活的非可培养状态"(viable but non-culturable,VBNC),其仍具有活力但不能采用常规的平板培养基进行培养,VBNC态细菌一旦培养条件适宜仍能继续生长繁殖,有些致病菌依旧具有毒力。如果检测方法不当,会造成假阳性或假阴性的结果,需要采取适合的检测方法进行检测。文章概述了几种检测VBNC态细菌的方法,如活菌直接计数法、核酸染料检测法、呼吸检测法、分子生物学法、免疫学法、流式细胞仪检测法等,并对检测方法的应用现状进行了评述。展开更多
Xcc （Xanthomonas citri subsp, citri） causes citrus bacterial canker, a leaf, stem and fruit spotting disease that affects most commercial citrus species and cultivars. Copper compounds, widely used for management of...Xcc （Xanthomonas citri subsp, citri） causes citrus bacterial canker, a leaf, stem and fruit spotting disease that affects most commercial citrus species and cultivars. Copper compounds, widely used for management of this pathogen, have been reported as inducers of a VBNC （viable but non-culturable state） in plant pathogenic bacteria. VBNC may be considered as a state preceding bacterial death or as a survival mechanism under adverse conditions. Several experiments were performed to characterize the reversibility and persistence of the VBNC state in Xcc. VBNC was induced in low nutrient medium or with amendment of copper at concentrations used for field disease control. The VBNC condition was demonstrated to persist up to 150 days after copper treatment and was reversed after the addition of culture media without copper or amendment with citrus leaf extract. Xcc viability was evaluated by recovery of colonies on culture media, confirmed by membrane integrity, respiratory activity and by real-time RT-PCR targeting a sequence from the gumD gene. Besides, the colonies recovered were pathogenic on citrus leaves. These results confirm that the VBNC state in Xcc is inducible and reversible and therefore may occur in the phyllosphere when Xcc is under copper stress or starvation.展开更多
文摘细菌在环境胁迫下能够进入一种"活的非可培养态"(viable but nonculturable state,VBNC),常规的平板培养方法无法检测出该种状态细菌,但其仍具有可测量的代谢活性,能够在适合的条件下复苏并产生毒力。乳及乳制品因其含有丰富的营养物质而成为理想的细菌培养基,其中几种常见的食源致病菌如副溶血性弧菌、空肠弯曲杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核增生李斯特氏菌、阪崎肠杆菌等也被证实能够进入VBNC,对乳及乳制品品质安全造成严重威胁。因此,本文综述了VBNC细菌的研究进程和细胞形态、毒力等生理学特性,并介绍了乳及乳制品中几种常见VBNC致病菌的诱导与复苏因素及其检测方法。通过对VBNC细菌的综述进而为乳及乳制品中致病菌研究提供新思路,以期减少乳及乳制品中该状态致病菌对公共安全的威胁,提升乳及乳制品中生物性安全水平。
文摘食源致病细菌是影响食品质量与安全的重要生物污染源。食品加工过程中的低温、寡营养及食品防腐等条件可诱使食源致病细菌进入活的非可培养状态(viable but non-culturable state,VBNC),处于此状态的细菌最大的特点就是丧失了平板上的生长繁殖能力,但生命体征是活的,并且保留原菌的毒力和致病性。研究表明,活的非可培养态细菌在细胞形态、基因表达、蛋白表达等方面发生了复杂变化,并且一定条件下可复苏为可培养状态,成为逃避检测的"隐性传染源",对食品安全构成潜在威胁。文中对食源性致病菌VBNC态的诱导条件及复苏情况、生物学特性变化、现代检测技术的发展等方面的研究进行了综述。期望为解决当下由活的非可培养态细菌引起的食品安全问题提供理论参考。
文摘乳酸菌在某些恶劣的环境下仍可以保持代谢活性,会失去在常规培养基上生长繁殖的能力从而进入活的非可培养态(Viable but non-culturable,VBNC)。文中阐述了目前已经发现的VBNC态乳酸菌的种类、其诱导和复苏条件、生理生化特性、检测方法及前景展望,使我们更深入地认识和了解乳酸菌的VBNC态,为今后乳酸菌在工业生产和应用过程中保持高活性状态提供新思路和新方法。
文摘细菌在一些不良压力条件下会进入"活的非可培养状态"(viable but non-culturable,VBNC),其仍具有活力但不能采用常规的平板培养基进行培养,VBNC态细菌一旦培养条件适宜仍能继续生长繁殖,有些致病菌依旧具有毒力。如果检测方法不当,会造成假阳性或假阴性的结果,需要采取适合的检测方法进行检测。文章概述了几种检测VBNC态细菌的方法,如活菌直接计数法、核酸染料检测法、呼吸检测法、分子生物学法、免疫学法、流式细胞仪检测法等,并对检测方法的应用现状进行了评述。
文摘Xcc （Xanthomonas citri subsp, citri） causes citrus bacterial canker, a leaf, stem and fruit spotting disease that affects most commercial citrus species and cultivars. Copper compounds, widely used for management of this pathogen, have been reported as inducers of a VBNC （viable but non-culturable state） in plant pathogenic bacteria. VBNC may be considered as a state preceding bacterial death or as a survival mechanism under adverse conditions. Several experiments were performed to characterize the reversibility and persistence of the VBNC state in Xcc. VBNC was induced in low nutrient medium or with amendment of copper at concentrations used for field disease control. The VBNC condition was demonstrated to persist up to 150 days after copper treatment and was reversed after the addition of culture media without copper or amendment with citrus leaf extract. Xcc viability was evaluated by recovery of colonies on culture media, confirmed by membrane integrity, respiratory activity and by real-time RT-PCR targeting a sequence from the gumD gene. Besides, the colonies recovered were pathogenic on citrus leaves. These results confirm that the VBNC state in Xcc is inducible and reversible and therefore may occur in the phyllosphere when Xcc is under copper stress or starvation.
