The processes of building dynamic and static relationships between secondary and primary variables are usually integrated in most of nonlinear dynamic soft sensor models. However, such integration limits the estimatio...The processes of building dynamic and static relationships between secondary and primary variables are usually integrated in most of nonlinear dynamic soft sensor models. However, such integration limits the estimation accuracy of soft sensor models. Wiener model effectively describes dynamic and static characteristics of a system with the structure of dynamic and static submodels in cascade. We propose a soft sensor model derived from Wiener model structure, which is an extension of Wiener model. Dynamic and static relationships between secondary and primary variables are built respectively to describe the dynamic and static characteristics of system. The feasibility of this model is verified. Then the expression of discrete model is derived for soft sensor system. Conjugate gradient algorithm is applied to identify the dynamic and static model parameters alternately. Corresponding update method for soft sensor system is also given. Case studies confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model, alternate identification algorithm, and update method.展开更多
Purpose： To assess the effects of trust in the coach on commitment to coach, willingness to cooperate, and perceived performance. Methods： Two hundred and fifteen members of competitive sports clubs responded to sca...Purpose： To assess the effects of trust in the coach on commitment to coach, willingness to cooperate, and perceived performance. Methods： Two hundred and fifteen members of competitive sports clubs responded to scales measuring coach characteristics of justice, benevolence, integrity, and competence; athlete＇s trust in the coach; commitment to coach; willingness to cooperate; and perceived performance. Results： Confirmatory factor analysis of data supported the measurement model. Perceptions of a coach＇s justice （β = 0.19, p 〈 0.05）, benevolence （β = 0.32, p 〈 0.05）, integrity （β= 0.14, p 〈 0.05）, and competence （β = 0.29, p 〈 0.05） each had a significant effect on athletes＇ trust, and they cumulatively accounted for 61% of the variance in trust. The structural equation modeling showed that trust had direct effects on commitment to coach （β = 0.77, p 〈 0.01）, willingness to cooperate （β= 0.79, p 〈 0.01 ）, and perceived performance （β = 0.51, p 〈 0.01）,. The hypothesized mediating effects of commitment to coach and willingness to cooperate were not supported. The model explained 26% of the variance in perceived performance. Conclusion： As trust in coach influences commitment to coach, willingness to cooperate, and perceived performance, coaches need to take effort to bolster their athletes＇ trust by being just and benevolent, and enhancing their integrity and competence.展开更多
A quantitative structure-spectrum relationship (QSSR) model was developed to simulate 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of carbinol carbon atoms for 55 alcohols. The proposed model,using multiple linear reg...A quantitative structure-spectrum relationship (QSSR) model was developed to simulate 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of carbinol carbon atoms for 55 alcohols. The proposed model,using multiple linear regression,contained four descriptors solely extracted from the molecular structure of compounds. The statistical results of the final model show that R2= 0.982 4 and S=0.869 8 (where R is the correlation coefficient and S is the standard deviation). To test its predictive ability,the model was further used to predict the 13C NMR spectra of the carbinol carbon atoms of other nine compounds which were not included in the developed model. The average relative errors are 0.94% and 1.70%,respectively,for the training set and the predictive set. The model is statistically significant and shows good stability for data variation as tested by the leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation. The comparison with other approaches also reveals good performance of this method.展开更多
As a key factor of economic growth, productivity has been valued in the academic community. Today, with the rapid development of service industry, the research for service productivity has also attracted wide attentio...As a key factor of economic growth, productivity has been valued in the academic community. Today, with the rapid development of service industry, the research for service productivity has also attracted wide attention. However, in the service industry, because of its own characteristics and properties, measurement of service productivity could not apply for the traditional productivity measurement methods simply. This research first has put out the constitution model of service productivity, and thus put out the measurement model of service productivity. And explains that service productivity is a function which contains internal efficiency, external efficiency, and capacity efficiency. In service productivity, external efficiency is the key one, internal efficie and capacity efficiency should also be given considerations. Eventually, the strategy of implementing measurement of service productivity have been proposed ncy the展开更多
Based on mobile devices as a solution for measurement faces interesting challenges, which involve poor human- computer interaction and limited computer capability. In this paper, we present the mobile sensing system ...Based on mobile devices as a solution for measurement faces interesting challenges, which involve poor human- computer interaction and limited computer capability. In this paper, we present the mobile sensing system （MSS） with func- tions of constructing, configuring and implementing measurement applications. MSS consists of a mobile device and a sensor probe, In the mobile device we install a pocket virtual instrument platform （PVIP）, which has object-oriented software ar- chitecture and can be configured through extensible markup language （XML） files. And these configuration files can be written to the probe. Therefore, the probe can produce the measurement of APP in the mobile device. This infrastructure has been illustrated by a sound signal acquisition task and a flexible force measurement task which are finished with an android smartphone and a probe. These examples suggest that MSS is reconfigurable, highly automatical and flexible.展开更多
To better evaluate the quality of software architecture,a metrics suite is proposed to measure the coupling of software architecture models,in which CBC is used to measure the coupling between components,CBCC is used ...To better evaluate the quality of software architecture,a metrics suite is proposed to measure the coupling of software architecture models,in which CBC is used to measure the coupling between components,CBCC is used to measure the coupling of transferring message between components,CBCCT is used to measure the coupling of software architecture,WCBCC is used to measure the coupling of transferring message with weight between components,and WCBCCT is used to measure the coupling of message transmission with weight in the whole software architecture. The proposed algorithm for the coupling metrics is applied to the design of serve software architecture. Analysis of an example validates the feasibility of this metrics suite.展开更多
There are controversies on ground motion attenuation relations at the epicentral distance of about 100km. Some models predict that the seismic energy remains almost constant or becomes even stronger with increasing di...There are controversies on ground motion attenuation relations at the epicentral distance of about 100km. Some models predict that the seismic energy remains almost constant or becomes even stronger with increasing distance at this distance, while other models hold that it decreases with increased distance. The divergence lies mainly in whether SmS is stronger than direct S and surface waves at this distance. With the MsS. 9 earthquake sequence in the Yingjiang region of Yunnan Province as an example, we demonstrate that SmS is always 2 - 5 times stronger than direct S waves around the epicentral distance of 100km （which is the post-critical distance for S in this region）. Study of synthetic seismograms suggest that crustal structure has an important effect on the amplitude of post-critical SmS, with simple crust producing strong SmS. This preliminary study confirms that in China, SmS also plays an important role on ground motion at distances around 100km, which demands more studies of post-critical SmS.展开更多
Structures of slender shape, like guyed masts, chimneys or TV towers, are exposed to the excitation of dynamic movements. The most common cause of vibration is the wind that reduces generation of vortices. Another imp...Structures of slender shape, like guyed masts, chimneys or TV towers, are exposed to the excitation of dynamic movements. The most common cause of vibration is the wind that reduces generation of vortices. Another important reason is a sudden strike from seismic or para-seismic forces. Structure exposed to wind impact is subjected to harmonically various force, perpendicular to the air stream, which is an effect of vortices, shedding on alternate sides of slructure. Because of the possibility of vibration the damping of a structure has to be designed. Measuring of decay in the oscillation allows to find the logarithmic decrement of the real structure and compare it with the designed value. Apart from damping, the proper designing of tall slender structures has to preserve the significant difference between vortex shedding frequencies and the natural frequencies of the structure shape modes. In the case of guyed masts it is important to analyse the response of a real structure to the exceptional dynamic load, such as a sudden break of guy or fall off a load from a structure, e.g., icing or antennas. The dynamic analysis of a real slructure requires the accurate values describing the dynamic behavior of tall structures （e.g., amplitudes）. The accuracy of 0.1 mm is provided by ground-based interferometric radar. This device is a part of the IBIS-S （image by interferometric survey） system, which calculates the displacement values on the basis of the difference between phases of waves received in consecutive samples. Typically, the measurements of tall structures are performed with several sensors （strain gauges, accelerometers）. Instead, the IBIS-S system allows the quasi-continuous （not limited to points） observation of the entire structure without installation of any sensors or reflectors. The real resolution （along the structure）, which means the minimum distance between two observed points, amounts up to about 0.7 m,展开更多
Experimental investigation and numerical modeling on elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain distributions under monotonic loadings of both the Ni-based directionally solidified(DS)superalloy and Titanium alloy were c...Experimental investigation and numerical modeling on elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain distributions under monotonic loadings of both the Ni-based directionally solidified(DS)superalloy and Titanium alloy were carried out simultaneously.For measuring inhomogeneous deformation fields at notch roots,an optical-numerical full-field surface deformation measurement system was developed based on the digital image correlation(DIC)method.The obtained strain distributions were then verified with reasonable accuracy by finite element simulation,where an anisotropic elastic-viscoplastic constitutive model was developed for DS superalloy and a simple isotropic stress-strain relationship was adopted for Titanium alloy.Meanwhile,factors affecting elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain distributions were systematically investigated numerically,where the emphasis was placed on temperature,loading stress rate,sample shape,anisotropy and notch features.The results show that stress/strain behavior at notch root is significantly affected by the mentioned factors,which are concretely embodied in the distribution of tensile stress/strain,equivalent stress and accumulative equivalent plastic strain.展开更多
The complex permittivity of targeted objects is an important factor that influences its microwave radiation and scattering characteristics.In the quantitative research of microwave remote sensing,the study of the diel...The complex permittivity of targeted objects is an important factor that influences its microwave radiation and scattering characteristics.In the quantitative research of microwave remote sensing,the study of the dielectric properties of the vegetation to establish the relationship between its specific physical parameters and complex permittivity is fundamental.In this study,six categories of vegetation samples were collected at the city of Zhangye,a key research area of the Heihe watershed allied telemetry experimental research.The vector network analyzer E8362B was used to measure the complex permittivity of these samples from 0.2 to 20 GHz by the coaxial probe technique.The research focused mainly on the corn leaves,and an empirical model was established between the gravimetric moisture and the real/imaginary parts of complex permittivity at the main frequency points of microwave sensors.Furthermore,the empirical model and the classical Debye-Cole model were compared and verified by the measured data collected from the Huailai County of Hebei Province.The results show that the newly- established empirical model is more accurate and more practical as compared to the traditional Debye-Cole model.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61104218,21006127)the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB720500)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum(YJRC-2013-12)
文摘The processes of building dynamic and static relationships between secondary and primary variables are usually integrated in most of nonlinear dynamic soft sensor models. However, such integration limits the estimation accuracy of soft sensor models. Wiener model effectively describes dynamic and static characteristics of a system with the structure of dynamic and static submodels in cascade. We propose a soft sensor model derived from Wiener model structure, which is an extension of Wiener model. Dynamic and static relationships between secondary and primary variables are built respectively to describe the dynamic and static characteristics of system. The feasibility of this model is verified. Then the expression of discrete model is derived for soft sensor system. Conjugate gradient algorithm is applied to identify the dynamic and static model parameters alternately. Corresponding update method for soft sensor system is also given. Case studies confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model, alternate identification algorithm, and update method.
文摘Purpose： To assess the effects of trust in the coach on commitment to coach, willingness to cooperate, and perceived performance. Methods： Two hundred and fifteen members of competitive sports clubs responded to scales measuring coach characteristics of justice, benevolence, integrity, and competence; athlete＇s trust in the coach; commitment to coach; willingness to cooperate; and perceived performance. Results： Confirmatory factor analysis of data supported the measurement model. Perceptions of a coach＇s justice （β = 0.19, p 〈 0.05）, benevolence （β = 0.32, p 〈 0.05）, integrity （β= 0.14, p 〈 0.05）, and competence （β = 0.29, p 〈 0.05） each had a significant effect on athletes＇ trust, and they cumulatively accounted for 61% of the variance in trust. The structural equation modeling showed that trust had direct effects on commitment to coach （β = 0.77, p 〈 0.01）, willingness to cooperate （β= 0.79, p 〈 0.01 ）, and perceived performance （β = 0.51, p 〈 0.01）,. The hypothesized mediating effects of commitment to coach and willingness to cooperate were not supported. The model explained 26% of the variance in perceived performance. Conclusion： As trust in coach influences commitment to coach, willingness to cooperate, and perceived performance, coaches need to take effort to bolster their athletes＇ trust by being just and benevolent, and enhancing their integrity and competence.
基金Projects(20775010, 21075011) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA05Z405) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China+2 种基金Project(09JJ3016) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, ChinaProject(09C066) supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, ChinaProject(2010CL01) supported by the Foundation of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, China
文摘A quantitative structure-spectrum relationship (QSSR) model was developed to simulate 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of carbinol carbon atoms for 55 alcohols. The proposed model,using multiple linear regression,contained four descriptors solely extracted from the molecular structure of compounds. The statistical results of the final model show that R2= 0.982 4 and S=0.869 8 (where R is the correlation coefficient and S is the standard deviation). To test its predictive ability,the model was further used to predict the 13C NMR spectra of the carbinol carbon atoms of other nine compounds which were not included in the developed model. The average relative errors are 0.94% and 1.70%,respectively,for the training set and the predictive set. The model is statistically significant and shows good stability for data variation as tested by the leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation. The comparison with other approaches also reveals good performance of this method.
文摘As a key factor of economic growth, productivity has been valued in the academic community. Today, with the rapid development of service industry, the research for service productivity has also attracted wide attention. However, in the service industry, because of its own characteristics and properties, measurement of service productivity could not apply for the traditional productivity measurement methods simply. This research first has put out the constitution model of service productivity, and thus put out the measurement model of service productivity. And explains that service productivity is a function which contains internal efficiency, external efficiency, and capacity efficiency. In service productivity, external efficiency is the key one, internal efficie and capacity efficiency should also be given considerations. Eventually, the strategy of implementing measurement of service productivity have been proposed ncy the
基金The Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China,Within the Framework of the Project the CNC Products innovation demonstration(No.2012BAF13B06)
文摘Based on mobile devices as a solution for measurement faces interesting challenges, which involve poor human- computer interaction and limited computer capability. In this paper, we present the mobile sensing system （MSS） with func- tions of constructing, configuring and implementing measurement applications. MSS consists of a mobile device and a sensor probe, In the mobile device we install a pocket virtual instrument platform （PVIP）, which has object-oriented software ar- chitecture and can be configured through extensible markup language （XML） files. And these configuration files can be written to the probe. Therefore, the probe can produce the measurement of APP in the mobile device. This infrastructure has been illustrated by a sound signal acquisition task and a flexible force measurement task which are finished with an android smartphone and a probe. These examples suggest that MSS is reconfigurable, highly automatical and flexible.
基金Sponsored by the Science and Technology Department Term of Education of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No. 10541098)
文摘To better evaluate the quality of software architecture,a metrics suite is proposed to measure the coupling of software architecture models,in which CBC is used to measure the coupling between components,CBCC is used to measure the coupling of transferring message between components,CBCCT is used to measure the coupling of software architecture,WCBCC is used to measure the coupling of transferring message with weight between components,and WCBCCT is used to measure the coupling of message transmission with weight in the whole software architecture. The proposed algorithm for the coupling metrics is applied to the design of serve software architecture. Analysis of an example validates the feasibility of this metrics suite.
基金sponsored by the Basic Scientific Research Specific Program (02092410),Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration
文摘There are controversies on ground motion attenuation relations at the epicentral distance of about 100km. Some models predict that the seismic energy remains almost constant or becomes even stronger with increasing distance at this distance, while other models hold that it decreases with increased distance. The divergence lies mainly in whether SmS is stronger than direct S and surface waves at this distance. With the MsS. 9 earthquake sequence in the Yingjiang region of Yunnan Province as an example, we demonstrate that SmS is always 2 - 5 times stronger than direct S waves around the epicentral distance of 100km （which is the post-critical distance for S in this region）. Study of synthetic seismograms suggest that crustal structure has an important effect on the amplitude of post-critical SmS, with simple crust producing strong SmS. This preliminary study confirms that in China, SmS also plays an important role on ground motion at distances around 100km, which demands more studies of post-critical SmS.
文摘Structures of slender shape, like guyed masts, chimneys or TV towers, are exposed to the excitation of dynamic movements. The most common cause of vibration is the wind that reduces generation of vortices. Another important reason is a sudden strike from seismic or para-seismic forces. Structure exposed to wind impact is subjected to harmonically various force, perpendicular to the air stream, which is an effect of vortices, shedding on alternate sides of slructure. Because of the possibility of vibration the damping of a structure has to be designed. Measuring of decay in the oscillation allows to find the logarithmic decrement of the real structure and compare it with the designed value. Apart from damping, the proper designing of tall slender structures has to preserve the significant difference between vortex shedding frequencies and the natural frequencies of the structure shape modes. In the case of guyed masts it is important to analyse the response of a real structure to the exceptional dynamic load, such as a sudden break of guy or fall off a load from a structure, e.g., icing or antennas. The dynamic analysis of a real slructure requires the accurate values describing the dynamic behavior of tall structures （e.g., amplitudes）. The accuracy of 0.1 mm is provided by ground-based interferometric radar. This device is a part of the IBIS-S （image by interferometric survey） system, which calculates the displacement values on the basis of the difference between phases of waves received in consecutive samples. Typically, the measurements of tall structures are performed with several sensors （strain gauges, accelerometers）. Instead, the IBIS-S system allows the quasi-continuous （not limited to points） observation of the entire structure without installation of any sensors or reflectors. The real resolution （along the structure）, which means the minimum distance between two observed points, amounts up to about 0.7 m,
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51275023)the Innovation Foundation of BUAA for PhD Graduates(Grant No.YWF-14-YJSY-49)
文摘Experimental investigation and numerical modeling on elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain distributions under monotonic loadings of both the Ni-based directionally solidified(DS)superalloy and Titanium alloy were carried out simultaneously.For measuring inhomogeneous deformation fields at notch roots,an optical-numerical full-field surface deformation measurement system was developed based on the digital image correlation(DIC)method.The obtained strain distributions were then verified with reasonable accuracy by finite element simulation,where an anisotropic elastic-viscoplastic constitutive model was developed for DS superalloy and a simple isotropic stress-strain relationship was adopted for Titanium alloy.Meanwhile,factors affecting elasto-plastic notch-root stress/strain distributions were systematically investigated numerically,where the emphasis was placed on temperature,loading stress rate,sample shape,anisotropy and notch features.The results show that stress/strain behavior at notch root is significantly affected by the mentioned factors,which are concretely embodied in the distribution of tensile stress/strain,equivalent stress and accumulative equivalent plastic strain.
基金supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant Nos.2011AA120403&2010CB951403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41101391)
文摘The complex permittivity of targeted objects is an important factor that influences its microwave radiation and scattering characteristics.In the quantitative research of microwave remote sensing,the study of the dielectric properties of the vegetation to establish the relationship between its specific physical parameters and complex permittivity is fundamental.In this study,six categories of vegetation samples were collected at the city of Zhangye,a key research area of the Heihe watershed allied telemetry experimental research.The vector network analyzer E8362B was used to measure the complex permittivity of these samples from 0.2 to 20 GHz by the coaxial probe technique.The research focused mainly on the corn leaves,and an empirical model was established between the gravimetric moisture and the real/imaginary parts of complex permittivity at the main frequency points of microwave sensors.Furthermore,the empirical model and the classical Debye-Cole model were compared and verified by the measured data collected from the Huailai County of Hebei Province.The results show that the newly- established empirical model is more accurate and more practical as compared to the traditional Debye-Cole model.
