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激光引信抗烟幕干扰浓度分层场景等效建模方法
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作者 谢悦 栗鸣 +2 位作者 侯亚丽 李铁 高斯骋 《探测与控制学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期39-45,共7页
针对目前缺少激光引信抗烟幕干扰等效动态交会试验场景构建方法,且未考虑不同浓度区间对引信响应特性的影响等问题,提出基于浓度分层的烟幕等效试验场景构建方法,结合烟幕干扰仿真模型及等效场景设计,设计并形成典型遭遇条件、不同浓度... 针对目前缺少激光引信抗烟幕干扰等效动态交会试验场景构建方法,且未考虑不同浓度区间对引信响应特性的影响等问题,提出基于浓度分层的烟幕等效试验场景构建方法,结合烟幕干扰仿真模型及等效场景设计,设计并形成典型遭遇条件、不同浓度状态的烟幕区域,模拟引信接近及穿过烟幕干扰场景,基于引信在不同浓度分层、有无等效目标条件下的动态交会回波,复现引信在真实烟幕干扰环境下的响应特性,通过仿真和理论模型相结合的手段,支撑烟幕粒子及流动参数的适配性选择,具备实验室条件下引信抗烟幕干扰性能验证能力,满足激光引信抗烟幕遮蔽干扰指标及边界条件验证等需求。 展开更多
关键词 激光引信 烟幕 浓度分层 抗干扰验证
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不同辛烷值燃料浓度分层燃烧和排放特性 被引量:4
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作者 刘海峰 马乃锋 +2 位作者 陈鹏 查海恩 杨彬 《内燃机学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第5期408-414,共7页
在一台改造的单缸柴油机上,采用气道喷射结合缸内直喷构建不同程度的混合气浓度分层,分别燃用低辛烷值PRF30和高辛烷值PRF70两种基础燃料,调节预混合率Rp,即气道喷油量占循环总油量比例为0、30%,、50%,、70%,和100%,,在EGR率为0和45%,... 在一台改造的单缸柴油机上,采用气道喷射结合缸内直喷构建不同程度的混合气浓度分层,分别燃用低辛烷值PRF30和高辛烷值PRF70两种基础燃料,调节预混合率Rp,即气道喷油量占循环总油量比例为0、30%,、50%,、70%,和100%,,在EGR率为0和45%,、直喷时刻为-4°、-8°、-12°和-16°,CA下开展台架试验.结果表明:减小Rp或推迟缸内直喷时刻,高辛烷值PRF70燃料着火时刻推迟,预混放热峰值均高于扩散燃烧放热峰值;低辛烷值PRF30燃料在高预混率下,着火时刻受缸内直喷时刻的影响较小,Rp降至50%,后,扩散燃烧占主导,其放热峰值高于预混放热峰值;减小Rp能够显著降低最大压力升高率,但造成NOx排放升高;引入EGR可降低由浓度分层导致的较高NOx排放,同时增加指示热效率;避开中等预混合率(Rp=50%,)可实现更低的THC和CO排放. 展开更多
关键词 柴油机 辛烷值 浓度分层 燃烧特性 排放
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浓度分层下正庚烷自点火过程的直接数值模拟 被引量:1
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作者 吴煜杨 叶桃红 朱旻明 《燃烧科学与技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第4期353-358,共6页
针对实际内燃机内存在浓度分层的情况,采用直接数值模拟,研究了浓度分层对正庚烷在空气中的自点火过程的影响.结果表明:在压力2.4MPa,初始温度860K(位于负温度系数区域)下,随着浓度分层的增加,整体着火时间提前,但是第1阶段点火延迟时... 针对实际内燃机内存在浓度分层的情况,采用直接数值模拟,研究了浓度分层对正庚烷在空气中的自点火过程的影响.结果表明:在压力2.4MPa,初始温度860K(位于负温度系数区域)下,随着浓度分层的增加,整体着火时间提前,但是第1阶段点火延迟时间几乎没有变化.第2阶段着火位置的混合物分数随着浓度分层的增加而变大,说明两阶段着火不存在统一的最易着火的混合分数.通过budget分析,揭示低温反应和高温反应阶段存在不同的火焰传播模式. 展开更多
关键词 自点火过程 点火延迟时间 浓度分层 直接数值模拟 负温度系数
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水平管道细粉高浓度分层流动阻力特性的试验研究 被引量:6
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作者 邱朋华 陈力哲 +2 位作者 王宏 吴少华 秦裕琨 《热能动力工程》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2001年第1期23-25,72,共4页
高浓度粉体输送由于人们对其优越性认识的深入而得到了广泛的研究。水平管内分层流动是高浓度粉体输送流型中最重要的形式 ,研究其阻力特性有着重要的意义。本文通过对近 5 0年来在这一领域内工作的回顾 ,分析了不同学者所获得的经验公... 高浓度粉体输送由于人们对其优越性认识的深入而得到了广泛的研究。水平管内分层流动是高浓度粉体输送流型中最重要的形式 ,研究其阻力特性有着重要的意义。本文通过对近 5 0年来在这一领域内工作的回顾 ,分析了不同学者所获得的经验公式的利弊。在一高浓度气力输送试验台上的试验 ,获得了水平管道细粉高浓度分层流动的阻力公式 ,误差分析认为 ,该公式能够满足一般工程设计要求。 展开更多
关键词 气力输送 阻力特性 气固两相流动 水平管道 浓度粉体分层流动
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浓差极化与电液浓度分层
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作者 吴继清 《蓄电池》 1998年第3期7-9,共3页
浓差极化是电极表面附近在电化学反应进行时,由于离于扩散速度控制了电化学反应步骤而形成的浓度梯度。电液分层是一种宏观现象,是由于电池在使用过程中逐步累积而成的。
关键词 浓差极化 电液浓度分层 电池 充电 放电
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基于PFI+DI的CNG发动机燃烧特性研究
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作者 高晨莹 李清清 《内燃机与配件》 2023年第2期13-15,共3页
建立天然气发动机三维模型,采用甲烷PFI+DI喷射方式,研究不同喷射参数与点火匹配条件下的燃烧模式,分析了三种燃烧模式下的火焰传播、火焰结构以及发动机指示热效率。结果表明:喷射与点火间隔小于12℃A时,会形成烟羽点火火焰形态,当喷... 建立天然气发动机三维模型,采用甲烷PFI+DI喷射方式,研究不同喷射参数与点火匹配条件下的燃烧模式,分析了三种燃烧模式下的火焰传播、火焰结构以及发动机指示热效率。结果表明:喷射与点火间隔小于12℃A时,会形成烟羽点火火焰形态,当喷射与点火间隔大于12℃A小于48℃A会形成浓度分层火焰形态,当大于48℃A时会形成预混火焰形态;烟羽点火的火焰传播速度明显高于另外两种燃烧模式;当燃气后喷时,在气流的作用下会与原来的混合气形成浓度分层;在三种燃烧模式下,通过多次调整喷射与点火方案,当喷射时刻为10℃A BTDC,点火时刻为4℃A BTDC,形成的火焰形态为烟羽点火形态,指示热效率高于另外两种燃烧模式,发动机指示热效率最高可达49.45%。 展开更多
关键词 稀薄燃烧 缸内直喷 烟羽点火 预混燃烧 浓度分层
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原位测量式分析仪在烟气排放监测系统中的设计研究 被引量:1
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作者 王毅 何玲 《天津科技》 2014年第7期11-15,共5页
空气污染问题在我国日益严重,空气质量逐年下降给人们的生活环境造成巨大影响,监测和控制工业排放对空气造成的污染越来越受到重视。针对烟气排放监测系统中原位测量式分析仪的设计方法进行了研究,对设计如何满足使用环境和监测对象的要... 空气污染问题在我国日益严重,空气质量逐年下降给人们的生活环境造成巨大影响,监测和控制工业排放对空气造成的污染越来越受到重视。针对烟气排放监测系统中原位测量式分析仪的设计方法进行了研究,对设计如何满足使用环境和监测对象的要求,从而更准确地得到监测数据进行了阐述。 展开更多
关键词 烟气排放连续检测系统 原位测量式分析仪 光谱 光学深度 气体浓度分层
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直接数值模拟浓度和温度分层下庚烷的点火 被引量:2
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作者 张帆 尧命发 《工程热物理学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第1期213-218,共6页
使用二维直接数值模拟方法研究HCCI发动机条件下浓度和温度不均匀性对庚烷点火过程的影响。计算中考虑了详细的组分输运过程、活塞运动带来的气体压缩效应以及简化的庚烷化学动力学机理。二维直接数值模拟展示了燃料的负温度系数(NTC)... 使用二维直接数值模拟方法研究HCCI发动机条件下浓度和温度不均匀性对庚烷点火过程的影响。计算中考虑了详细的组分输运过程、活塞运动带来的气体压缩效应以及简化的庚烷化学动力学机理。二维直接数值模拟展示了燃料的负温度系数(NTC)特性对点火过程的影响,结果表明浓度分层增加使得第二阶段点火延迟时间缩短;温度分层增加,点火延迟时间增加,与具有单一阶段点火特性的燃料相反。之后使用相同DNS程序计算了一维算例,发现初始温度在NTC以内,并且温度与浓度不相关时,浓度分层对点火过程起主导作用,浓度高温度较低的区域先着火;初始温度在NTC以外,并且温度与浓度负相关时,存在一个最容易着火的区域:浓度和温度都较高的地方先点火。 展开更多
关键词 自点火 直接数值模拟 浓度和温度分层 庚烷 均质压燃发动机
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The numerical simulation and inversion fitting of radon concentration distribution in homogeneous overburden above active fault zones 被引量:1
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作者 刘菁华 王祝文 王晓丽 《Applied Geophysics》 SCIE CSCD 2008年第3期238-244,共7页
Based on the convection and diffusion mechanisms of radon migration, in this paper we deduce the two-dimensional differential equation for radon transportation in the overburden above active fault zones with an unlimi... Based on the convection and diffusion mechanisms of radon migration, in this paper we deduce the two-dimensional differential equation for radon transportation in the overburden above active fault zones with an unlimited extension along the strike. Making use of the finite difference method, the radon concentration distribution in the overburden above active faults is calculated and modeled. The active fault zone parameters, such as the depth and the width of the fault zone, and the value of radon concentration, can be inverted from the measured radon concentration curve. These realize quantitative interpretation for radon concentration anomalies. The inversion results are in good agreement with the actual fault zone parameters. 展开更多
关键词 active fault zone radon concentration distribution numerical simulation inversion fitting
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MHD stagnation point flow by a permeable stretching cylinder with Soret-Dufour effects 被引量:2
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作者 M.Ramzan M.Farooq +2 位作者 T.Hayat A.Alsaedi J.Cao 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第2期707-716,共10页
Combined effects of Soret(thermal-diffusion) and Dufour(diffusion-thermo) in MHD stagnation point flow by a permeable stretching cylinder were studied. Analysis was examined in the presence of heat generation/absorpti... Combined effects of Soret(thermal-diffusion) and Dufour(diffusion-thermo) in MHD stagnation point flow by a permeable stretching cylinder were studied. Analysis was examined in the presence of heat generation/absorption and chemical reaction. The laws of conservation of mass, momentum, energy and concentration are found to lead to the mathematical development of the problem. Suitable transformations were used to convert the nonlinear partial differential equations into the ordinary differential equations. The series solutions of boundary layer equations through momentum, energy and concentration equations were obtained.Convergence of the developed series solutions was discussed via plots and numerical values. The behaviors of different physical parameters on the velocity components, temperature and concentration were obtained. Numerical values of Nusselt number, skin friction and Sherwood number with different parameters were computed and analyzed. It is found that Dufour and Soret numbers result in the enhancement of temperature and concentration distributions, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 stagnation point flow Soret-Dufour effects stretching cylinder suction/injection chemical reaction
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Soil detachment and transport under the combined action of rainfall and runoff energy on shallow overland flow 被引量:5
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作者 LI Guang-lu ZHENG Teng-hui +2 位作者 FU Yu LI Bai-qiao ZHANG Teng 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2017年第7期1373-1383,共11页
Rainfall and runoff energy results in soil erosion. This paper presents new the concepts of rainfall and runoff energy and analyzes the relationship of rainfall energy and runoff energy with sediment transport based o... Rainfall and runoff energy results in soil erosion. This paper presents new the concepts of rainfall and runoff energy and analyzes the relationship of rainfall energy and runoff energy with sediment transport based on the conversion theory of kinetic and potential energy using artificial rainfall and mechanical calculation. The results show that the ratio of sediment detachment in sloping fallow overland flow increases with the slope gradient,rainfall energy and runoff energy, while the sediment detachment ratio under raindrop impact are significantly higher than those under no raindrop impact. The sediment concentration increases with the slope gradient and rainfall energy; when the slope gradient and rainfall energy are constant, the sediment concentration decreases as the runoff energy increases. Rainfall disturbance coefficients have a logarithmic correlation with the rate of rainfall energy and runoff energy. On the same slope gradient,when the rainfall energy is constant, the disturbance coefficient decreases as the runoff energy increases,while when the runoff energy is constant, the disturbance coefficient increases as the rainfall energyincreases. Rainfall energy results in sediment detachment, and runoff energy is the transportation for erosion sediment. This showed that rainfall energy and runoff energy are important in the sediment detachment and transportation of shallow overland flow. 展开更多
关键词 Shallow overland flow Rainfall energy Runoff energy Sediment detachment Disturbancecoefficient
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Thermal and concentration analysis of Phan-Thien-Tanner fluid flow due to ciliary movement in a peripheral layer 被引量:1
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作者 Khadija MAQBOOL Sidra SHAHEEN +1 位作者 Elena BOBESCU R.ELLAHI 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第11期3327-3339,共13页
This paper presents the analysis of two-layer cilia induced flow of Phan-Thien-Tanner(PTT) fluid with thermal and concentration effect.The Phan-Thien-Tanner fluid model has been used in the analogy of mucus present in... This paper presents the analysis of two-layer cilia induced flow of Phan-Thien-Tanner(PTT) fluid with thermal and concentration effect.The Phan-Thien-Tanner fluid model has been used in the analogy of mucus present in the respiratory tract.The two-layer model approach was used due to the Peri Ciliary liquid Layer(PCL) and Airway Ciliary Layer(ACL) present on the epithelium cell in respiratory tract.The mathematical modelling of two-layer flow problem was simplified using long wavelength and small Reynold ’ s number approximation.The resulting differential equation with moving boundary gives exact solution for velocity,temperature and concentration profiles in two layers.The change in pressure has calculated by the results of velocity profile,also the pressure rise was evaluated by the numerical integration of pressure gradient along the channel wall.The impact of physical parameters on pressure rise,velocity,temperature and concentration profile was explained by the graphs.It can be seen from graphs that velocity and temperature profile are maximum in the inner layer of fluid(PCL) and concentration profile is maximum at outer layers of fluid(ACL). 展开更多
关键词 ciliary flow PTT fluid two-layer model thermal analysis concentration effect
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煤矿硫化氢气体扩散规律及消除实验研究 被引量:5
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作者 高宏 杨宏伟 +1 位作者 韩兵 钱志良 《煤矿安全》 CAS 北大核心 2019年第2期14-18,共5页
为了降低回采工作面硫化氢的浓度,保障工作人员的生命安全和工作面的安全快速回采,分别对富含硫化氢煤体的水样、煤样的成本在国家重点实验室进行化验分析,通过测定回采期间的硫化氢的浓度,得出割煤期间工作面硫化氢扩散浓度分布规律。... 为了降低回采工作面硫化氢的浓度,保障工作人员的生命安全和工作面的安全快速回采,分别对富含硫化氢煤体的水样、煤样的成本在国家重点实验室进行化验分析,通过测定回采期间的硫化氢的浓度,得出割煤期间工作面硫化氢扩散浓度分布规律。通过1303回采面打分层钻孔,从纵向角度观测了硫化氢浓度,从而判断了硫化氢来源的煤层。通过在实验室测试碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙、硫酸亚铁、氯化铁、硫酸铜等试剂及其混合溶液对硫化氢的消除实验,得出实用、有效、安全、经济的硫化氢吸收试剂为碳酸钠,其次为碳酸氢钠。 展开更多
关键词 水样分析 煤样分析 扩散规律 分层孔硫化氢浓度观测 硫化氢气体消除实验
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正庚烷/空气液雾自点火0D与2D数值模拟研究
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作者 吴煜杨 叶桃红 朱旻明 《工程热物理学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第10期3187-3195,共9页
本文采用零维计算和二维直接数值模拟,对初始空气温度1200 K和压力607950 Pa下的液雾两相正庚烷/空气自点火过程展开研究。受到液滴蒸发影响,空间内形成较大的温度、浓度分层,空间内同时存在高温化学反应与低温化学反应,并且出现低温化... 本文采用零维计算和二维直接数值模拟,对初始空气温度1200 K和压力607950 Pa下的液雾两相正庚烷/空气自点火过程展开研究。受到液滴蒸发影响,空间内形成较大的温度、浓度分层,空间内同时存在高温化学反应与低温化学反应,并且出现低温化学反应滞后于高温自点火、高温热焰将低温反应区包裹的现象。液雾自点火高温着火核所对应的最易着火混合物分数位于贫燃侧,且大于0D中仅考虑蒸发导致浓度及温度分层的情况的结果,更接近于当量混合。通过0D计算,可以预估流场中可能会发生的自点火类型,定性确定着火位置的分布,以及相应的点火延迟时间。 展开更多
关键词 液雾自点火 温度和浓度分层 直接数值模拟 点火延迟时间 最易着火混合物分数
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Self-organized layered growth phenomena of diffusion couples with spinodal decomposition in binary alloys
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作者 Yong LU Yuan-yuan CUI +4 位作者 Qiao-qiao TANG Cui-ping WANG Zhen-bang WEI Shui-yuan YANG Xing-jun LIU 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第2期349-357,共9页
In order to investigate the formation mechanisms of the layered growth phenomena in diffusion couples with spinodal decomposition,a phase field model combined with elastic strain field was employed.Microstructure evol... In order to investigate the formation mechanisms of the layered growth phenomena in diffusion couples with spinodal decomposition,a phase field model combined with elastic strain field was employed.Microstructure evolutions of diffusion couple with spinodal decomposition in binary alloys were numerically simulated by considering concentration fluctuation and elastic anisotropy.The simulation results indicate that the number of the periodical layers decreases with the increase of initial concentration fluctuation,even with large elastic anisotropy.The growth of layered microstructures can be attributed to the directional diffusion enhanced by initially discontinuous chemical potential at the interface. 展开更多
关键词 spinodal decomposition concentration fluctuation phase field method layered structure diffusion couple
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Influence of Cell Components Structure on Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena in Single-Cell PEFC
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作者 Akira Nishimura Atsushi Morimoto +5 位作者 Shigeki Tanaka Atsushi Oshima Masafumi Hirota Eiji Tohma Yukio Kimura Masahiko Narita 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2012年第4期504-518,共15页
The purpose of this study is to point out the dominant factor of heat and mass distribution in single-cell PEFC (polymer electrolyte fuel cell). The numerical simulation by simple 3D model to clarify the influence o... The purpose of this study is to point out the dominant factor of heat and mass distribution in single-cell PEFC (polymer electrolyte fuel cell). The numerical simulation by simple 3D model to clarify the influence of cell components structure on heat and mass transfer phenomena as well as power generation experiment and measurement of in-plane temperature distribution by thermograph was carried out. From the simulation, the gas channel pitch of separator was the key factor to unify in-plane distribution of temperature and gas concentration on reaction surface in cell. The compression of GDL (gas diffusion layer) by cell binding caused wider distribution of mass concentration in GDL. From the experiment, the power generation performance was promoted with decreasing gas channel pitch. The temperature range in observation area was reduced with decreasing gas channel pitch. It can be concluded that the power generation performance is promoted by decreasing gas channel pitch. 展开更多
关键词 PEFC gas channel pitch effect of compression of GDL heat and mass transfer.
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Low Concentration of CO Gas Sensor by Atomic Layer Deposition
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作者 Mehmet Demir Ozlem Barin +2 位作者 Irmak Karaduman Dilber Esra Yildiz Selim Acar 《Journal of Physical Science and Application》 2014年第8期488-492,共5页
In this study, Al/TiO2/Al2O3/p-Si was fabricated as a gas sensor. TiO2 and Al2O3 were grown by Atomic Layer Deposition method. The prepared film was tested in various gas concentrations at different operating temperat... In this study, Al/TiO2/Al2O3/p-Si was fabricated as a gas sensor. TiO2 and Al2O3 were grown by Atomic Layer Deposition method. The prepared film was tested in various gas concentrations at different operating temperatures ranging between 27 ℃ to 177 ℃. The sensitivity increases with increasing gas concentration and operating temperature which have a direct effect on sensing surface. The gas sensing mechanism could be explained with the surface controlled type based on the change of the electrical conductance of the semiconducting material. This mechanism is controlled by CO molecules and the amount of chemisorbed oxygen on the surface which is associated with temperature. Sample exhibits the basic parameters for gas sensors applications which are good stability, reproducibility and high sensitivity to CO gas which are. In addition, the response and recovery times are measured 19 and 26 s, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Gas Sensors CO surface controlled type.
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Salt Accumulation and Physiology of Naturally Occurring Grasses in Saline Soils in Australia 被引量:2
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作者 Mohammad S.I.BHUIYAN Anantanarayanan RAMAN +2 位作者 Dennis S.HODGKINS David MITCHELL Helen I.NICOL 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第4期501-511,共11页
Salinity is a major soil contamination problem in Australia. To explore salinity remediation, we evaluated the concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) in roots and shoots... Salinity is a major soil contamination problem in Australia. To explore salinity remediation, we evaluated the concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) in roots and shoots and in the supporting soil of the naturally occurring grasses, Cynodon dactylon and Thinopyrurn ponticum, at two salt-affected sites, Gumble and Cundumbul in central-western New South Wales, Australia. The physiological parameters of the two grass species, including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), were investigated using one mature leaf from C. dactylon and T. ponticum populations. Increasing salinity levels in the topsoil had a significant influence on Ci and gs, whereas no significant effect occurred on Pn in C. dactylon and T. ponticum. The Pn values in C. dactylon and T. ponticum were greater at Cundumbul than at Gumble. The greater Mg concentration facilitated greater Pn in C. dactylon and T. ponticum populations at Cundumbul than Gumble. With increasing salinity levels in the soil, Na accumulation increased in C. dactylon and T. ponticum. The ratio between K and Na was ~ 1 in roots and shoots of both populations irrespective of the sites. Bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF) results revealed that K and Na translocations were significantly higher in T. ponticum than in C. dactylon, whereas Ca and Mg translocations were significantly higher in C. dactylon than in T. ponticum. Accumulation of Na, K, Mg, and Ca ions was higher in T. ponticum than in C. dactylon; therefore, we suggest that T. ponticum as a greater salt accumulator than C. dactylon could be used for revegetation and phytoremediation of the salt-affected soils. 展开更多
关键词 bioaccumulation factor intercellular CO2 concentration net photosynthetic rate PHYTOREMEDIATION REVEGETATION soilcontamination stomatal conductance translocation factor
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Mixed Convective Viscoelastic Nanofluid Flow Past a Porous Media with Soret–Dufour Effects 被引量:1
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作者 M.Ramzan Farhan Yousaf +1 位作者 M.Farooq Jae Dong Chung 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第7期133-142,共10页
The present study is carried out to see the thermal-diffusion(Dufour) and diffusion-thermo(Soret) effects on the mixed convection boundary layer flow of viscoelastic nanofluid flow over a vertical stretching surface i... The present study is carried out to see the thermal-diffusion(Dufour) and diffusion-thermo(Soret) effects on the mixed convection boundary layer flow of viscoelastic nanofluid flow over a vertical stretching surface in a porous medium. Optimal homotopy analysis method(OHAM) is best candidate to handle highly nonlinear system of differential equations obtained from boundary layer partial differential equations via appropriate transformations. Graphical illustrations depicting different physical arising parameters against velocity, temperature and concentration distributions with required discussion have also been added. Numerically calculated values of skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are given in the form of table and well argued. It is found that nanofluid velocity increases with increase in mixed convective and viscoelastic parameters but it decreases with the increasing values of porosity parameter. Also, it is observed that Dufour number has opposite behavior on temperature and concentration profiles. 展开更多
关键词 mixed convection porous media nanofluid flow soret-dufour effects
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Simulation of tin penetration process in the surface layer of soda-lime-silica float glass
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作者 ZHANG Qin CHEN ZeJing LI ZhiXin 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第3期691-697,共7页
Based on the analysis of tin penetration mechanism in the float glass process, the oxidation model of stannous ion is constructed considering the oxygen activity and the redox reaction in the glass surface layer. The ... Based on the analysis of tin penetration mechanism in the float glass process, the oxidation model of stannous ion is constructed considering the oxygen activity and the redox reaction in the glass surface layer. The calculation of stannous ion's oxidation rate makes it possible to predict both stannous and stannic ion's concentrations independently. And it is also the necessary precondition for the numerical verification of tin penetration mechanism. Coupled diffusion simulation method is established to simulate the penetration process of both stannous and stannic ions simultaneously. The result shows that when the green glass is formed in the reducing atmosphere in tin bath, the stannic ion is accumulated at the position where oxygen activity changes sharply. Satellite peak (internal local concentration maximum) occurs in the tin concentration profile of green glass, which is quite different from that in low iron glass. Compared with gradually cooling temperature regulation, the tin penetrated shifts to greater depth and the depth and magnitude of the satellite peak also increase when reheating temperature regulation is applied. In order to reduce the amount of penetrated tin, the residual time in the high temperature region should be shortened. 展开更多
关键词 float glass tin penetration satellite peak
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