Based on the difference in tendency to polymerize between tungsten and molybdenum, a new method using D309 resin was propounded. The batch tests indicate that the optimum pH value and contact time for the separation a...Based on the difference in tendency to polymerize between tungsten and molybdenum, a new method using D309 resin was propounded. The batch tests indicate that the optimum pH value and contact time for the separation are 7.0 and 4 h respectively, the maxium separation factor of W and Mo is 9.29. And the experimental resules show that isothermal absorbing tungsten and molybdenum belongs to Langmuir model and Freundlich model respectively, and the absorbing kinetics for tungsten is controlled by intra-particle diffusion. With a solution containing 70 g/L WO3 and 28.97 g/L Mo, the effluent with a mass ratio of Mo to WO3 of 76 and the eluate with a mass ratio of WO3 to Mo of 53.33 are obtained after column test.展开更多
A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effect of partial replacement of NO-3-N by NH4+-N on the seedling growth and organic acid content of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). A completely randomized d...A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effect of partial replacement of NO-3-N by NH4+-N on the seedling growth and organic acid content of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). A completely randomized design was established with three replications and five treatments, i.e., NO-3-N/NH4+-N of 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100. Results showed that 25% replacement of NO3--N by NH4+-N significantly (P = 0.05) improved fresh and dry weight, revealing that a proper percentage of NH4+-N was important for tomato nitrogen nutrition. This could increase the plant growth even though tomato was a crop that preferred nitrate nutrition. Also an increase in the proportion of NH4+-N in the nutrient solution led to a significant decrease (P = 0.05) in malate, citrate and fumarate. However, the 25% NH4+-N plus 75% NO3--N treatment had no significant effect (P = 0.05) on the 2-ketoglutarate, succinate or oxalic acid content, showing that only some organic acids in tomato plants were affected. Only pyruvate increased significantly (P = 0.05), and it only increased for 25% and 50% replacement of NO3--N by NH4+-N. Metabolism of these organic acids, especially malate, citrate and fumarate, should be further studied at the molecular level in vegetables applied with different nitrogen forms.展开更多
To investigate effects of Zn on Cd uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) in solution culture, long-time hydroponic experiment (1 month) (Experiment 1) and short-time Cd isotope (109Cd) tracing experiment (24 ...To investigate effects of Zn on Cd uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) in solution culture, long-time hydroponic experiment (1 month) (Experiment 1) and short-time Cd isotope (109Cd) tracing experiment (24 h) (Experiment 2) were conducted. In Experiment 1, spring wheat (cv. Brookton) was grown in nutrient solution at uniform cadmium concentration of 20μ mol/L and 10 zinc concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 μ mol/L). In Experiment 2, spring wheat seedlings,pre-cultivated in complete nutrient solution, were treated with 109Cd of uniform activity and the same series of Zn concentrations as those in Experiment 1 for 24 h. Cd concentrations in shoots and roots in Experiment 1 increased marginally but not consistently with Zn increasing at Zn rates of 1～200 μmol/L, and then decreased significantly at high rates (＞200 μ mol/L). In Experiment 2, the response of 109Cd activities in shoots and roots to increasing Zn was greatly similar to the response of Cd concentrations to Zn increasing in Experiment 1. The results of the two experiments indicated that the short-time and long-time exposure of spring wheat to Zn had similar effects on Cd accumulation.展开更多
Freezing processes of several liquids under static magnetic field(SMF) less than 50 mT were investigated. Central temperature of liquid samples held in glass test tubes immersed in a liquid bath was measured and colle...Freezing processes of several liquids under static magnetic field(SMF) less than 50 mT were investigated. Central temperature of liquid samples held in glass test tubes immersed in a liquid bath was measured and collected. Nucleation temperature and phase transition time were obtained from freezing curves. Normality tests were performed for nucleation temperature of these liquids with/without magnetic field and normality distributions were justified. Analysis of variances was carried out for nucleation temperature of these liquids with magnetic field flux density as the influencing factor. Results showed that no significant difference was found for deionized water with or without SMF. However, differences exist in 0.9% NaCl solution and 5% ethylene glycol solution with and without SMF. Nucleation temperature of 0.9% NaCl with SMF is lower than that without SMF, while its phase transition time is shorter than that without SMF. Nucleation temperature of 5% ethylene glycol with SMF is higher than that without SMF, while its phase transition time is not modified with SMF.展开更多
This work was focused on the measurement of the solubility of hydrogen （H2） in anthraquinone working solution at temperatures of 30.0-80.0℃ and pressures of 0.2-3.0 MPa by the method of experimental and COSMO-RS mo...This work was focused on the measurement of the solubility of hydrogen （H2） in anthraquinone working solution at temperatures of 30.0-80.0℃ and pressures of 0.2-3.0 MPa by the method of experimental and COSMO-RS model study. The influence of various factors, i.e., including pressure, temperature and solvent volume ratio, on H2 solubility was investigated. According to the experimental results, H2 solubility in anthraquinone working solution increases with the increase of pressure. At low pressures, the temperature had little effect on H2 solubility while under high pressures H2 solubility increases with increasing temperature. Henry＇s constant In/-/has a good linear relationship with 1/T （lnH = -- 1319.1/T ＋ 9.91 ）. The effect of volume ratio of trioctyl phos- phate to trimethylbenzene on the solubility of hydrogen was studied and the results showed that increasing the amount of trimethylbenzene was conducive to the dissolution of hydrogen. In addition, there is a linear relationship between ln（（Po - Pe） / （Pt - Pe）） and the time t. Gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient was obtained by calculating the slope of the line.展开更多
Gas-liquid contactors equipped with polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） or polypropylene （PP） hydrophobic membranes were applied for removal of sulfur dioxide from refinery gas. Pure water, NaOH solution and MDEA were ...Gas-liquid contactors equipped with polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） or polypropylene （PP） hydrophobic membranes were applied for removal of sulfur dioxide from refinery gas. Pure water, NaOH solution and MDEA were adopted as the absorbents. The performance of the two kinds of membranes for separation of SO2 was evaluated in terms of the concentration of absorbent solution, the concentration of SO2, and the feed flow rate. The efficiency for removal of SO2 increased with an increasing absorbent concentration. Upon increasing the concentration of SO2 and the feed flow rate, the desulfurization efficiency was decreased.展开更多
Adsorption experiment from aqueous solutions containing known amount of Cr （chromium） using chitosan was explored to evaluate the efficiency of chitosan as sorbent for Cr. Some variable parameters such as pH, reacti...Adsorption experiment from aqueous solutions containing known amount of Cr （chromium） using chitosan was explored to evaluate the efficiency of chitosan as sorbent for Cr. Some variable parameters such as pH, reaction time and chitosan dosage were optimized. Under the optimum experiment condition, the effect of common ions on the adsorption of Cr （i.e., Na^＋, K^＋, Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋ for Cr（Ⅲ）, and Cl^-, NO3^-, SO4^2- for Cr（Ⅵ）） was also investigated. Furthermore, the sorption mechanism of Cr by chitosan was investigated by applying Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations to the data obtained. In addition, to confirm the characteristics of the chitosan, the surface morphology of the biomass was determined by SEM （scanning electron microscope） and specific surface area analyzer （N2-BET （Brunaeur, Emmet and Teller））. Consequently, the following matters have been mainly clarified： （1） chitosan can be an efficient sorbent for Cr （both Cr（Ⅲ） and Cr（Ⅵ））; （2） the effect of common ions on the adsorption ofCr （Cr（Ⅲ） and Cr（Ⅵ）） was not significant under this experimental conditions; （3） adsorption isotherms using the chitosan can be generally described by Langmuir isotherm more satisfactorily for Cr. The adsorption may have occurred mainly by monolayer reaction; （4） the rates of adsorption were found to conform to pseudo-second order kinetics.展开更多
On the example of copper fulvate, it is discussed the method of calculation of stability constants of fulvic complexes. At pH = 8, the complex formation of copper（ll） ions with fulvic acids was studied by the solubi...On the example of copper fulvate, it is discussed the method of calculation of stability constants of fulvic complexes. At pH = 8, the complex formation of copper（ll） ions with fulvic acids was studied by the solubility method. Fulvic acids were separated from the river Mtkvari by the adsorption-chromotographic method. The charcoal （BAU, Russia） was used as a sorbent. The suspension of copper（If） hydroxide was used as the solid phase, on which was added the increasing quantity of standard solution of fulvic acids. In diluted solutions, at pH = 8 the dominant form of copper（lI） is copper dihydroxo complex Cu（OH）^zO. It was established that in the Cu（OH）2 （solid）-Cu（OH）^20 （solution）-FA^2-H20 system, dominates copper dyhydroxo fulvate complex with the structure 1：1, [Cu（OH）2FA]^2. The average stability constant of copper dyhydroxo fulvate complex was calculated based on experimental data fl [Cu（OH）2FAJ^2 = 4.5× l0^5.展开更多
A facile method for synthesis of the magnetic Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles was introduced.Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared via co-precipitation method with(PMF) and without(AMF) 0.15 T static magnetic field.The effects o...A facile method for synthesis of the magnetic Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles was introduced.Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared via co-precipitation method with(PMF) and without(AMF) 0.15 T static magnetic field.The effects of magnetic field on the properties of magnetic nanoparticles were studied by XRD,TEM,SEM,VSM and BET.The results showed that the magnetic field in the co-precipitation reaction process did not result in the phase change of the Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles but improved the crystallinity.The morphology of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles was varied from random spherical particles to rod-like cluster structure.The VSM results indicated that the saturation magnetization value of the Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles was significantly improved by the magnetic field.The BET of Fe_3O_4nanoparticles prepared with the magnetic field was larger than the control by 23.5%.The batch adsorption experiments of Mn(Ⅱ) on the PMF and AMF Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles showed that the Mn(II) equilibrium capacity was increased with the pH value increased.At pH 8,the Mn(Ⅱ) adsorption capacity for the PMF and AMF Fe_3O_4 was reached at 36.81 and 28.36 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The pseudo-second-order model fitted better the kinetic models and the Freundlich model fitted isotherm model well for both PMF and AMF Fe_3O_4.The results suggested that magnetic nanoparticles prepared by the magnetic field presented a fairly good potential as an adsorbent for an efficient removal of Mn(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution.展开更多
The influences of both the volume of PS/toluene solution in the Ubbelohde viscometer and the precision of the time measuring on the viscosity behavior in dilute and extremely dilute concentration region are investigat...The influences of both the volume of PS/toluene solution in the Ubbelohde viscometer and the precision of the time measuring on the viscosity behavior in dilute and extremely dilute concentration region are investigated. It was found that the influence of the former can neglect, but that of the latter is so prominent that the data fluctuate bitterly and linearity of the curve of the reduced viscosity vs. concentration (hsp/c^c) becomes too bad to obey the Huggins equation down to the extremely dilute region, despite the error of the flow times Dt 0.2s, which is permitted by the conventional method of viscosity measurement. Through strict mathematical analyses, it was found that the error (E) of the reduced viscosity is in proportion and inverse proportion to Dt and concentration c, respectively. So the less the concentration, the more the error is. Consequently, a lowest concentration limit cL corresponding to given experimental error may exist and it will be meaningless for further operation below cL because of the great fluctuation of the data. Therefore, it needs to seriously reconsider the application of the conventional method of Ubbelohde viscosity measurement in the extremely dilute polymer solution under traditional conditions because of the great influence of the experimental error.展开更多
Through the montmorillonite settlement experiment in the clear water and electrolyte solution, the influence of slime water settling character was studied in clear water and different electrolyte solution, the montmor...Through the montmorillonite settlement experiment in the clear water and electrolyte solution, the influence of slime water settling character was studied in clear water and different electrolyte solution, the montmorillonite＇s hydration ex- pansion effectively restrained was verified, the process method to wash coal with the electrolyte was put forward, and the re- sults indicate that the solution of 10 g/L KC1 is optimal inhibitor on the montmorillonite in the tested three kinds of electrolyte solution. With the contrast test in clear water and electrolyte solution, two reagent adding way can be selected in KC1 solution： one way is to add PAM separately, the effectively sedimentation can be made with simply 0.1% anion; the other way is the co- ordination with polymeric aluminum and PAM, the anionic of PAM and polymeric aluminum are 0.02% and 0.5% respectively. However, in clear water, the polymeric aluminum must be joined together with the anionic PAM, and the amount of the PAM reaches 0.5%, which is 25 times as great as that in KCL solution. The field work with raw coal further verifies the above con- clusions further.展开更多
To improve the machinability of optical glass and achieve optical parts with satisfied surface quality and dimensional accuracy, scratching experiments with increasing cutting depth were conducted on glass SF6 to eval...To improve the machinability of optical glass and achieve optical parts with satisfied surface quality and dimensional accuracy, scratching experiments with increasing cutting depth were conducted on glass SF6 to evaluate the influence of cutting fluid properties on the machinability of glass. The sodium carbonate solution of 10.5% concentration was chosen as cutting fluid. Then the critical depths in scratching experiments with and without cutting fluid were examined. Based on this, turning experiments were carried out, and the surface quality of SF6 was assessed. Compared with the process of dry cutting, the main indexes of surface roughness decrease by over 70% totally. Experimental results indicated that the machinability of glass SF6 can be improved by using the sodium carbonate solution as cutting fluid.展开更多
基金Project(51174232)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Based on the difference in tendency to polymerize between tungsten and molybdenum, a new method using D309 resin was propounded. The batch tests indicate that the optimum pH value and contact time for the separation are 7.0 and 4 h respectively, the maxium separation factor of W and Mo is 9.29. And the experimental resules show that isothermal absorbing tungsten and molybdenum belongs to Langmuir model and Freundlich model respectively, and the absorbing kinetics for tungsten is controlled by intra-particle diffusion. With a solution containing 70 g/L WO3 and 28.97 g/L Mo, the effluent with a mass ratio of Mo to WO3 of 76 and the eluate with a mass ratio of WO3 to Mo of 53.33 are obtained after column test.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30270790) and National Post-doctoral Foundation of China (No. 2003033494).
文摘A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effect of partial replacement of NO-3-N by NH4+-N on the seedling growth and organic acid content of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). A completely randomized design was established with three replications and five treatments, i.e., NO-3-N/NH4+-N of 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100. Results showed that 25% replacement of NO3--N by NH4+-N significantly (P = 0.05) improved fresh and dry weight, revealing that a proper percentage of NH4+-N was important for tomato nitrogen nutrition. This could increase the plant growth even though tomato was a crop that preferred nitrate nutrition. Also an increase in the proportion of NH4+-N in the nutrient solution led to a significant decrease (P = 0.05) in malate, citrate and fumarate. However, the 25% NH4+-N plus 75% NO3--N treatment had no significant effect (P = 0.05) on the 2-ketoglutarate, succinate or oxalic acid content, showing that only some organic acids in tomato plants were affected. Only pyruvate increased significantly (P = 0.05), and it only increased for 25% and 50% replacement of NO3--N by NH4+-N. Metabolism of these organic acids, especially malate, citrate and fumarate, should be further studied at the molecular level in vegetables applied with different nitrogen forms.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40335046) and the "Recruiting Outstanding Overseas Chinese Scientists" Scheme of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
文摘To investigate effects of Zn on Cd uptake by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) in solution culture, long-time hydroponic experiment (1 month) (Experiment 1) and short-time Cd isotope (109Cd) tracing experiment (24 h) (Experiment 2) were conducted. In Experiment 1, spring wheat (cv. Brookton) was grown in nutrient solution at uniform cadmium concentration of 20μ mol/L and 10 zinc concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 20, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 μ mol/L). In Experiment 2, spring wheat seedlings,pre-cultivated in complete nutrient solution, were treated with 109Cd of uniform activity and the same series of Zn concentrations as those in Experiment 1 for 24 h. Cd concentrations in shoots and roots in Experiment 1 increased marginally but not consistently with Zn increasing at Zn rates of 1～200 μmol/L, and then decreased significantly at high rates (＞200 μ mol/L). In Experiment 2, the response of 109Cd activities in shoots and roots to increasing Zn was greatly similar to the response of Cd concentrations to Zn increasing in Experiment 1. The results of the two experiments indicated that the short-time and long-time exposure of spring wheat to Zn had similar effects on Cd accumulation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51306104)
文摘Freezing processes of several liquids under static magnetic field(SMF) less than 50 mT were investigated. Central temperature of liquid samples held in glass test tubes immersed in a liquid bath was measured and collected. Nucleation temperature and phase transition time were obtained from freezing curves. Normality tests were performed for nucleation temperature of these liquids with/without magnetic field and normality distributions were justified. Analysis of variances was carried out for nucleation temperature of these liquids with magnetic field flux density as the influencing factor. Results showed that no significant difference was found for deionized water with or without SMF. However, differences exist in 0.9% NaCl solution and 5% ethylene glycol solution with and without SMF. Nucleation temperature of 0.9% NaCl with SMF is lower than that without SMF, while its phase transition time is shorter than that without SMF. Nucleation temperature of 5% ethylene glycol with SMF is higher than that without SMF, while its phase transition time is not modified with SMF.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21476009,21406007,and U1462104)
文摘This work was focused on the measurement of the solubility of hydrogen （H2） in anthraquinone working solution at temperatures of 30.0-80.0℃ and pressures of 0.2-3.0 MPa by the method of experimental and COSMO-RS model study. The influence of various factors, i.e., including pressure, temperature and solvent volume ratio, on H2 solubility was investigated. According to the experimental results, H2 solubility in anthraquinone working solution increases with the increase of pressure. At low pressures, the temperature had little effect on H2 solubility while under high pressures H2 solubility increases with increasing temperature. Henry＇s constant In/-/has a good linear relationship with 1/T （lnH = -- 1319.1/T ＋ 9.91 ）. The effect of volume ratio of trioctyl phos- phate to trimethylbenzene on the solubility of hydrogen was studied and the results showed that increasing the amount of trimethylbenzene was conducive to the dissolution of hydrogen. In addition, there is a linear relationship between ln（（Po - Pe） / （Pt - Pe）） and the time t. Gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient was obtained by calculating the slope of the line.
基金supported by the Suzhou Science and Technology Program.
文摘Gas-liquid contactors equipped with polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） or polypropylene （PP） hydrophobic membranes were applied for removal of sulfur dioxide from refinery gas. Pure water, NaOH solution and MDEA were adopted as the absorbents. The performance of the two kinds of membranes for separation of SO2 was evaluated in terms of the concentration of absorbent solution, the concentration of SO2, and the feed flow rate. The efficiency for removal of SO2 increased with an increasing absorbent concentration. Upon increasing the concentration of SO2 and the feed flow rate, the desulfurization efficiency was decreased.
文摘Adsorption experiment from aqueous solutions containing known amount of Cr （chromium） using chitosan was explored to evaluate the efficiency of chitosan as sorbent for Cr. Some variable parameters such as pH, reaction time and chitosan dosage were optimized. Under the optimum experiment condition, the effect of common ions on the adsorption of Cr （i.e., Na^＋, K^＋, Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋ for Cr（Ⅲ）, and Cl^-, NO3^-, SO4^2- for Cr（Ⅵ）） was also investigated. Furthermore, the sorption mechanism of Cr by chitosan was investigated by applying Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations to the data obtained. In addition, to confirm the characteristics of the chitosan, the surface morphology of the biomass was determined by SEM （scanning electron microscope） and specific surface area analyzer （N2-BET （Brunaeur, Emmet and Teller））. Consequently, the following matters have been mainly clarified： （1） chitosan can be an efficient sorbent for Cr （both Cr（Ⅲ） and Cr（Ⅵ））; （2） the effect of common ions on the adsorption ofCr （Cr（Ⅲ） and Cr（Ⅵ）） was not significant under this experimental conditions; （3） adsorption isotherms using the chitosan can be generally described by Langmuir isotherm more satisfactorily for Cr. The adsorption may have occurred mainly by monolayer reaction; （4） the rates of adsorption were found to conform to pseudo-second order kinetics.
文摘On the example of copper fulvate, it is discussed the method of calculation of stability constants of fulvic complexes. At pH = 8, the complex formation of copper（ll） ions with fulvic acids was studied by the solubility method. Fulvic acids were separated from the river Mtkvari by the adsorption-chromotographic method. The charcoal （BAU, Russia） was used as a sorbent. The suspension of copper（If） hydroxide was used as the solid phase, on which was added the increasing quantity of standard solution of fulvic acids. In diluted solutions, at pH = 8 the dominant form of copper（lI） is copper dihydroxo complex Cu（OH）^zO. It was established that in the Cu（OH）2 （solid）-Cu（OH）^20 （solution）-FA^2-H20 system, dominates copper dyhydroxo fulvate complex with the structure 1：1, [Cu（OH）2FA]^2. The average stability constant of copper dyhydroxo fulvate complex was calculated based on experimental data fl [Cu（OH）2FAJ^2 = 4.5× l0^5.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41201487)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.2014202074)
文摘A facile method for synthesis of the magnetic Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles was introduced.Magnetic nanoparticles were prepared via co-precipitation method with(PMF) and without(AMF) 0.15 T static magnetic field.The effects of magnetic field on the properties of magnetic nanoparticles were studied by XRD,TEM,SEM,VSM and BET.The results showed that the magnetic field in the co-precipitation reaction process did not result in the phase change of the Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles but improved the crystallinity.The morphology of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles was varied from random spherical particles to rod-like cluster structure.The VSM results indicated that the saturation magnetization value of the Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles was significantly improved by the magnetic field.The BET of Fe_3O_4nanoparticles prepared with the magnetic field was larger than the control by 23.5%.The batch adsorption experiments of Mn(Ⅱ) on the PMF and AMF Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles showed that the Mn(II) equilibrium capacity was increased with the pH value increased.At pH 8,the Mn(Ⅱ) adsorption capacity for the PMF and AMF Fe_3O_4 was reached at 36.81 and 28.36 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The pseudo-second-order model fitted better the kinetic models and the Freundlich model fitted isotherm model well for both PMF and AMF Fe_3O_4.The results suggested that magnetic nanoparticles prepared by the magnetic field presented a fairly good potential as an adsorbent for an efficient removal of Mn(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution.
文摘The influences of both the volume of PS/toluene solution in the Ubbelohde viscometer and the precision of the time measuring on the viscosity behavior in dilute and extremely dilute concentration region are investigated. It was found that the influence of the former can neglect, but that of the latter is so prominent that the data fluctuate bitterly and linearity of the curve of the reduced viscosity vs. concentration (hsp/c^c) becomes too bad to obey the Huggins equation down to the extremely dilute region, despite the error of the flow times Dt 0.2s, which is permitted by the conventional method of viscosity measurement. Through strict mathematical analyses, it was found that the error (E) of the reduced viscosity is in proportion and inverse proportion to Dt and concentration c, respectively. So the less the concentration, the more the error is. Consequently, a lowest concentration limit cL corresponding to given experimental error may exist and it will be meaningless for further operation below cL because of the great fluctuation of the data. Therefore, it needs to seriously reconsider the application of the conventional method of Ubbelohde viscosity measurement in the extremely dilute polymer solution under traditional conditions because of the great influence of the experimental error.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （51204190, 51274208） the Youth Fund of China University of Mining and Technology （Beijing） （2009QH04）
文摘Through the montmorillonite settlement experiment in the clear water and electrolyte solution, the influence of slime water settling character was studied in clear water and different electrolyte solution, the montmorillonite＇s hydration ex- pansion effectively restrained was verified, the process method to wash coal with the electrolyte was put forward, and the re- sults indicate that the solution of 10 g/L KC1 is optimal inhibitor on the montmorillonite in the tested three kinds of electrolyte solution. With the contrast test in clear water and electrolyte solution, two reagent adding way can be selected in KC1 solution： one way is to add PAM separately, the effectively sedimentation can be made with simply 0.1% anion; the other way is the co- ordination with polymeric aluminum and PAM, the anionic of PAM and polymeric aluminum are 0.02% and 0.5% respectively. However, in clear water, the polymeric aluminum must be joined together with the anionic PAM, and the amount of the PAM reaches 0.5%, which is 25 times as great as that in KCL solution. The field work with raw coal further verifies the above con- clusions further.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50775057)
文摘To improve the machinability of optical glass and achieve optical parts with satisfied surface quality and dimensional accuracy, scratching experiments with increasing cutting depth were conducted on glass SF6 to evaluate the influence of cutting fluid properties on the machinability of glass. The sodium carbonate solution of 10.5% concentration was chosen as cutting fluid. Then the critical depths in scratching experiments with and without cutting fluid were examined. Based on this, turning experiments were carried out, and the surface quality of SF6 was assessed. Compared with the process of dry cutting, the main indexes of surface roughness decrease by over 70% totally. Experimental results indicated that the machinability of glass SF6 can be improved by using the sodium carbonate solution as cutting fluid.
