[Objective] The research aimed to study the morphological characteristics and karyotype of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in Dongting Lake water system.[Method] By using the conventional biological morphometry,PHA and colchi...[Objective] The research aimed to study the morphological characteristics and karyotype of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in Dongting Lake water system.[Method] By using the conventional biological morphometry,PHA and colchicine injection method in vivo,the morphological characteristics and karyotype of P.fulvidraco in Yuanshui River and Lishui River of Dongting Lake were analyzed.[Result] In three ratio traits including standard length/head length,standard length/caudal peduncle depth,head length/snout length,P.fulvidraco of Yuanshui River and Lishui River had significant differences（P0.05）.However,the number and karyotype of their chromosomes were same.The chromosome number was 2n = 52,and the karyotype formula was 20M＋12SM＋10ST＋10T.The number of chromosome arm was 84.[Conclusion] The research result had certain theoretical guidance significance for the protection and utilization of wild P.resource in Dongting Lake water system.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of lead accu- mulation in rice aboveground organs under lead pollution and construct hyperspectral identification models. [Method] Pot experiments were c...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of lead accu- mulation in rice aboveground organs under lead pollution and construct hyperspectral identification models. [Method] Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the characteristics of lead accumulation in rice aboveground organs and the quantitative relationship between canopy spectral characteristics and plumbum （Pb） concentrations in various rice organs under different lead levels with experimental materials Nanjing 44 and Liangyoupeijiu. [Result] Pb contents in whole plants, stems, leaves and spikes of Nanjing 44 and Liangyoupeijiu were increasing with the raised Pb levels, Pb content was the highest in stems. Significant differences were observed in the wavelength band of red light in canopy reflectance spectra curves under various Pb stress levels. With the increasing of Pb stress level, the strength of spectral reflectance reduced, and the normalized value of reflectance after removing envelopes curved increased. Several types of relationship models between NVDI（x） and Pb con- tent in rice organs were constructed. By comparing the prediction significance of these models, optimal prediction models were constructed for Pb stress remote- sensing monitoring in various organs of Nanjing 44 and Liangyoupeijiu, respectively. Specifically, Pb contents in various organs of Nanjing 44 were defined as： Ywhole-plant= 2 270.4x^2-2 292.8x＋577.35, ystem=4 260.9x^2-4 294x＋1 077.8, Yleat=2 780.8x^2-2 777.9x＋ 690.71, yspike=309.31X^2-306.07X＋75.369; while for Liangyoupeijiu, ywhole-plant=524 269e^-25.557x, ystem=1E＋07e^-31.65x, yleaf=2E＋07e^-34.056x, yspike=14 320e^-21.756x.[Conclusion] The field hyperspectral remote-sensing responded fairly well to Pb stress of rice plants and the stress intensity. Therefore, fast and undamaging probe of Pb pollution of rice could be achieved by the difference analysis of rice canopy spectra.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to determine the physiological and biochemical characteristics of potato tubers infected by Fusarium trichothecioides. [Method] The soluble protein content, SOD activity, POD activ...[Objective] This study was conducted to determine the physiological and biochemical characteristics of potato tubers infected by Fusarium trichothecioides. [Method] The soluble protein content, SOD activity, POD activity and malondialdehyde （MDA） content of the tubers of two potato varieties Atlantic and Keshan 1 infected by F. trichothecioides were measured 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h later. [Result] Com- pared with the control uninfected, the contents of soluble protein and MDA in the tu- bers of both potato varieties infected with F. trichothecioides decreased, while the SOD activity increased, indicating that SOD activity had a certain relationship with the resistance of potato to dry rot. The POD activity in Keshan 1 which is resistant to F. trichothecioides was higher than in Atlantic, which is susceptible to F. trichothe- cioides, indicating that POD activity was closely related with potato＇s resistance to Fusarium dry rot. [Conclusion] The physiological and biochemical characteristics of potato tubers infected by F. trichothecioides will provide some references for the early waming and prevention of Fusariurn dry rot.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to identify swine diseases caused by CSFV,PRRSV and PCV2 and thus to analyze its pathogeny chracteristics.[Method] The tissues and viscera of the diseased swine were collected fro...[Objective] The aim of this study was to identify swine diseases caused by CSFV,PRRSV and PCV2 and thus to analyze its pathogeny chracteristics.[Method] The tissues and viscera of the diseased swine were collected from Xiangtan of Hunan(Code of HN/XT)to extract DNA and RNA for PCR amplification and sequencing.Meanwhile,the virulent strains were isolated and identified by cell separation technology.[Result] The sequencing analysis results showed that the amino acid homology between CSFV,PRRSV,PCV2 and sequen...展开更多
Reverse_transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT_PCR) was performed using cDNAs as templates from wheat_ Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line and 'Yangmai 5' induced with fungus Erysiphe gramin...Reverse_transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT_PCR) was performed using cDNAs as templates from wheat_ Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line and 'Yangmai 5' induced with fungus Erysiphe graminis , and degenerate primers designed based on the conserved amino acid sequences of known plant disease_resistance genes. The cDNA sequences encoding cyclophilin_like and H +_ATPase_like genes were first isolated and characterized in wheat. The putative amino acid sequences of the two clones showed that they were highly homologous to those of cyclophilin proteins and H +_ATPases isolated from other plants. Thus they were designated as Ta_Cyp and Ta_MAH . The obvious expression differences could be observed between wheat_ H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line and susceptible wheat cultivar 'Yangmai 5', implying that the two genes may be related with the resistance of wheat_ H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line to disease. Southern blot indicated that the wheat genome contained 2-3 copies of Ta_Cyp gene and one copy of the Ta_MAH gene. Chinese Spring nulli_tetrasomic line analysis located the Ta_Cyp homologous genes on wheat chromosome 6A, 6B and 6D. Southern blot using Ta_Cyp clone as a probe showed that the polymorphic bands existed among the H. villosa , amphiploid of Triticum durum _ H. villosa , wheat_ H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line and 'Yangmai 5', suggesting that Ta_Cyp homologies exist in wheat genome as well as on the short arm of chromosome 6V in H. villosa .展开更多
[Objective]To study the effects of homologous chromosomes 7 （7A,7B and 7D） on wheat photosynthesis and provide theoretical basis for breeding high photosynthetic efficiency wheat by genetic,physiological and biochem...[Objective]To study the effects of homologous chromosomes 7 （7A,7B and 7D） on wheat photosynthesis and provide theoretical basis for breeding high photosynthetic efficiency wheat by genetic,physiological and biochemical means. [Method]The Triticum asetivum cultivar Chinese Spring wheat and nullisomic wheat （N7A,N7B and N7D） were planted in greenhouse. The photosynthetic indexes were determined at early filling stage. [Result]The photosynthetic rate （Pn）,stomatal conductance （Gs）,primary photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm）,actual chemical efficiency of photosystem II （ФPS II） and apparent electron transfer rate of photosystem II （ETR） were significantly lower in the N7A and N7B than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance was significantly lower in the N7D than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The Fv/Fm,ФPS II,ETR of N7D were higher than that of the Chinese Spring without significant difference. [Conclusion]The homologous chromosomes 7A and 7B have positive effects on photosynthetic rate and have relationship with stomatal conductance and photoreaction （chlorophyll fluorescence parameters）. The homologous chromosome 7D has negative effects on photosynthetic rate,which is mainly related to stomatal conductance rather than photoreaction.展开更多
This paper attempted to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of heavy metal, ammonia-N, nitrite and the organic pollutants on the non-special immune response of the shrimp and crab, which providi...This paper attempted to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of heavy metal, ammonia-N, nitrite and the organic pollutants on the non-special immune response of the shrimp and crab, which providing theory for improving the self-immunity of shrimp and crab by meliorating cultural environment. In addition, it could provide information for further study on this field.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30972260)Science and Technology Innovation Team Plan of Hunan Higher Education(2010)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study the morphological characteristics and karyotype of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in Dongting Lake water system.[Method] By using the conventional biological morphometry,PHA and colchicine injection method in vivo,the morphological characteristics and karyotype of P.fulvidraco in Yuanshui River and Lishui River of Dongting Lake were analyzed.[Result] In three ratio traits including standard length/head length,standard length/caudal peduncle depth,head length/snout length,P.fulvidraco of Yuanshui River and Lishui River had significant differences（P0.05）.However,the number and karyotype of their chromosomes were same.The chromosome number was 2n = 52,and the karyotype formula was 20M＋12SM＋10ST＋10T.The number of chromosome arm was 84.[Conclusion] The research result had certain theoretical guidance significance for the protection and utilization of wild P.resource in Dongting Lake water system.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Rice Project of State Science & Technology Project for Food Production Enhancement (2011BAD16B03)Project from Jiangsu Provincial Commission of Agriculture:Suitability Evalution of Safety Origin of Agricultural Products in Jiangsu Province~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of lead accu- mulation in rice aboveground organs under lead pollution and construct hyperspectral identification models. [Method] Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the characteristics of lead accumulation in rice aboveground organs and the quantitative relationship between canopy spectral characteristics and plumbum （Pb） concentrations in various rice organs under different lead levels with experimental materials Nanjing 44 and Liangyoupeijiu. [Result] Pb contents in whole plants, stems, leaves and spikes of Nanjing 44 and Liangyoupeijiu were increasing with the raised Pb levels, Pb content was the highest in stems. Significant differences were observed in the wavelength band of red light in canopy reflectance spectra curves under various Pb stress levels. With the increasing of Pb stress level, the strength of spectral reflectance reduced, and the normalized value of reflectance after removing envelopes curved increased. Several types of relationship models between NVDI（x） and Pb con- tent in rice organs were constructed. By comparing the prediction significance of these models, optimal prediction models were constructed for Pb stress remote- sensing monitoring in various organs of Nanjing 44 and Liangyoupeijiu, respectively. Specifically, Pb contents in various organs of Nanjing 44 were defined as： Ywhole-plant= 2 270.4x^2-2 292.8x＋577.35, ystem=4 260.9x^2-4 294x＋1 077.8, Yleat=2 780.8x^2-2 777.9x＋ 690.71, yspike=309.31X^2-306.07X＋75.369; while for Liangyoupeijiu, ywhole-plant=524 269e^-25.557x, ystem=1E＋07e^-31.65x, yleaf=2E＋07e^-34.056x, yspike=14 320e^-21.756x.[Conclusion] The field hyperspectral remote-sensing responded fairly well to Pb stress of rice plants and the stress intensity. Therefore, fast and undamaging probe of Pb pollution of rice could be achieved by the difference analysis of rice canopy spectra.
基金Supported by Key Project of Provincial Department of Education for Scientific and Technological Research(12511061)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to determine the physiological and biochemical characteristics of potato tubers infected by Fusarium trichothecioides. [Method] The soluble protein content, SOD activity, POD activity and malondialdehyde （MDA） content of the tubers of two potato varieties Atlantic and Keshan 1 infected by F. trichothecioides were measured 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h later. [Result] Com- pared with the control uninfected, the contents of soluble protein and MDA in the tu- bers of both potato varieties infected with F. trichothecioides decreased, while the SOD activity increased, indicating that SOD activity had a certain relationship with the resistance of potato to dry rot. The POD activity in Keshan 1 which is resistant to F. trichothecioides was higher than in Atlantic, which is susceptible to F. trichothe- cioides, indicating that POD activity was closely related with potato＇s resistance to Fusarium dry rot. [Conclusion] The physiological and biochemical characteristics of potato tubers infected by F. trichothecioides will provide some references for the early waming and prevention of Fusariurn dry rot.
基金Supported by National 863 High-tech Research Development Plan(2006AA241110)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to identify swine diseases caused by CSFV,PRRSV and PCV2 and thus to analyze its pathogeny chracteristics.[Method] The tissues and viscera of the diseased swine were collected from Xiangtan of Hunan(Code of HN/XT)to extract DNA and RNA for PCR amplification and sequencing.Meanwhile,the virulent strains were isolated and identified by cell separation technology.[Result] The sequencing analysis results showed that the amino acid homology between CSFV,PRRSV,PCV2 and sequen...
文摘Reverse_transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT_PCR) was performed using cDNAs as templates from wheat_ Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line and 'Yangmai 5' induced with fungus Erysiphe graminis , and degenerate primers designed based on the conserved amino acid sequences of known plant disease_resistance genes. The cDNA sequences encoding cyclophilin_like and H +_ATPase_like genes were first isolated and characterized in wheat. The putative amino acid sequences of the two clones showed that they were highly homologous to those of cyclophilin proteins and H +_ATPases isolated from other plants. Thus they were designated as Ta_Cyp and Ta_MAH . The obvious expression differences could be observed between wheat_ H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line and susceptible wheat cultivar 'Yangmai 5', implying that the two genes may be related with the resistance of wheat_ H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line to disease. Southern blot indicated that the wheat genome contained 2-3 copies of Ta_Cyp gene and one copy of the Ta_MAH gene. Chinese Spring nulli_tetrasomic line analysis located the Ta_Cyp homologous genes on wheat chromosome 6A, 6B and 6D. Southern blot using Ta_Cyp clone as a probe showed that the polymorphic bands existed among the H. villosa , amphiploid of Triticum durum _ H. villosa , wheat_ H. villosa 6VS/6AL translocation line and 'Yangmai 5', suggesting that Ta_Cyp homologies exist in wheat genome as well as on the short arm of chromosome 6V in H. villosa .
基金Supported by Excellent Young Academic Leaders Project of Shanxi Province~~
文摘[Objective]To study the effects of homologous chromosomes 7 （7A,7B and 7D） on wheat photosynthesis and provide theoretical basis for breeding high photosynthetic efficiency wheat by genetic,physiological and biochemical means. [Method]The Triticum asetivum cultivar Chinese Spring wheat and nullisomic wheat （N7A,N7B and N7D） were planted in greenhouse. The photosynthetic indexes were determined at early filling stage. [Result]The photosynthetic rate （Pn）,stomatal conductance （Gs）,primary photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm）,actual chemical efficiency of photosystem II （ФPS II） and apparent electron transfer rate of photosystem II （ETR） were significantly lower in the N7A and N7B than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance was significantly lower in the N7D than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The Fv/Fm,ФPS II,ETR of N7D were higher than that of the Chinese Spring without significant difference. [Conclusion]The homologous chromosomes 7A and 7B have positive effects on photosynthetic rate and have relationship with stomatal conductance and photoreaction （chlorophyll fluorescence parameters）. The homologous chromosome 7D has negative effects on photosynthetic rate,which is mainly related to stomatal conductance rather than photoreaction.
文摘This paper attempted to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of heavy metal, ammonia-N, nitrite and the organic pollutants on the non-special immune response of the shrimp and crab, which providing theory for improving the self-immunity of shrimp and crab by meliorating cultural environment. In addition, it could provide information for further study on this field.
