猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)是一种具有囊膜的单股正链RNA动脉炎病毒。PRRSV感染猪后引起猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS),导致妊娠...猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)是一种具有囊膜的单股正链RNA动脉炎病毒。PRRSV感染猪后引起猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS),导致妊娠母猪流产、死胎、弱胎和木乃伊胎以及各年龄段猪呼吸系统疾病,对全球养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。全面解析PRRSV感染机制有助于防控PRRS,助力生猪产业高质量发展。自噬是一种依赖于溶酶体对异常蛋白质、受损细胞器、入侵病原微生物等进行降解回收的过程,包括巨自噬、微自噬和分子伴侣介导的自噬(chaperone-mediated autophagy,CMA)3种类型。其中,巨自噬是目前研究最多的自噬类型,可进一步分为非选择性自噬和选择性自噬。自噬在维持细胞稳态、控制细胞器质量、运输胞内物质等生理过程中发挥着重要作用,还影响神经退行性疾病、自身免疫病、癌症等多种疾病的发生和发展。此外,自噬作为一种防御机制,能够清除入侵宿主细胞的病毒;然而,病毒进化出一系列策略拮抗自噬降解甚至利用自噬为自身感染服务。文章通过笔者自身的研究经历和近年来自噬在PRRSV感染过程中的研究报道,系统梳理介绍了自噬在PRRSV感染中发挥的双重作用:一方面,PRRSV非结构蛋白和结构蛋白通过多种途径诱导包括内质网自噬、线粒体自噬、聚集体自噬、脂噬等选择性自噬在内的巨自噬和CMA,随后这些诱导的巨自噬和CMA参与PRRSV复制、拮抗细胞凋亡、抑制宿主免疫反应等过程促进病毒感染;另一方面,宿主细胞通过内质网自噬等选择性巨自噬和CMA降解PRRSV非结构蛋白、激活抗病毒免疫应答等抑制病毒感染,以期从自噬角度深入揭示PRRSV感染机制。另外,文章还通过总结自噬在PRRSV感染中的作用机制,提出该研究领域仍然存在争议或尚未解答的科学问题,为今后研究提供线索;同时通过列举靶向自噬的抗病毒研究,提出自噬可作为抗PRRSV策略研发的潜在靶点,为防控PRRS提供新的思路。展开更多
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)引起的以猪呼吸系统疾病和母猪繁殖障碍为主要特征的传染病,给全球...猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)引起的以猪呼吸系统疾病和母猪繁殖障碍为主要特征的传染病,给全球养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。然而,PRRS至今仍没有安全有效的疫苗和药物进行防治。全面深入理解PRRSV生命周期可以为PRRS防控提供新的思路。因此,本文在简述PRRSV生命周期的基础上,重点对病毒侵入、复制与转录、翻译及翻译后修饰、组装等过程的研究进展进行综述,以期为PRRSV致病机制及防控研究提供参考。展开更多
According to the published genome sequences of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), primers were designed and PCR, RT-PCR were set up for the detection of P...According to the published genome sequences of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), primers were designed and PCR, RT-PCR were set up for the detection of PCV2 and PRRSV, respectively. With the established methods, 38 clinical samples from the respiratory disease pigs were detected for the presence of PCV2 and PRRSV. The results demonstrated that 22 samples were positive for PCV2, 27 samples were positive for PRRSV and among the above positive samples, 18 samples were positive for both viruses. The data obtained in the present study indicated that PCV2 and PRRSV maybe play an important role in the course of the development of respiratory diseases.展开更多
文摘猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)引起的以猪呼吸系统疾病和母猪繁殖障碍为主要特征的传染病,给全球养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。然而,PRRS至今仍没有安全有效的疫苗和药物进行防治。全面深入理解PRRSV生命周期可以为PRRS防控提供新的思路。因此,本文在简述PRRSV生命周期的基础上,重点对病毒侵入、复制与转录、翻译及翻译后修饰、组装等过程的研究进展进行综述,以期为PRRSV致病机制及防控研究提供参考。
文摘According to the published genome sequences of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), primers were designed and PCR, RT-PCR were set up for the detection of PCV2 and PRRSV, respectively. With the established methods, 38 clinical samples from the respiratory disease pigs were detected for the presence of PCV2 and PRRSV. The results demonstrated that 22 samples were positive for PCV2, 27 samples were positive for PRRSV and among the above positive samples, 18 samples were positive for both viruses. The data obtained in the present study indicated that PCV2 and PRRSV maybe play an important role in the course of the development of respiratory diseases.
